1 00:00:01,034 --> 00:00:12,979 {\an7}[MONKEYS CALLING] 2 00:00:13,013 --> 00:00:17,951 {\an7}Patrick Aryee: PREPARE TO MEET \h\hA FEW MEMBERS OF THE CLAN. 3 00:00:20,687 --> 00:00:23,156 {\an7}[ORANGUTAN SCREECHING] 4 00:00:29,363 --> 00:00:32,199 {\an7}MISCHIEVOUS MONKEYS... 5 00:00:32,299 --> 00:00:35,469 {\an7}INTELLIGENT APES... 6 00:00:35,502 --> 00:00:40,507 {\an7}\h\h\h\hAND A CAST OF STRANGE AND ENCHANTING LITTLE COUSINS. 7 00:00:40,641 --> 00:00:43,177 {\an7}[MONKEY SCREECHES] 8 00:00:43,210 --> 00:00:49,283 {\an7}THIS IS THE STORY OF OUR CLOSEST RELATIVES ON EARTH. 9 00:00:49,316 --> 00:00:50,918 {\an7}FROM THE MIGHTY GORILLA 10 00:00:50,951 --> 00:00:55,122 {\an7}TO A PRIMATE SO SMALL IT COULD FIT IN THE PALM OF YOUR HAND, 11 00:00:55,155 --> 00:00:59,493 {\an7}WE’RE ALL PART OF THE SAME \h\h\hAMAZING ANIMAL ORDER. 12 00:01:01,361 --> 00:01:04,865 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hTODAY, THERE ARE OVER 400 DIFFERENT MEMBERS 13 00:01:04,898 --> 00:01:07,267 {\an7}OF OUR PRIMATE ORDER. 14 00:01:08,702 --> 00:01:13,373 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hTHEY ARE UNRIVALED ACROBATS... 15 00:01:13,473 --> 00:01:15,542 {\an7}DOTING PARENTS... 16 00:01:15,576 --> 00:01:21,048 {\an7}\h\h\hAND SOME OF THE SMARTEST CREATURES IN THE NATURAL WORLD. 17 00:01:21,081 --> 00:01:25,953 {\an7}\hSO, HOW DID PRIMATES BECOME SO SUCCESSFUL? 18 00:01:26,019 --> 00:01:27,687 {\an7}[PRIMATES CALLING] 19 00:01:27,788 --> 00:01:31,425 {\an7}WE’RE ON A JOURNEY TO RETRACE THE ASTONISHING RISE TO POWER 20 00:01:31,458 --> 00:01:35,429 {\an7}\h\h\hOF OUR VERY OWN PRIMATE FAMILY TREE. 21 00:01:35,462 --> 00:01:37,664 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 22 00:01:37,764 --> 00:01:40,433 {\an7}WE’RE IN AFRICA TO FIND OUT 23 00:01:40,467 --> 00:01:45,973 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hHOW PRIMATES BECAME BIGGER, STRONGER, AND SMARTER 24 00:01:46,006 --> 00:01:49,243 {\an7}THAN ANYWHERE ELSE \h\hON THE PLANET. 25 00:01:52,479 --> 00:01:56,583 {\an7}[LEMUR SCREECHES] 26 00:01:59,119 --> 00:02:04,925 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hPREPARE TO MEET SOME OF YOUR CLOSEST RELATIVES. 27 00:02:04,958 --> 00:02:10,697 {\an7}[PRIMATES CALLING] 28 00:02:11,665 --> 00:02:15,269 {\an7}♪ 29 00:02:15,302 --> 00:02:22,209 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOUR STORY STARTS IN THE LUSH JUNGLES OF UGANDA. 30 00:02:22,309 --> 00:02:24,278 {\an7}IT’S HERE IN AFRICA 31 00:02:24,311 --> 00:02:26,880 {\an7}\hTHAT PRIMATES PUSHED THEIR BODIES AND MINDS 32 00:02:26,980 --> 00:02:29,282 {\an7}TO A WHOLE NEW LEVEL. 33 00:02:29,316 --> 00:02:31,485 {\an7}THEY BECAME BIGGER, \h\h\h\h\hSTRONGER, 34 00:02:31,518 --> 00:02:33,954 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hAND FORMED MORE COMPLEX SOCIETIES 35 00:02:33,987 --> 00:02:35,989 {\an7}THAN ANYWHERE ELSE \h\h\h\hON EARTH. 36 00:02:36,023 --> 00:02:38,926 {\an7}AND IT’S IN THESE FORESTS \hTHAT ONE GROUP EVOLVED 37 00:02:38,959 --> 00:02:40,761 {\an7}SOMETHING QUITE EXTRAORDINARY, 38 00:02:40,794 --> 00:02:43,697 {\an7}\h\h\hBECAUSE FOR THE APES LIVING UNDER THIS CANOPY, 39 00:02:43,730 --> 00:02:47,867 {\an7}IT’S ALL ABOUT ONE THING-- \h\h\h\h\h\h\hBRAIN POWER. 40 00:02:47,901 --> 00:02:50,737 {\an7}♪ 41 00:02:50,771 --> 00:02:52,940 {\an7}FOR THESE JUNGLES ARE HOME 42 00:02:53,040 --> 00:02:57,545 {\an7}TO ONE OF THE BRIGHTEST SPARKS \h\h\hIN THE PRIMATE FAMILY... 43 00:03:01,314 --> 00:03:04,184 {\an7}THE CHIMPANZEE. 44 00:03:04,284 --> 00:03:09,956 {\an7}♪ 45 00:03:09,990 --> 00:03:14,194 {\an7}THEIR FACES CAN EXPRESS \h\h\hCOMPLEX EMOTIONS 46 00:03:14,294 --> 00:03:17,197 {\an7}WITH A SINGLE GLANCE. 47 00:03:17,297 --> 00:03:22,169 {\an7}♪ 48 00:03:22,302 --> 00:03:26,673 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hTHEY YAWN WHEN THEY’RE TIRED, 49 00:03:26,773 --> 00:03:29,509 {\an7}LAUGH WHEN THEY’RE \h\hHAVING FUN... 50 00:03:29,543 --> 00:03:31,712 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 51 00:03:31,778 --> 00:03:35,181 {\an7}AND EVEN KISS TO MAKE UP \h\h\h\h\h\hAFTER A SPAT. 52 00:03:35,248 --> 00:03:38,017 {\an7}♪ 53 00:03:38,051 --> 00:03:42,222 {\an7}AND JUST LIKE US, THEY ARE \h\hENDLESSLY INQUISITIVE. 54 00:03:42,255 --> 00:03:44,491 {\an7}\h\hAND IT’S THIS NATURAL CURIOSITY 55 00:03:44,524 --> 00:03:47,861 {\an7}THAT HAS BEEN KEY TO THEIR SUCCESS. 56 00:03:48,028 --> 00:03:49,696 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 57 00:03:49,730 --> 00:03:52,866 {\an7}I’M MEETING SOME ENERGETIC \h\h\h\h\h4-YEAR-OLD CHIMPS 58 00:03:52,899 --> 00:03:55,135 {\an7}AT A JUNGLE RESCUE CENTER 59 00:03:55,168 --> 00:03:58,138 {\an7}\hTO SET UP AN EXERCISE THAT SHOULD DEMONSTRATE 60 00:03:58,171 --> 00:04:01,441 {\an7}JUST HOW SMART THEY REALLY ARE. 61 00:04:02,142 --> 00:04:04,244 {\an7}[CHATTERING] 62 00:04:04,277 --> 00:04:09,582 {\an7}JUST LIKE US, CHIMPS HAVE DIFFERENT PERSONALITIES. 63 00:04:09,683 --> 00:04:12,252 {\an7}SOME ARE SHY, 64 00:04:12,285 --> 00:04:15,722 {\an7}OTHERS SHOW-OFFS. 65 00:04:15,756 --> 00:04:18,359 {\an7}SOME LIKE TO TAKE THE LEAD. 66 00:04:18,458 --> 00:04:22,696 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hOTHERS ARE A LITTLE MORE CAUTIOUS. 67 00:04:22,729 --> 00:04:24,731 {\an7}BUT PERHAPS THE MOST EXTRAORDINARY THING 68 00:04:24,765 --> 00:04:27,434 {\an7}\hWE SHARE WITH CHIMPS IS THE ABILITY TO LEARN 69 00:04:27,467 --> 00:04:29,302 {\an7}FROM EACH OTHER. 70 00:04:29,336 --> 00:04:30,404 {\an7}[CHATTERING] 71 00:04:30,437 --> 00:04:33,440 {\an7}\h\hTO DEMONSTRATE, I’VE SET UP A TEST 72 00:04:33,473 --> 00:04:35,909 {\an7}WITH AN UNUSED TERMITE MOUND 73 00:04:35,942 --> 00:04:38,711 {\an7}THAT’S BEEN FILLED \h\h\hWITH HONEY. 74 00:04:38,745 --> 00:04:41,081 {\an7}♪ 75 00:04:41,114 --> 00:04:43,049 {\an7}\hTHE CHIMPS HAVE HAD TO FIGURE OUT 76 00:04:43,083 --> 00:04:45,786 {\an7}HOW TO GET AT THE HONEY \h\h\h\h\hDEEP INSIDE. 77 00:04:45,819 --> 00:04:48,488 {\an7}♪ 78 00:04:48,522 --> 00:04:52,760 {\an7}\h\h\h\hA FEW SUPER-SMART CHIMPS FIRST LEARNED THAT IF THEY COULD 79 00:04:52,793 --> 00:04:54,995 {\an7}FASHION A DIPPING STICK, 80 00:04:55,028 --> 00:04:57,497 {\an7}THEY COULD GET AT THE SUGARY TREAT. 81 00:04:57,531 --> 00:05:00,267 {\an7}[SLURPING] 82 00:05:00,300 --> 00:05:05,238 {\an7}\hAMAZINGLY, THE OTHERS WATCHED...AND LEARNED. 83 00:05:05,272 --> 00:05:07,775 {\an7}\h\h\hOVER A FEW YEARS, THIS INTRICATE BEHAVIOR 84 00:05:07,808 --> 00:05:10,711 {\an7}\h\hSPREAD THROUGH MOST OF THE GROUP. 85 00:05:10,777 --> 00:05:19,953 {\an7}♪ 86 00:05:19,986 --> 00:05:22,455 {\an7}ONE OF OUR BOISTEROUS \h\h\h\h\h4-YEAR-OLDS 87 00:05:22,489 --> 00:05:25,425 {\an7}HASN’T QUITE MASTERED IT YET, 88 00:05:25,458 --> 00:05:28,528 {\an7}SO I’M GIVING HIM A LESSON. 89 00:05:28,562 --> 00:05:35,436 {\an7}♪ 90 00:05:35,468 --> 00:05:38,705 {\an7}IT’S NOT LOOKING PROMISING, 91 00:05:38,738 --> 00:05:43,176 {\an7}BUT AFTER SOME PERSEVERANCE... 92 00:05:43,210 --> 00:05:51,218 {\an7}♪ 93 00:05:51,251 --> 00:05:54,254 {\an7}[LAUGHS] 94 00:05:54,287 --> 00:05:57,724 {\an7}\h\hPERFECT. HE’S SEEN ME USING THAT STICK TO GET TO THE HONEY, 95 00:05:57,757 --> 00:05:59,659 {\an7}AND HE’S COPIED IT, 96 00:05:59,826 --> 00:06:01,995 {\an7}AND THAT’S THE PROCESS \h\h\h\h\hOF LEARNING. 97 00:06:02,028 --> 00:06:04,597 {\an7}THE CHIMPANZEE’S ABILITY \hTO FIGURE OUT PROBLEMS 98 00:06:04,631 --> 00:06:06,466 {\an7}AND LEARN FROM EACH OTHER 99 00:06:06,499 --> 00:06:08,935 {\an7}HAS LED TO DIFFERENT GROUPS \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOF CHIMPS 100 00:06:08,969 --> 00:06:13,373 {\an7}\hDEVELOPING DISTINCT BEHAVIORS AND SKILLS. 101 00:06:13,406 --> 00:06:16,242 {\an7}♪ 102 00:06:16,276 --> 00:06:19,179 {\an7}\h\h\hTHESE ARE SO UNIQUE TO DIFFERENT POPULATIONS 103 00:06:19,279 --> 00:06:21,715 {\an7}THAT CHIMPS, LIKE HUMANS, 104 00:06:21,815 --> 00:06:25,252 {\an7}\hARE SAID TO HAVE DIFFERENT CULTURES. 105 00:06:25,285 --> 00:06:31,191 {\an7}♪ 106 00:06:31,224 --> 00:06:34,427 {\an7}\h\h\hCHIMPANZEES ARE EXCEPTIONALLY BRIGHT, 107 00:06:34,461 --> 00:06:36,430 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hAND THEY USE THEIR RAZOR-SHARP MINDS 108 00:06:36,463 --> 00:06:39,199 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hTO PUZZLE OUT AND REMEMBER HOW TO SOLVE 109 00:06:39,232 --> 00:06:41,167 {\an7}EVEN THE TRICKIEST OF PROBLEMS. 110 00:06:41,201 --> 00:06:45,072 {\an7}\hBUT HAVING A BIG BRAIN ISN’T JUST A CHIMP THING. 111 00:06:45,105 --> 00:06:47,207 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hIT RUNS RIGHT THROUGHOUT THE FAMILY, 112 00:06:47,240 --> 00:06:51,978 {\an7}\h\hAND IT’S THIS COMBINATION OF INTELLIGENCE AND CURIOSITY 113 00:06:52,012 --> 00:06:54,181 {\an7}\h\hTHAT HAS PUSHED PRIMATES BEYOND OTHER ANIMAL FAMILIES, 114 00:06:54,214 --> 00:06:56,283 {\an7}\h\hALLOWING THEM TO CONQUER SO MUCH 115 00:06:56,316 --> 00:07:00,687 {\an7}\hAND SPREAD RIGHT ACROSS THE CONTINENT OF AFRICA. 116 00:07:00,720 --> 00:07:04,157 {\an7}[BIRD SQUAWKING] 117 00:07:04,190 --> 00:07:08,227 {\an7}AS PRIMATES VENTURED ACROSS AFRICA’S VARIED LANDSCAPES, 118 00:07:08,261 --> 00:07:13,733 {\an7}THEY EVOLVED INTO NEW SPECIES \hON THE PRIMATE FAMILY TREE. 119 00:07:16,102 --> 00:07:19,238 {\an7}\hIT’S A FAMILY TREE THAT BURST INTO LIFE 120 00:07:19,272 --> 00:07:23,243 {\an7}AROUND 55 MILLION YEARS AGO. 121 00:07:23,276 --> 00:07:27,180 {\an7}[PRIMATES CALLING] 122 00:07:27,213 --> 00:07:30,249 {\an7}ONE OF THE EARLIEST BRANCHES \h\h\h\h\hBELONGS TO A GROUP 123 00:07:30,283 --> 00:07:33,720 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTHAT INCLUDES INQUISITIVE LITTLE LEMURS. 124 00:07:36,056 --> 00:07:40,694 {\an7}THEN COME THE TINY NOCTURNAL TARSIERS. 125 00:07:40,727 --> 00:07:45,198 {\an7}IN AFRICA, THE MONKEY BRANCHES \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hWOULD FLOURISH, 126 00:07:45,231 --> 00:07:48,468 {\an7}\h\hWITH AROUND 70 DIFFERENT SPECIES. 127 00:07:48,501 --> 00:07:52,705 {\an7}FINALLY, THERE’S OUR BRANCH, \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTHE APES, 128 00:07:52,739 --> 00:07:58,478 {\an7}\h\h\hHOME TO THE BIGGEST, BRAINIEST PRIMATES OF ALL. 129 00:07:58,511 --> 00:08:03,182 {\an7}\hTODAY, ACROSS THE WORLD, THERE ARE OVER 400 SPECIES 130 00:08:03,216 --> 00:08:07,187 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTHAT MAKE UP OUR AMAZING ANIMAL FAMILY. 131 00:08:07,220 --> 00:08:10,690 {\an7}[PRIMATES CALLING] 132 00:08:10,724 --> 00:08:13,460 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTO FIND OUT HOW THE VERY FIRST PRIMATES 133 00:08:13,493 --> 00:08:15,261 {\an7}SPREAD INTO AFRICA, 134 00:08:15,295 --> 00:08:20,267 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hWE BEGIN ON ONE OF THE OLDEST BRANCHES OF ALL. 135 00:08:23,937 --> 00:08:26,706 {\an7}AROUND 50 MILLION YEARS AGO, 136 00:08:26,740 --> 00:08:29,476 {\an7}LONG BEFORE MONKEYS \h\hAND APES AROSE, 137 00:08:29,509 --> 00:08:35,081 {\an7}PRIMATES SET FOOT IN AFRICA. 138 00:08:35,115 --> 00:08:38,952 {\an7}TODAY, THE DESCENDANTS OF THESE EARLY PIONEERS 139 00:08:38,985 --> 00:08:43,189 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hARE ONLY FOUND ON ONE VERY SPECIAL ISLAND, 140 00:08:43,223 --> 00:08:45,992 {\an7}THE ISLAND OF MADAGASCAR. 141 00:08:46,026 --> 00:08:49,963 {\an7}♪ 142 00:08:49,996 --> 00:08:51,798 {\an7}MOST OF THE ANIMALS \h\hAND PLANTS HERE 143 00:08:51,831 --> 00:08:54,133 {\an7}ARE COMPLETELY UNIQUE. 144 00:08:57,003 --> 00:09:01,975 {\an7}\h\h\h\hIN THE ARID SOUTH, WEIRD CACTUS-LIKE FORESTS 145 00:09:02,008 --> 00:09:04,244 {\an7}DOMINATE THE SCENERY. 146 00:09:06,513 --> 00:09:09,449 {\an7}IN THIS UNUSUAL SPINY LANDSCAPE 147 00:09:09,482 --> 00:09:12,685 {\an7}LIVES AN EQUALLY UNUSUAL \h\h\h\hLITTLE CHARACTER. 148 00:09:12,719 --> 00:09:15,422 {\an7}\hTHE LOCALS HERE CALL THESE BIZARRE ANIMALS 149 00:09:15,455 --> 00:09:17,257 {\an7}THE GHOSTS OF THE FOREST, 150 00:09:17,290 --> 00:09:20,193 {\an7}\h\h\h\hBECAUSE AS THE FLIT SILENTLY THROUGH THE TREES, 151 00:09:20,226 --> 00:09:22,195 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hALL YOU CATCH ARE FLEETING GLIMPSES, 152 00:09:22,228 --> 00:09:24,430 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hBUT IF YOU’RE LUCKY ENOUGH TO SEE ONE, 153 00:09:24,464 --> 00:09:26,700 {\an7}YOU’RE IN FOR ONE OF THE MOST \h\h\h\h\hFLAMBOYANT DISPLAYS 154 00:09:26,733 --> 00:09:30,470 {\an7}IN THE NATURAL WORLD. 155 00:09:30,503 --> 00:09:36,476 {\an7}\h\hTHESE GHOSTLY CREATURES ARE A TYPE OF LEMUR CALLED SIFAKAS. 156 00:09:36,509 --> 00:09:40,780 {\an7}♪ 157 00:09:40,814 --> 00:09:43,884 {\an7}THEY HAVE LONG BACK LEGS... 158 00:09:43,917 --> 00:09:48,755 {\an7}\h\h\hPOINTED SNOUTS, AND WET LITTLE NOSES. 159 00:09:48,788 --> 00:09:54,027 {\an7}THEY LEAP THROUGH THE FOREST \hWITH PINPOINT PRECISION... 160 00:09:54,060 --> 00:09:57,664 {\an7}MOST OF THE TIME. 161 00:09:57,697 --> 00:10:01,201 {\an7}BUT THESE LITTLE ACROBATS HAVE AN EVEN WEIRDER WAY 162 00:10:01,234 --> 00:10:04,370 {\an7}OF GETTING ABOUT THE FOREST. 163 00:10:04,404 --> 00:10:08,575 {\an7}♪ 164 00:10:08,608 --> 00:10:12,779 {\an7}\h\hOH, WOW. HELLO. HELLO, LITTLE GUY. 165 00:10:12,812 --> 00:10:16,783 {\an7}♪ 166 00:10:16,816 --> 00:10:19,052 {\an7}\h\h\h\hI CAN’T BELIEVE I’M THIS CLOSE TO THEM, 167 00:10:19,085 --> 00:10:22,021 {\an7}WILD, COMPLETELY WILD SIFAKAS. 168 00:10:22,055 --> 00:10:23,757 {\an7}HELLO. 169 00:10:23,790 --> 00:10:27,761 {\an7}SIFAKAS LIVE IN SMALL TROOPS, 170 00:10:27,794 --> 00:10:30,964 {\an7}USUALLY AROUND 6 INDIVIDUALS, 171 00:10:30,997 --> 00:10:34,300 {\an7}\h\h\hAND THEY GET THEIR NAME FROM THEIR DISTINCTIVE CALLS. 172 00:10:34,334 --> 00:10:41,374 {\an7}[SIFAKAS CALLING] 173 00:10:41,407 --> 00:10:44,010 {\an7}WE’VE JUST BEEN FOLLOWING \hTHIS TROOP OF SIFAKAS, 174 00:10:44,043 --> 00:10:46,045 {\an7}AND THIS ONE HERE, \hALL OF A SUDDEN, 175 00:10:46,079 --> 00:10:48,281 {\an7}IT MADE THIS SOUND-- "SHI-FAK, SHI-FAK"-- 176 00:10:48,314 --> 00:10:50,049 {\an7}AND THAT’S THE ALARM CALL, 177 00:10:50,083 --> 00:10:53,053 {\an7}AND THAT’S WHERE THEY GET \h\h\h\hTHEIR NAMES FROM. 178 00:10:53,086 --> 00:10:55,755 {\an7}[SIFAKA CALLING] 179 00:10:55,788 --> 00:10:58,391 {\an7}BUT THE MOST INCREDIBLE THING \h\h\h\h\h\hABOUT THESE GUYS 180 00:10:58,424 --> 00:11:00,660 {\an7}ISN’T THE WAY THEY SOUND. 181 00:11:00,693 --> 00:11:03,296 {\an7}IT’S THE WAY THEY MOVE. 182 00:11:06,332 --> 00:11:09,302 {\an7}\h\h\h\hESPECIALLY WHEN THEY LEAVE THE BRANCHES 183 00:11:09,335 --> 00:11:12,371 {\an7}TO CROSS OPEN GROUND... 184 00:11:12,405 --> 00:11:14,073 {\an7}♪ 185 00:11:14,107 --> 00:11:16,309 {\an7}BECAUSE SIFAKAS HAVE EVOLVED 186 00:11:16,342 --> 00:11:19,812 {\an7}ONE OF THE MOST PECULIAR WALKS \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hON EARTH. 187 00:11:19,846 --> 00:11:25,552 {\an7}♪ 188 00:11:25,585 --> 00:11:29,022 {\an7}THEIR POWERFUL HIND LEGS \h\h\h\hACT LIKE SPRINGS, 189 00:11:29,055 --> 00:11:32,759 {\an7}PROPELLING THEM FORWARD. 190 00:11:32,792 --> 00:11:36,996 {\an7}THEIR STRANGE WALK IS CALLED \h\h\h\h\hBIPEDAL GALLOPING, 191 00:11:37,030 --> 00:11:42,669 {\an7}AND THEY ARE THE ONLY MAMMALS \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTHAT DO IT. 192 00:11:42,702 --> 00:11:44,804 {\an7}IT MAY LOOK A LITTLE UNGAINLY, 193 00:11:44,837 --> 00:11:49,508 {\an7}BUT THEY CAN COVER 4 FEET \h\h\hIN A SINGLE BOUND... 194 00:11:50,944 --> 00:11:53,513 {\an7}WHICH MEANS THEY CAN \h\hQUICKLY GET BACK 195 00:11:53,546 --> 00:11:57,850 {\an7}INTO THE SAFETY OF THE TREES. 196 00:11:57,884 --> 00:12:00,854 {\an7}BUT UP HERE, THE CHALLENGES \h\h\h\h\h\hOF GETTING ABOUT 197 00:12:00,887 --> 00:12:03,757 {\an7}BECOME EVEN TRICKIER. 198 00:12:03,790 --> 00:12:07,027 {\an7}THE VERTICAL BRANCHES \hOF THE OCOTILLO TREE 199 00:12:07,060 --> 00:12:11,298 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hARE COVERED IN NEEDLE-LIKE THORNS. 200 00:12:11,331 --> 00:12:16,303 {\an7}\h\h\h\hBUT THIS IS THE SIFAKAS’ REALM. 201 00:12:16,336 --> 00:12:23,577 {\an7}UP HERE, THEY BECOME THE MOST GRACEFUL MOVERS IN THE FOREST. 202 00:12:23,610 --> 00:12:30,083 {\an7}♪ 203 00:12:30,116 --> 00:12:35,688 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hTHEY CAN LEAP 20 FEET BETWEEN BRANCHES. 204 00:12:35,722 --> 00:12:38,792 {\an7}♪ 205 00:12:38,825 --> 00:12:41,394 {\an7}\h\hTHICK LEATHERY PADS ON THEIR HANDS AND FEET 206 00:12:41,427 --> 00:12:45,031 {\an7}\h\h\hARE THOUGHT TO OFFER PROTECTION FROM THE SPIKES 207 00:12:45,064 --> 00:12:48,100 {\an7}AS THEY LAND. 208 00:12:48,134 --> 00:12:52,038 {\an7}♪ 209 00:12:52,071 --> 00:12:54,073 {\an7}THIS IS AN AERIAL BALLET 210 00:12:54,107 --> 00:12:59,379 {\an7}SEEN ONLY IN THE ANCIENT FORESTS OF MADAGASCAR. 211 00:12:59,412 --> 00:13:09,088 {\an7}♪ 212 00:13:09,122 --> 00:13:12,092 {\an7}SIFAKAS ARE JUST ONE OF OVER A HUNDRED DIFFERENT SPECIES 213 00:13:12,125 --> 00:13:15,829 {\an7}OF LEMUR IN MADAGASCAR. 214 00:13:15,862 --> 00:13:19,366 {\an7}MOST LIVE IN THE TREES, 215 00:13:19,399 --> 00:13:22,002 {\an7}\h\h\hBUT THERE’S ONE UNUSUAL LITTLE LEMUR 216 00:13:22,035 --> 00:13:24,571 {\an7}THAT PATROLS THE FOREST FLOOR, 217 00:13:24,604 --> 00:13:29,175 {\an7}AND THEY CAN BE RECOGNIZED \h\h\h\hBY A TELLTALE SIGN. 218 00:13:29,208 --> 00:13:37,183 {\an7}[LEMURS SQUEAKING] 219 00:13:37,216 --> 00:13:42,054 {\an7}♪ 220 00:13:42,088 --> 00:13:43,089 {\an7}[SQUEAKING] 221 00:13:43,122 --> 00:13:46,692 {\an7}RING-TAILED LEMURS, 222 00:13:46,726 --> 00:13:50,830 {\an7}\h\h\hTHE GANGSTERS OF THE LEMUR WORLD. 223 00:13:50,863 --> 00:13:53,366 {\an7}THESE HARDY LITTLE BANDITS 224 00:13:53,399 --> 00:13:56,769 {\an7}SPEND MOST OF THEIR TIME \h\h\h\h\hON THE GROUND. 225 00:13:56,803 --> 00:14:01,074 {\an7}THEY LIVE IN FEISTY GROUPS \h\h\hOF UP TO 30 MEMBERS, 226 00:14:01,107 --> 00:14:04,310 {\an7}\h\hAND THEY CAN BE HIGHLY TERRITORIAL. 227 00:14:04,344 --> 00:14:10,483 {\an7}[SCREECHING AND SQUEALING] 228 00:14:10,516 --> 00:14:14,754 {\an7}BUT IT’S NOT THE MALES \hTHAT LEAD THE TROOP, 229 00:14:14,787 --> 00:14:16,889 {\an7}IT’S THE FEMALES. 230 00:14:16,923 --> 00:14:19,392 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 231 00:14:19,425 --> 00:14:23,162 {\an7}THEY’LL CHASE OFF RIVALS AND DEFEND THEIR TURF... 232 00:14:23,196 --> 00:14:27,600 {\an7}♪ 233 00:14:27,633 --> 00:14:31,871 {\an7}ALL WHILE CARRYING BABIES \h\h\h\h\hON THEIR BACKS. 234 00:14:31,904 --> 00:14:35,808 {\an7}[SQUEAKING] 235 00:14:35,842 --> 00:14:39,612 {\an7}♪ 236 00:14:39,645 --> 00:14:42,848 {\an7}THE FEMALES IN THESE TROOPS \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hARE SO CLOSE 237 00:14:42,882 --> 00:14:47,620 {\an7}THEY EVEN COINCIDE THEIR PREGNANCIES. 238 00:14:47,653 --> 00:14:52,091 {\an7}\h\h\h\hSO THEY ALL GIVE BIRTH AT EXACTLY THE SAME TIME EACH YEAR, 239 00:14:52,125 --> 00:14:57,097 {\an7}WHEN FOOD IS MOST PLENTIFUL. 240 00:14:57,130 --> 00:14:59,065 {\an7}\h\hFOR THE FIRST COUPLE OF MONTHS, 241 00:14:59,098 --> 00:15:02,401 {\an7}\hTHEIR TINY OFFSPRING GET A PIGGYBACK RIDE, 242 00:15:02,435 --> 00:15:04,070 {\an7}BUT THERE COMES A TIME 243 00:15:04,103 --> 00:15:07,840 {\an7}WHEN THEY HAVE TO FIND \h\h\h\hTHEIR OWN FEET. 244 00:15:07,874 --> 00:15:11,177 {\an7}♪ 245 00:15:11,210 --> 00:15:16,382 {\an7}\h\h\hTHIS YOUNGSTER THINKS HE’S READY TO GO IT ALONE, 246 00:15:16,416 --> 00:15:18,685 {\an7}BUT HIS FIRST STEPS \h\h\hIN THE TREES 247 00:15:18,718 --> 00:15:21,854 {\an7}PROVE TO BE PRECARIOUS. 248 00:15:27,627 --> 00:15:30,130 {\an7}[SQUEAKING] 249 00:15:38,638 --> 00:15:40,640 {\an7}UNDER MUM’S WATCHFUL EYE, 250 00:15:40,673 --> 00:15:45,077 {\an7}OUR YOUNG EXPLORER SOON GETS \h\h\hA LITTLE MORE DARING. 251 00:15:45,111 --> 00:15:46,512 {\an7}[SQUEAKING] 252 00:15:54,287 --> 00:15:58,825 {\an7}\hAND WHEN HE’S DONE, HE CAN ALWAYS JUMP ONTO MUM’S BACK. 253 00:15:58,858 --> 00:16:01,060 {\an7}[SQUEAKS] 254 00:16:01,093 --> 00:16:05,230 {\an7}\h\h\h\hYOUNG LEMURS NEED TO GROW UP FAST. 255 00:16:05,264 --> 00:16:07,666 {\an7}MALES USUALLY LEAVE THE TROOP 256 00:16:07,700 --> 00:16:10,403 {\an7}WHEN THEY’RE JUST \hA FEW YEARS OLD, 257 00:16:10,436 --> 00:16:14,974 {\an7}\h\h\hBUT YOUNG FEMALES STAY IN THE SAME TROOP FOR LIFE. 258 00:16:15,007 --> 00:16:17,476 {\an7}AND IF THEY’RE STRONG \h\h\h\hAND HEALTHY, 259 00:16:17,510 --> 00:16:21,280 {\an7}\h\h\h\hTHEY COULD GROW UP TO BE LEADER OF THE PACK. 260 00:16:21,314 --> 00:16:23,683 {\an7}LEMURS MIGHT NOT BE THE BIGGEST, 261 00:16:23,716 --> 00:16:27,353 {\an7}BUT THEY ARE FANTASTICALLY HARDY LITTLE ANIMALS. 262 00:16:27,386 --> 00:16:31,223 {\an7}\h\h\hTHEY ARE THE ONLY MEMBER OF THE NON-HUMAN PRIMATE FAMILY 263 00:16:31,257 --> 00:16:35,228 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hTO MAKE IT TO THIS REMOTE ISLAND. 264 00:16:35,261 --> 00:16:37,697 {\an7}\h\h\h\hISOLATED HERE FOR 50 MILLION YEARS, 265 00:16:37,730 --> 00:16:39,465 {\an7}THEY’VE BEEN ABLE TO THRIVE, 266 00:16:39,499 --> 00:16:41,201 {\an7}\h\h\hBECAUSE BACK ON MAINLAND AFRICA, 267 00:16:41,234 --> 00:16:42,702 {\an7}THINGS WERE CHANGING. 268 00:16:42,735 --> 00:16:44,704 {\an7}A NEW CHAPTER WAS UNFOLDING 269 00:16:44,737 --> 00:16:46,973 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hTHAT WOULD CHANGE THE PRIMATE FAMILY FOREVER. 270 00:16:47,006 --> 00:16:48,975 {\an7}[PRIMATES CALLING] 271 00:16:49,008 --> 00:16:51,978 {\an7}ON OUR PRIMATE FAMILY TREE, 272 00:16:52,011 --> 00:16:57,183 {\an7}\hNEW SPECIES WERE EVOLVING AND FILLING UP THE BRANCHES. 273 00:16:57,216 --> 00:17:01,687 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hLEMURS OCCUPIED ONE OF THE OLDEST BRANCHES, 274 00:17:01,721 --> 00:17:07,193 {\an7}\h\h\h\hBUT THEIR NOISY NEIGHBORS THE MONKEYS WERE GAINING GROUND, 275 00:17:07,226 --> 00:17:11,030 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hSPREADING ONTO THE GREAT PLAINS OF AFRICA. 276 00:17:11,063 --> 00:17:14,199 {\an7}[MONKEYS CALLING] 277 00:17:14,233 --> 00:17:17,703 {\an7}HERE, THEY WOULD GROW \hBIGGER AND STRONGER 278 00:17:17,737 --> 00:17:20,707 {\an7}THAN ANYWHERE ELSE \h\hON THE PLANET. 279 00:17:20,740 --> 00:17:23,443 {\an7}[PRIMATES CALLING] 280 00:17:26,279 --> 00:17:28,782 {\an7}AROUND 10 MILLION YEARS AGO, 281 00:17:28,814 --> 00:17:33,252 {\an7}THE CLIMATE ACROSS AFRICA \h\h\hBEGAN TO DRY OUT... 282 00:17:33,286 --> 00:17:35,755 {\an7}♪ 283 00:17:35,788 --> 00:17:40,226 {\an7}\hOPENING UP VAST, EXPANSIVE SAVANNA. 284 00:17:40,259 --> 00:17:44,230 {\an7}\h\hFOR THE PRIMATE FAMILY, THIS BROUGHT NEW CHALLENGES 285 00:17:44,263 --> 00:17:47,600 {\an7}AND DANGERS. 286 00:17:47,633 --> 00:17:53,439 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hOUT HERE, THERE WAS NOWHERE TO HIDE FROM PREDATORS. 287 00:17:53,472 --> 00:17:55,774 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hTO CONQUER THESE HAZARDOUS PLAINS, 288 00:17:55,808 --> 00:17:59,011 {\an7}MONKEYS WOULD HAVE TO ORGANIZE THEIR TROOPS 289 00:17:59,045 --> 00:18:02,315 {\an7}WITH MILITARY PRECISION. 290 00:18:02,348 --> 00:18:05,751 {\an7}I’M ON MY WAY TO MEET A GROUP \hOF VERY MISCHIEVOUS MONKEYS 291 00:18:05,785 --> 00:18:08,254 {\an7}\h\h\h\hTHAT THRIVE OUT ON THESE PLAINS, 292 00:18:08,287 --> 00:18:11,223 {\an7}AND TO SURVIVE OUT HERE, \hTHEY’VE EVOLVED TO LIVE 293 00:18:11,257 --> 00:18:13,259 {\an7}IN SOME OF THE BIGGEST, \h\hMOST COMPLEX GROUPS 294 00:18:13,292 --> 00:18:14,994 {\an7}OF ANY PRIMATE. 295 00:18:15,027 --> 00:18:17,263 {\an7}\h\hAND TO FIND OUT HOW SO MANY MONKEYS 296 00:18:17,296 --> 00:18:19,265 {\an7}CAN LIVE IN SUCH CLOSE PROXIMITY, 297 00:18:19,298 --> 00:18:22,601 {\an7}\h\h\hI’M HOPING TO GET RIGHT INSIDE THE TROOP. 298 00:18:26,038 --> 00:18:28,507 {\an7}[GRUNTING] 299 00:18:28,541 --> 00:18:31,444 {\an7}CHACMA BABOONS. 300 00:18:33,045 --> 00:18:36,615 {\an7}THESE GUYS ARE THE MOST AT HOME \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hON THE GROUND. 301 00:18:39,085 --> 00:18:42,055 {\an7}THEY ROAM THE SAVANNA \hIN SPRAWLING TROOPS 302 00:18:42,088 --> 00:18:45,758 {\an7}THAT REACH UP TO 80 STRONG. 303 00:18:45,791 --> 00:18:50,562 {\an7}THIS TROOP IN SOUTHERN NAMIBIA \hIS MADE UP OF YOUNG ORPHANS. 304 00:18:50,596 --> 00:18:52,965 {\an7}♪ 305 00:18:52,999 --> 00:18:54,767 {\an7}THEY’RE USED TO HUMANS 306 00:18:54,800 --> 00:18:58,771 {\an7}BUT STILL INTERACT VERY MUCH \h\h\h\h\hLIKE A WILD TROOP, 307 00:18:58,804 --> 00:19:03,776 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hAND THAT MEANS PLENTY OF MONKEYING AROUND. 308 00:19:03,809 --> 00:19:05,711 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 309 00:19:05,745 --> 00:19:09,449 {\an7}LIKE BOISTEROUS CHILDREN ON THE SCHOOL PLAYGROUND, 310 00:19:09,482 --> 00:19:12,251 {\an7}THERE ARE ALL SORTS \h\h\hOF HIJINKS... 311 00:19:12,284 --> 00:19:13,285 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 312 00:19:13,319 --> 00:19:16,222 {\an7}FROM TUSSLES ON THE TREETOP... 313 00:19:16,255 --> 00:19:19,992 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 314 00:19:21,260 --> 00:19:22,261 {\an7}[CLAPS] 315 00:19:24,797 --> 00:19:27,800 {\an7}TO ENDLESS ROUGHHOUSING. 316 00:19:27,833 --> 00:19:36,075 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 317 00:19:36,108 --> 00:19:38,477 {\an7}IT APPEARS FUN, 318 00:19:38,511 --> 00:19:42,682 {\an7}BUT THERE’S MORE TO THIS CHAOS \h\h\h\h\hTHAN MEETS THE EYE. 319 00:19:42,715 --> 00:19:44,750 {\an7}ON FIRST GLANCE, IT MIGHT SEEM 320 00:19:44,784 --> 00:19:46,753 {\an7}LIKE THEY’RE ALL BEST OF FRIENDS, 321 00:19:46,786 --> 00:19:50,256 {\an7}\h\h\h\hBUT THE TRUTH IS THAT NO TWO BABOONS ARE BORN EQUAL. 322 00:19:50,289 --> 00:19:53,759 {\an7}\hIN EVERY TROOP, THERE’S A VERY STRICT HIERARCHY, 323 00:19:53,793 --> 00:19:55,762 {\an7}THE HAVES AND THE HAVE-NOTS. 324 00:19:55,795 --> 00:19:58,765 {\an7}\h\hAND THAT STATUS QUO IS RUTHLESSLY ENFORCED 325 00:19:58,798 --> 00:20:01,401 {\an7}BY THE MORE DOMINANT MEMBERS \h\h\h\h\h\h\hOF THE TROOP. 326 00:20:01,434 --> 00:20:03,002 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 327 00:20:03,035 --> 00:20:05,237 {\an7}MALES SPEND MOST OF THEIR LIVES 328 00:20:05,271 --> 00:20:08,274 {\an7}FIGHTING THEIR WAY \h\hUP THE RANKS. 329 00:20:08,307 --> 00:20:13,012 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hBUT FOR FEMALES, IT’S A DIFFERENT STORY... 330 00:20:13,045 --> 00:20:14,780 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 331 00:20:14,814 --> 00:20:18,484 {\an7}BECAUSE EVERY FEMALE IS BORN WITH A RANK, 332 00:20:18,517 --> 00:20:22,988 {\an7}\h\h\hA RANK THAT USUALLY STAYS WITH HER FOR LIFE. 333 00:20:23,022 --> 00:20:25,191 {\an7}IN THIS TROOP, 334 00:20:25,224 --> 00:20:27,993 {\an7}ONE WAY THE PECKING ORDER \h\h\h\h\h\hSHOWS ITSELF 335 00:20:28,027 --> 00:20:31,998 {\an7}IS IN WHO GETS TO HOLD \h\h\h\h\h\hTHE BABIES. 336 00:20:32,031 --> 00:20:35,401 {\an7}♪ 337 00:20:35,434 --> 00:20:39,104 {\an7}THIS LITTLE 6-WEEK-OLD ORPHAN 338 00:20:39,138 --> 00:20:43,576 {\an7}\h\h\h\hHAS RECENTLY BEEN INTRODUCED TO THE GROUP. 339 00:20:43,743 --> 00:20:46,379 {\an7}\h\h\h\hALL THE FEMALES WANT TO PLAY WITH HIM. 340 00:20:46,412 --> 00:20:52,118 {\an7}BUT WITH SO MUCH COMPETITION, IT COMES DOWN TO PULLING RANK. 341 00:20:52,151 --> 00:20:57,790 {\an7}IT’S NOT SO MUCH BABY-SITTING-- \h\h\h\h\h\hMORE BABY-STEALING. 342 00:20:57,823 --> 00:21:02,695 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 343 00:21:02,728 --> 00:21:08,701 {\an7}♪ 344 00:21:08,734 --> 00:21:11,770 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 345 00:21:11,804 --> 00:21:15,775 {\an7}BUT IT’S THE HIGHEST-RANKING \h\h\hFEMALE WHO ULTIMATELY 346 00:21:15,808 --> 00:21:18,477 {\an7}WINS THE BATTLE FOR BABY. 347 00:21:21,280 --> 00:21:26,252 {\an7}\hALL THIS ATTENTION IS QUITE EXHAUSTING. 348 00:21:26,285 --> 00:21:28,287 {\an7}[YAWNS] 349 00:21:28,320 --> 00:21:34,760 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 350 00:21:34,794 --> 00:21:38,431 {\an7}THE PECKING ORDER IN THIS TROOP \h\hIS CONSTANTLY BEING TESTED. 351 00:21:38,464 --> 00:21:44,437 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 352 00:21:44,470 --> 00:21:48,274 {\an7}BUT THE BABOONS AT THE TOP \h\h\h\hSHOULD ALWAYS WIN. 353 00:21:48,307 --> 00:21:52,778 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 354 00:21:52,812 --> 00:21:56,282 {\an7}I WANT TO PUT THIS STRICT \hHIERARCHY TO THE TEST, 355 00:21:56,315 --> 00:21:58,284 {\an7}SO I’M ENLISTING THE HELP 356 00:21:58,317 --> 00:22:02,254 {\an7}\hOF CONSERVATIONIST MARLISSE VAN VURREN. 357 00:22:02,288 --> 00:22:04,757 {\an7}SHE RAISED THESE ORPHAN BABOONS 358 00:22:04,790 --> 00:22:07,493 {\an7}AND KNOWS THE INNER WORKINGS \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOF THE TROOP 359 00:22:07,526 --> 00:22:09,928 {\an7}BETTER THAN ANYONE ELSE. 360 00:22:12,331 --> 00:22:14,099 {\an7}SO WE KNOW THEY LIKE TO PLAY WITH BABIES. 361 00:22:14,133 --> 00:22:16,602 {\an7}\h\h\h\hAND WHAT ABOUT NEW OBJECTS AND TOYS? 362 00:22:16,635 --> 00:22:19,071 {\an7}Marlisse: WELL, IF IT’S NOT SOMETHING NATURAL, YOU KNOW, 363 00:22:19,104 --> 00:22:21,406 {\an7}A FOOD THAT THEY FOUND OR SOMETHING LIKE THAT, 364 00:22:21,507 --> 00:22:24,310 {\an7}THEN IT’S POWER, WHO ENDS UP \h\h\h\hON THE END WITH IT, 365 00:22:24,343 --> 00:22:27,713 {\an7}UM, AND THE WINNER NORMALLY \h\h\h\h\hIS THE HIERARCHY, 366 00:22:27,746 --> 00:22:29,248 {\an7}THE TOP OF THE GROUP, 367 00:22:29,281 --> 00:22:31,250 {\an7}AND THERE’S ONE FEMALE \h\h\h\hIN THIS GROUP, 368 00:22:31,283 --> 00:22:33,452 {\an7}AND HER NAME IS KLICKI, \h\h\hAND SHE WILL PUSH 369 00:22:33,485 --> 00:22:35,454 {\an7}AND MAKE SURE SHE HAS IT. \h\h\h\h\h\h\hSO SHE’LL-- 370 00:22:35,487 --> 00:22:37,189 {\an7}THERE’S NO GRAY AREAS. 371 00:22:37,223 --> 00:22:39,192 {\an7}\h\hSHE’LL BEAT THEM UP IF SHE DOESN’T GET IT. 372 00:22:39,225 --> 00:22:40,793 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hPatrick: PERFECT. I WANT TO SEE THIS IN ACTION. 373 00:22:40,826 --> 00:22:42,194 {\an7}NOW, I’VE BROUGHT \hA TOY FOR THEM. 374 00:22:42,228 --> 00:22:43,262 {\an7}Marlisse: OK. 375 00:22:43,295 --> 00:22:44,696 {\an7}Patrick: IT’S A LITTLE CAMERA. 376 00:22:44,730 --> 00:22:46,198 {\an7}SO THIS IS, LIKE YOU SAID, 377 00:22:46,232 --> 00:22:47,633 {\an7}\hSOMETHING WHICH THEY NORMALLY WOULDN’T SEE. 378 00:22:47,666 --> 00:22:49,468 {\an7}SO THE HOPE IS, REALLY, \h\h\h\hWE’LL GIVE THIS 379 00:22:49,501 --> 00:22:51,470 {\an7}TO ONE OF THE LOW-RANKING \h\hMEMBERS OF THE TROOP, 380 00:22:51,503 --> 00:22:53,238 {\an7}\h\hAND IT WILL KIND OF WORK ITS WAY UP THE PECKING ORDER 381 00:22:53,272 --> 00:22:54,673 {\an7}UNTIL IT GETS TO KLICKI. 382 00:22:54,707 --> 00:22:56,909 {\an7}Marlisse: YEAH. \h\h\hLET’S SEE. 383 00:22:56,942 --> 00:22:58,510 {\an7}Patrick: SO, WHO SHOULD WE \h\h\h\h\hGIVE IT TO FIRST? 384 00:22:58,544 --> 00:23:01,213 {\an7}\h\hMarlisse: HEY, GIVE IT TO THIS ONE COMING TO YOU. 385 00:23:01,247 --> 00:23:03,249 {\an7}[GROANING] 386 00:23:03,282 --> 00:23:06,185 {\an7}Patrick: HERE YOU GO. LOOK. PLAY WITH THIS. 387 00:23:06,218 --> 00:23:08,454 {\an7}DON’T BITE IT, THOUGH. 388 00:23:08,487 --> 00:23:13,892 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hTHIS IS BOBBY. HE’S A LOW-RANKING MALE, 389 00:23:13,926 --> 00:23:15,961 {\an7}WHICH SHOULD MEAN \h\h\h\hTHE CAMERA 390 00:23:15,995 --> 00:23:19,232 {\an7}IS QUICKLY PASSED UP THE HIERARCHY. 391 00:23:21,000 --> 00:23:24,871 {\an7}AT FIRST, NO ONE ELSE \h\hSEEMS INTERESTED, 392 00:23:24,904 --> 00:23:29,242 {\an7}\h\h\hAND BOBBY WANTS TO KEEP IT THAT WAY. 393 00:23:29,275 --> 00:23:31,477 {\an7}SO ACTUALLY, HE’S PLAYING \h\h\hA VERY CLEVER GAME. 394 00:23:31,510 --> 00:23:33,479 {\an7}\hHE’S MAKING SURE HE’S KEEPING AN EYE 395 00:23:33,512 --> 00:23:35,481 {\an7}ON ALL THE DOMINANT MALES, \hALL THE DOMINANT FEMALES, 396 00:23:35,514 --> 00:23:40,452 {\an7}\h\h\hAND JUST KEEPING JUST ENOUGH DISTANCE. 397 00:23:40,486 --> 00:23:42,188 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 398 00:23:42,221 --> 00:23:44,156 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hWHEN THE OTHERS START GETTING INTERESTED, 399 00:23:44,189 --> 00:23:48,193 {\an7}BOBBY TAKES TO THE TREES. 400 00:23:48,227 --> 00:23:51,363 {\an7}♪ 401 00:23:51,397 --> 00:23:56,235 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 402 00:23:56,268 --> 00:23:58,237 {\an7}SO FAR, SO GOOD. 403 00:23:58,270 --> 00:24:00,706 {\an7}Marlisse: HERE HE COMES. \h\h\h\hHE STILL HAS IT. 404 00:24:00,739 --> 00:24:03,709 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hAND LOOK AT HIM. HE’S VERY PROUD OF HIMSELF. 405 00:24:03,742 --> 00:24:06,478 {\an7}♪ 406 00:24:06,512 --> 00:24:09,248 {\an7}Patrick: BUT THEN KLICKI, \h\h\hTHE DOMINANT FEMALE, 407 00:24:09,281 --> 00:24:12,251 {\an7}STAKES HER CLAIM ON THIS NEW TOY. 408 00:24:12,284 --> 00:24:16,955 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 409 00:24:16,989 --> 00:24:20,459 {\an7}AH, HERE WE GO. LOOK. \hNOW THEY’RE CHASING. 410 00:24:20,492 --> 00:24:28,233 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 411 00:24:28,267 --> 00:24:30,202 {\an7}BECAUSE OF HER HIGH RANK, 412 00:24:30,235 --> 00:24:33,205 {\an7}SHE THINKS THE CAMERA \hIS RIGHTFULLY HERS, 413 00:24:33,238 --> 00:24:36,074 {\an7}AND KLICKI IS PREPARED \h\h\hTO FIGHT FOR IT. 414 00:24:36,108 --> 00:24:38,711 {\an7}[MARLISSE SHOUTS] 415 00:24:38,744 --> 00:24:42,248 {\an7}[BABOONS SCREECHING] 416 00:24:42,281 --> 00:24:44,483 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hPatrick: JUST AS MARLISSE PREDICTED, 417 00:24:44,516 --> 00:24:49,221 {\an7}KLICKI, THE HIGH-RANKING FEMALE, GETS WHAT SHE WANTS. 418 00:24:49,254 --> 00:24:53,425 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 419 00:24:53,459 --> 00:24:58,464 {\an7}POOR BOBBY HAS BEEN PUT \hFIRMLY IN HIS PLACE, 420 00:24:58,497 --> 00:25:02,968 {\an7}PROVING THAT HIERARCHY \h\h\h\hIS EVERYTHING. 421 00:25:03,002 --> 00:25:07,240 {\an7}♪ 422 00:25:07,272 --> 00:25:09,708 {\an7}WITH ALL THIS INFIGHTING, 423 00:25:09,742 --> 00:25:13,479 {\an7}BABOON SOCIETY MIGHT SEEM TOUGH, 424 00:25:13,512 --> 00:25:17,182 {\an7}ESPECIALLY IF YOU’RE \h\h\hA LOW-RANKER. 425 00:25:17,216 --> 00:25:21,987 {\an7}♪ 426 00:25:22,021 --> 00:25:24,991 {\an7}BUT CHACMA BABOONS, LIKE MANY MONKEYS, 427 00:25:25,024 --> 00:25:27,760 {\an7}HAVE A WAY OF KEEPING \h\h\h\h\hTHE PEACE-- 428 00:25:27,793 --> 00:25:31,030 {\an7}GROOMING. 429 00:25:31,063 --> 00:25:35,100 {\an7}THEY SPEND SEVERAL HOURS A DAY \h\h\h\hPAMPERING EACH OTHER. 430 00:25:37,102 --> 00:25:39,805 {\an7}FOR ALL THEIR NITPICKING, 431 00:25:39,838 --> 00:25:42,274 {\an7}LOWER-RANKING BABOONS \h\hCAN FORM ALLIANCES 432 00:25:42,307 --> 00:25:45,277 {\an7}WITH THOSE OF HIGHER STATUS. 433 00:25:49,014 --> 00:25:52,050 {\an7}WHEN MONKEYS MOVED OUT OF THE FORESTS 434 00:25:52,084 --> 00:25:54,053 {\an7}ONTO THE OPEN PLAINS, 435 00:25:54,086 --> 00:25:58,290 {\an7}LIVING IN LARGER GROUPS \h\h\h\hWAS ESSENTIAL. 436 00:25:58,323 --> 00:26:01,059 {\an7}WITH NOWHERE TO HIDE \h\h\hFROM PREDATORS, 437 00:26:01,093 --> 00:26:04,597 {\an7}MANY EYES WERE NEEDED \hTO SCAN FOR DANGERS 438 00:26:04,630 --> 00:26:07,099 {\an7}AND SEARCH FOR FOOD. 439 00:26:07,132 --> 00:26:11,036 {\an7}♪ 440 00:26:11,070 --> 00:26:13,072 {\an7}[BABY BABOON WHINING] 441 00:26:13,105 --> 00:26:17,476 {\an7}\hCHACMA BABOONS LIVE IN ONE OF THE MOST COMPLEX SOCIETIES 442 00:26:17,509 --> 00:26:20,412 {\an7}OF ANY PRIMATE. 443 00:26:22,314 --> 00:26:26,385 {\an7}BUT SOME OF THEIR CLOSE COUSINS \h\h\h\h\hWILL TAKE TROOP LIFE 444 00:26:26,418 --> 00:26:29,288 {\an7}TO A WHOLE NEW LEVEL. 445 00:26:29,321 --> 00:26:31,323 {\an7}[BARKS] 446 00:26:36,829 --> 00:26:42,034 {\an7}THE SIMIEN MOUNTAINS, \h\h\h\h\h\hETHIOPIA. 447 00:26:42,067 --> 00:26:46,071 {\an7}♪ 448 00:26:46,338 --> 00:26:50,042 {\an7}RISING TO NEARLY 3 MILES \h\h\h\hABOVE SEA LEVEL, 449 00:26:50,075 --> 00:26:55,080 {\an7}THIS IS THE ROOF OF AFRICA 450 00:26:55,114 --> 00:27:01,921 {\an7}AND HOME TO PERHAPS THE MOST \h\hMAJESTIC OF ALL MONKEYS, 451 00:27:01,954 --> 00:27:03,856 {\an7}THE GELADA. 452 00:27:03,889 --> 00:27:15,768 {\an7}♪ 453 00:27:15,801 --> 00:27:20,339 {\an7}\hTODAY, THEY’RE ONLY FOUND IN THESE VERDANT HIGHLANDS. 454 00:27:20,506 --> 00:27:22,575 {\an7}[GELADAS CALLING] 455 00:27:22,608 --> 00:27:26,879 {\an7}\hGELADAS SPEND THEIR NIGHTS ON THE STEEP, ROCKY SLOPES, 456 00:27:26,912 --> 00:27:29,648 {\an7}OUT OF REACH OF PREDATORS, 457 00:27:29,681 --> 00:27:34,486 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hAND EVERY MORNING, THEY CLAMBER UP TO THE SUMMIT. 458 00:27:34,520 --> 00:27:38,057 {\an7}♪ 459 00:27:38,090 --> 00:27:43,062 {\an7}\h\h\h\hTHE MALES HAVE LUXURIANT GOLDEN LOCKS 460 00:27:43,095 --> 00:27:46,799 {\an7}AND DEEP RED MARKINGS \h\h\hON THEIR CHESTS. 461 00:27:46,832 --> 00:27:50,302 {\an7}MOST SURPRISING, WHEN THEY YAWN, 462 00:27:50,335 --> 00:27:53,705 {\an7}THEY REVEAL THESE. 463 00:27:56,108 --> 00:28:01,080 {\an7}TEETH LIKE THIS ARE USUALLY ONLY SEEN IN TOP PREDATORS. 464 00:28:01,113 --> 00:28:03,115 {\an7}[YAWNING] 465 00:28:04,516 --> 00:28:09,254 {\an7}\h\h\h\hBUT THESE GUYS ARE MOSTLY VEGETARIAN. 466 00:28:09,288 --> 00:28:12,358 {\an7}\h\h\hSO WHY ARE THEY SO LONG IN THE TOOTH? 467 00:28:12,391 --> 00:28:13,792 {\an7}[SCREECH] 468 00:28:13,825 --> 00:28:19,731 {\an7}WELL, IT’S PARTLY DUE \h\hTO SHEER NUMBERS. 469 00:28:19,765 --> 00:28:24,903 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 470 00:28:24,937 --> 00:28:33,212 {\an7}GELADAS LIVE IN MEGA-TROOPS OF UP TO 1,200 INDIVIDUALS. 471 00:28:33,245 --> 00:28:39,351 {\an7}EVERY MORNING, THEY MOVE AS ONE \h\h\hACROSS THE HIGH PLATEAUS 472 00:28:39,384 --> 00:28:42,587 {\an7}IN SEARCH OF FRESH \hFEEDING GROUNDS, 473 00:28:42,621 --> 00:28:45,791 {\an7}THE MASS MARCH OF THE MONKEYS. 474 00:28:48,227 --> 00:28:50,029 {\an7}BUT WHEN THEY STOP TO FEED, 475 00:28:50,062 --> 00:28:52,665 {\an7}YOU NOTICE THIS HUGE CROWD 476 00:28:52,698 --> 00:28:58,304 {\an7}\h\hIS MADE UP OF MANY SMALLER FAMILY GROUPS. 477 00:29:01,139 --> 00:29:05,110 {\an7}EACH ONE HAS A MALE, \h\hSEVERAL FEMALES, 478 00:29:05,143 --> 00:29:07,245 {\an7}AND THEIR BABIES. 479 00:29:07,279 --> 00:29:10,082 {\an7}[SQUEAKING] 480 00:29:10,115 --> 00:29:13,352 {\an7}THEY SPEND THEIR DAYS FEEDING \h\h\h\hON FRESH GRASS SHOOTS 481 00:29:13,385 --> 00:29:16,088 {\an7}AND PLAYING AROUND. 482 00:29:16,121 --> 00:29:18,090 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 483 00:29:18,123 --> 00:29:22,160 {\an7}IT SEEMS A PEACEFUL LIFE. 484 00:29:22,194 --> 00:29:27,499 {\an7}BUT THERE’S TROUBLE \h\hON THE HORIZON. 485 00:29:27,532 --> 00:29:31,669 {\an7}GANGS OF BACHELOR MALES \h\h\h\h\h\h\hWATCH ON. 486 00:29:35,173 --> 00:29:40,412 {\an7}LIKE TROUBLESOME TEENAGERS, \h\h\h\h\hTHEY WAKE UP LATE 487 00:29:40,445 --> 00:29:44,182 {\an7}AND SPEND THEIR DAYS PLOTTING. 488 00:29:44,216 --> 00:29:47,853 {\an7}THEIR AIM IS TO CHALLENGE \h\h\h\hTHE RESIDENT MALES 489 00:29:47,886 --> 00:29:50,722 {\an7}AND WIN CONTROL OF A HAREM. 490 00:29:50,822 --> 00:29:55,093 {\an7}♪ 491 00:29:55,127 --> 00:29:59,031 {\an7}THEY BEGIN TO CLOSE IN \h\h\hON THEIR TARGET, 492 00:29:59,064 --> 00:30:02,601 {\an7}\h\h\h\hSINGLING OUT ONE INDIVIDUAL MALE. 493 00:30:05,270 --> 00:30:09,708 {\an7}\hBUT DOWN BELOW, HE KNOWS EXACTLY WHAT THEY’RE UP TO. 494 00:30:11,877 --> 00:30:14,513 {\an7}IT’S A GELADA STANDOFF. 495 00:30:14,546 --> 00:30:18,617 {\an7}♪ 496 00:30:18,650 --> 00:30:24,356 {\an7}\hBOTH SIDES WANT TO APPEAR AS THREATENING AS POSSIBLE. 497 00:30:24,456 --> 00:30:28,260 {\an7}\h\h\hTHIS IS WHERE THOSE TEETH COME IN. 498 00:30:28,293 --> 00:30:38,203 {\an7}♪ 499 00:30:38,236 --> 00:30:41,973 {\an7}THE BIG RESIDENT MALE \h\h\hLEAVES HIS HAREM 500 00:30:42,007 --> 00:30:44,543 {\an7}AND APPROACHES THE GANG. 501 00:30:47,379 --> 00:30:51,917 {\an7}\hHE NEEDS TO SHOW THEM WHO’S BOSS AROUND HERE. 502 00:30:51,950 --> 00:31:02,594 {\an7}♪ 503 00:31:02,694 --> 00:31:07,799 {\an7}THE ODDS ARE STACKED AGAINST HIM, 6 TO 1. 504 00:31:07,833 --> 00:31:14,873 {\an7}♪ 505 00:31:14,906 --> 00:31:23,014 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 506 00:31:26,184 --> 00:31:29,087 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 507 00:31:29,121 --> 00:31:32,157 {\an7}HE SEEMS FEARLESS, 508 00:31:32,190 --> 00:31:36,828 {\an7}BUT WHAT’S SURPRISING IS WHAT HAPPENS NEXT. 509 00:31:36,962 --> 00:31:39,131 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 510 00:31:39,164 --> 00:31:43,368 {\an7}HE TURNS AND SCAMPERS. 511 00:31:43,468 --> 00:31:47,706 {\an7}BUT THIS ISN’T COWARDICE. 512 00:31:47,739 --> 00:31:51,409 {\an7}IT’S A PLANNED TACTIC TO SHOW \hTHOSE YOUNG WHIPPERSNAPPERS 513 00:31:51,443 --> 00:31:53,211 {\an7}WHO’S GOT THE MOST STAMINA. 514 00:31:53,311 --> 00:31:58,683 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 515 00:31:58,717 --> 00:32:02,421 {\an7}AND THEY QUICKLY TIRE. 516 00:32:02,454 --> 00:32:06,325 {\an7}THE BACHELOR BOYS ARE DEFEATED, 517 00:32:06,358 --> 00:32:09,461 {\an7}BUT THEY’LL BE BACK TOMORROW, 518 00:32:09,494 --> 00:32:16,067 {\an7}\h\h\h\hAND OUR RESIDENT MALE RETURNS TO HIS FAMILY A HERO. 519 00:32:16,234 --> 00:32:20,538 {\an7}\h\h\h\hIN GELADA MEGA-TROOPS WITH MORE THAN 1,000 MONKEYS, 520 00:32:20,639 --> 00:32:23,976 {\an7}\h\h\hMALES NEED A WAY TO SCARE OFF RIVALS... 521 00:32:24,075 --> 00:32:26,945 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 522 00:32:26,978 --> 00:32:31,015 {\an7}AND KEEP THEIR FAMILIES SAFE. 523 00:32:31,049 --> 00:32:34,119 {\an7}\h\hAND THAT’S WHY THESE VEGETARIANS 524 00:32:34,152 --> 00:32:38,156 {\an7}\h\h\hHAVE EVOLVED THOSE FEROCIOUS-LOOKING FANGS. 525 00:32:38,190 --> 00:32:40,392 {\an7}[YAWNING] 526 00:32:42,394 --> 00:32:47,132 {\an7}\h\h\hTHE GELADAS AND BABOONS ON THE OPEN PLAINS AND PLATEAUS 527 00:32:47,165 --> 00:32:49,834 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hARE JUST SOME OF THE HUGE RANGE OF MONKEYS 528 00:32:49,935 --> 00:32:52,871 {\an7}THRIVING ON MAINLAND AFRICA. 529 00:32:52,904 --> 00:32:58,376 {\an7}[CHATTERING] 530 00:32:58,477 --> 00:33:00,646 {\an7}WHILE ON THE ISLAND \h\hOF MADAGASCAR, 531 00:33:00,679 --> 00:33:05,150 {\an7}\h\h\h\hTHE LEMURS ARE STILL LEAPING THROUGH THE FOREST. 532 00:33:05,183 --> 00:33:11,189 {\an7}♪ 533 00:33:11,223 --> 00:33:14,326 {\an7}[LEMUR SCREECHING] 534 00:33:14,359 --> 00:33:20,098 {\an7}BUT THE PRIMATE STORY IN AFRICA \h\hHAS ONE MORE EPIC CHAPTER. 535 00:33:20,165 --> 00:33:25,170 {\an7}♪ 536 00:33:25,203 --> 00:33:26,871 {\an7}[PRIMATES CALLING] 537 00:33:26,905 --> 00:33:30,142 {\an7}ON OUR PRIMATE FAMILY TREE, 538 00:33:30,175 --> 00:33:34,212 {\an7}THE MONKEY BRANCHES WERE FULL \h\hOF CHATTERING CHARACTERS. 539 00:33:34,246 --> 00:33:40,152 {\an7}[PRIMATES CALLING] 540 00:33:40,185 --> 00:33:45,190 {\an7}BUT THERE’S ONE MORE BRANCH \h\hCRUCIAL TO OUR STORY... 541 00:33:45,223 --> 00:33:47,792 {\an7}[PRIMATES CALLING] 542 00:33:47,859 --> 00:33:51,062 {\an7}OUR BRANCH, THE APES. 543 00:33:55,200 --> 00:33:57,102 {\an7}MILLIONS OF YEARS AGO, 544 00:33:57,135 --> 00:33:59,237 {\an7}THERE WERE NUMEROUS DIFFERENT SPECIES. 545 00:33:59,271 --> 00:34:02,107 {\an7}[BIRD SQUAWKING] 546 00:34:02,207 --> 00:34:06,912 {\an7}TODAY, ONLY A HANDFUL REMAIN. 547 00:34:06,945 --> 00:34:09,448 {\an7}WE’VE ALREADY MET \hTHE CHIMPANZEE, 548 00:34:09,581 --> 00:34:14,252 {\an7}AN APE WITH EXTRAORDINARY \h\h\h\h\h\hINTELLIGENCE. 549 00:34:14,352 --> 00:34:17,488 {\an7}BUT IN THE REMOTE MOUNTAINS \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOF UGANDA 550 00:34:17,522 --> 00:34:24,095 {\an7}LIVES ONE GIANT APE OF MYTHICAL STATUS. 551 00:34:24,129 --> 00:34:25,998 {\an7}THIS JUNGLE HERE IN UGANDA 552 00:34:26,031 --> 00:34:28,934 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hIS KNOWN AS THE IMPENETRABLE FOREST, 553 00:34:28,967 --> 00:34:30,802 {\an7}AND AS ITS NAME SUGGESTS, 554 00:34:30,835 --> 00:34:34,038 {\an7}IT’S ONE OF THE WILDEST \h\h\hPLACES IN AFRICA. 555 00:34:34,072 --> 00:34:36,741 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hIT’S ALSO ONE OF THE FEW PLACES ON EARTH 556 00:34:36,775 --> 00:34:38,477 {\an7}WHERE YOU CAN STILL SEE 557 00:34:38,543 --> 00:34:42,480 {\an7}ONE OF THE MOST POWERFUL \h\h\hOF ALL PRIMATES... 558 00:34:42,581 --> 00:34:47,019 {\an7}♪ 559 00:34:47,052 --> 00:34:49,988 {\an7}THE MOUNTAIN GORILLA. 560 00:34:52,123 --> 00:34:54,492 {\an7}IN TERMS OF SIZE, 561 00:34:54,526 --> 00:34:59,498 {\an7}\h\h\hGORILLAS ARE UNDOUBTEDLY THE GREATEST OF THE GREAT APES. 562 00:34:59,531 --> 00:35:03,535 {\an7}[GORILLA GROWLS SOFTLY] 563 00:35:03,568 --> 00:35:05,703 {\an7}THEY WEIGHT AROUND 2 1/2 TIMES AS MUCH 564 00:35:05,804 --> 00:35:08,140 {\an7}AS AN AVERAGE HUMAN MALE 565 00:35:08,173 --> 00:35:12,944 {\an7}AND CAN REACH UP TO 420 POUNDS. 566 00:35:12,978 --> 00:35:21,353 {\an7}♪ 567 00:35:21,386 --> 00:35:26,057 {\an7}SO, WHY DID THEY GROW \h\h\h\hSO COLOSSAL? 568 00:35:26,091 --> 00:35:29,695 {\an7}TO FIND OUT, I’M HOPING \hTO COME FACE TO FACE 569 00:35:29,794 --> 00:35:33,031 {\an7}WITH OUR GIANT PRIMATE COUSINS. 570 00:35:35,033 --> 00:35:37,269 {\an7}AS THEIR NAME SUGGESTS, 571 00:35:37,302 --> 00:35:41,706 {\an7}\h\h\hMOUNTAIN GORILLAS LIVE ONLY AT ALTITUDE, 572 00:35:41,740 --> 00:35:45,544 {\an7}MOST MORE THAN A MILE \h\h\hABOVE SEA LEVEL. 573 00:35:45,577 --> 00:35:48,914 {\an7}SO THERE’S ONLY ONE WAY \h\h\h\hTO GET TO THEM, 574 00:35:48,947 --> 00:35:51,082 {\an7}AND THAT’S UP. 575 00:35:55,153 --> 00:35:59,057 {\an7}YOU CAN SEE WHY THIS IS CALLED \h\h\hTHE IMPENETRABLE FOREST. 576 00:35:59,090 --> 00:36:02,093 {\an7}IT’S A DENSE, TANGLED WEB \h\h\h\h\h\hOF VEGETATION. 577 00:36:02,127 --> 00:36:03,996 {\an7}AND FOR THOSE EARLY EXPLORERS 578 00:36:04,062 --> 00:36:06,498 {\an7}WHO WERE TRYING TO FIND \hTHE MOUNTAIN GORILLA, 579 00:36:06,531 --> 00:36:10,535 {\an7}IT MUST HAVE BEEN AN EXCITING \h\h\hBUT DAUNTING CHALLENGE. 580 00:36:13,304 --> 00:36:17,308 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hMOUNTAIN GORILLAS WERE FIRST DOCUMENTED IN 1902 581 00:36:17,342 --> 00:36:22,047 {\an7}BY A GERMAN EXPLORER, \h\h\hCAPTAIN BERINGE. 582 00:36:22,080 --> 00:36:24,049 {\an7}IN HIS DIARY, HE DESCRIBES 583 00:36:24,082 --> 00:36:26,718 {\an7}THE LOW, RUMBLING NOISE \h\h\h\h\h\hTHEY MAKE. 584 00:36:26,818 --> 00:36:33,024 {\an7}WHEN YOU HEAR THAT NOISE, \hYOU KNOW YOU’RE CLOSE. 585 00:36:33,058 --> 00:36:37,029 {\an7}[GORILLAS GROWLING SOFTLY] 586 00:36:37,062 --> 00:36:39,798 {\an7}WE CAN FINALLY HEAR THEM. 587 00:36:39,831 --> 00:36:42,534 {\an7}\h\hAND I WAS TOLD THAT YOU DEFINITELY HEAR THE GORILLAS 588 00:36:42,567 --> 00:36:44,069 {\an7}BEFORE YOU SEE THEM. 589 00:36:44,102 --> 00:36:47,772 {\an7}[LEAVES RUSTLING] 590 00:36:47,806 --> 00:36:49,541 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hYOU’VE GOT THIS THICKET OF JUNGLE. 591 00:36:49,574 --> 00:36:51,543 {\an7}YOU CAN’T SEE ANYTHING. 592 00:36:51,576 --> 00:36:54,546 {\an7}\h\h\hAND THEN ALL YOU HEAR IS THIS LOUD, DEEP BELLOW, 593 00:36:54,579 --> 00:36:56,881 {\an7}AND YOU KNOW THAT \hIT’S COMING FROM 594 00:36:56,948 --> 00:37:01,953 {\an7}\h\hA CREATURE THAT IS 2 1/2 TIMES YOUR SIZE. 595 00:37:01,986 --> 00:37:04,222 {\an7}SO, UH, YEAH, IF I SAID \h\h\hI WASN’T NERVOUS, 596 00:37:04,289 --> 00:37:07,592 {\an7}\hMAYBE THAT...MAYBE THAT WAS A LITTLE LIE. [LAUGHS] 597 00:37:09,828 --> 00:37:13,932 {\an7}AND THEN, AFTER 3 HOURS \h\h\hOF BUSHWHACKING, 598 00:37:13,965 --> 00:37:17,035 {\an7}\h\hI FINALLY GET MY FIRST GLIMPSE. 599 00:37:17,068 --> 00:37:28,012 {\an7}♪ 600 00:37:28,113 --> 00:37:32,851 {\an7}\h\h\hWHOA. THAT’S ONE OF THE FEMALES. 601 00:37:32,884 --> 00:37:36,721 {\an7}\h\hWHAT STRIKES ME IS HOW GENTLE THEY APPEAR, 602 00:37:36,821 --> 00:37:41,025 {\an7}CONSIDERING THEY ARE THE LARGEST PRIMATE ON THE PLANET. 603 00:37:42,794 --> 00:37:46,598 {\an7}BUT THEN I NOTICE \hSHE ISN’T ALONE. 604 00:37:46,631 --> 00:37:53,805 {\an7}♪ 605 00:37:53,838 --> 00:37:58,710 {\an7}THIS ADORABLE BABY GORILLA \h\h\hIS ABOUT A YEAR OLD, 606 00:37:58,743 --> 00:38:00,545 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hAND BABY GORILLAS WILL STICK BY THEIR MOTHERS 607 00:38:00,578 --> 00:38:02,113 {\an7}FOR THE FIRST FEW YEARS. 608 00:38:02,147 --> 00:38:06,518 {\an7}\h\h\hTHEY WON’T STRAY MORE THAN A FEW METERS. 609 00:38:06,551 --> 00:38:10,488 {\an7}GORILLA FAMILIES ARE MADE UP \h\h\h\h\hOF SEVERAL FEMALES 610 00:38:10,522 --> 00:38:13,992 {\an7}AND THEIR BABIES. 611 00:38:14,025 --> 00:38:19,497 {\an7}THEY’RE LED BY ONE GIANT MALE, \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTHE SILVERBACK. 612 00:38:19,597 --> 00:38:21,499 {\an7}[LEAVES RUSTLING] 613 00:38:21,533 --> 00:38:25,737 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hIT’S NOT TOO LONG BEFORE HE MAKES HIS ENTRANCE. 614 00:38:25,770 --> 00:38:29,240 {\an7}AH. WHOA. 615 00:38:29,340 --> 00:38:32,043 {\an7}[LAUGHS] 616 00:38:32,076 --> 00:38:36,881 {\an7}RIGHT. SO, I CAN NOW SEE THE SILVERBACK, 617 00:38:36,915 --> 00:38:42,821 {\an7}\h\h\hTHE LEADER OF THIS FAMILY, AND WHAT A MAGNIFICENT CREATURE. 618 00:38:42,854 --> 00:38:46,458 {\an7}YOU CAN SEE THAT HE IS \hNOTICEABLY DIFFERENT 619 00:38:46,524 --> 00:38:48,059 {\an7}IN COMPARISON TO THE FEMALES-- 620 00:38:48,092 --> 00:38:51,329 {\an7}THAT HUGE FOREHEAD, THAT CREST \h\h\hON THE TOP OF HIS HEAD. 621 00:38:51,362 --> 00:38:54,298 {\an7}THAT’S WHERE ALL THOSE \h\hJAW MUSCLES ATTACH. 622 00:38:54,432 --> 00:38:57,068 {\an7}THAT’S WHERE HE GETS THAT POWERFUL BITE. 623 00:38:57,101 --> 00:39:03,641 {\an7}AND HIS HANDS AND ARMS \h\hARE JUST ENORMOUS. 624 00:39:03,675 --> 00:39:07,546 {\an7}THE SILVERBACK IS NOT ONLY \hTHE LEADER OF THE FAMILY, 625 00:39:07,579 --> 00:39:10,482 {\an7}BUT ALSO THE PROTECTOR. 626 00:39:10,515 --> 00:39:14,853 {\an7}\h\h\h\hTHIS MALE BEARS THE SCARS TO PROVE IT. 627 00:39:14,953 --> 00:39:18,156 {\an7}WELL, THIS SILVERBACK LOOKS \h\h\h\hLIKE A GENTLE GIANT, 628 00:39:18,256 --> 00:39:20,325 {\an7}BUT HE CAN BE FEROCIOUS, 629 00:39:20,358 --> 00:39:23,494 {\an7}\hAND A FEW DAYS AGO, HE WAS IN A FIGHT WITH ANOTHER MALE, 630 00:39:23,595 --> 00:39:25,297 {\an7}AND HE’S GOT TWO SCARS \h\h\h\hTO SHOW FOR IT, 631 00:39:25,330 --> 00:39:27,465 {\an7}\h\hONE ON HIS HEAD, AND ONE ON HIS HAND. 632 00:39:27,532 --> 00:39:30,168 {\an7}BUT THAT IS THE LIFE \h\h\hOF A SILVERBACK 633 00:39:30,201 --> 00:39:31,969 {\an7}THAT HAS A FAMILY TO PROTECT. 634 00:39:32,003 --> 00:39:37,041 {\an7}\h\h\hHIS AIM IS TO LOOK AFTER HIS FEMALES AND HIS OFFSPRING. 635 00:39:37,075 --> 00:39:39,778 {\an7}PROVIDING SECURITY \h\hIS ONE REASON 636 00:39:39,811 --> 00:39:44,716 {\an7}MALE GORILLAS HAVE BECOME SO ENORMOUS. 637 00:39:44,782 --> 00:39:47,985 {\an7}\h\h\h\hTHE BIGGEST MALES ATTRACT THE MOST FEMALES 638 00:39:48,052 --> 00:39:52,323 {\an7}AND SO HAVE THE MOST OFFSPRING. 639 00:39:52,357 --> 00:39:57,162 {\an7}FOR GORILLAS, BIG IS BEST. 640 00:39:59,063 --> 00:40:01,532 {\an7}BUT THERE’S ANOTHER REASON \h\h\h\h\h\hTHEY’VE BECOME 641 00:40:01,566 --> 00:40:04,702 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hTHE GIANTS OF THE PRIMATE FAMILY. 642 00:40:04,736 --> 00:40:06,738 {\an7}[LEAVES RUSTLING] 643 00:40:09,073 --> 00:40:11,542 {\an7}AND I CATCH A GLIMPSE OF THIS 644 00:40:11,576 --> 00:40:15,046 {\an7}WHEN ANOTHER SILVERBACK UNEXPECTEDLY STEPS OUT 645 00:40:15,079 --> 00:40:17,682 {\an7}INTO A JUNGLE CLEARING. 646 00:40:17,749 --> 00:40:22,087 {\an7}♪ 647 00:40:22,120 --> 00:40:27,058 {\an7}I AM JUST IN AWE \hOF THIS ANIMAL. 648 00:40:27,091 --> 00:40:29,760 {\an7}MOUNTAIN GORILLAS \hARE VEGETARIANS, 649 00:40:29,794 --> 00:40:32,096 {\an7}BUT AT THIS ALTITUDE, 650 00:40:32,130 --> 00:40:35,000 {\an7}THERE’S VERY LITTLE ENERGY-RICH FRUIT, 651 00:40:35,033 --> 00:40:41,239 {\an7}SO 85% OF THEIR DIET IS MADE UP \h\h\hOF NUTRIENT-POOR LEAVES. 652 00:40:41,339 --> 00:40:43,041 {\an7}IT’S INCREDIBLE TO THINK 653 00:40:43,074 --> 00:40:45,777 {\an7}THAT THE MASSIVE BULK OF A MOUNTAIN GORILLA 654 00:40:45,810 --> 00:40:48,579 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hCOMES ONLY FROM THE VEGETATION THEY EAT, 655 00:40:48,613 --> 00:40:53,885 {\an7}AND AN ADULT CAN MAKE ITS WAY \hTHROUGH 25 KILOGRAMS A DAY. 656 00:40:55,520 --> 00:40:59,491 {\an7}TO DIGEST SUCH A HUGE BULK \h\h\h\h\h\h\hOF VEGETATION 657 00:40:59,524 --> 00:41:04,462 {\an7}REQUIRES AN EQUALLY \h\h\hHUGE STOMACH, 658 00:41:04,562 --> 00:41:08,332 {\an7}\hAND BIG STOMACHS REQUIRE BIG BODIES. 659 00:41:10,601 --> 00:41:13,270 {\an7}\h\hSO IT’S EATING A POOR-QUALITY DIET 660 00:41:13,304 --> 00:41:15,940 {\an7}AND HAVING TO PROTECT \h\h\h\hTHEIR FAMILY 661 00:41:16,040 --> 00:41:18,476 {\an7}THAT EXPLAINS WHY GORILLAS \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hHAVE BECOME 662 00:41:18,509 --> 00:41:22,713 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hTHE GIANTS OF THE PRIMATE FAMILY. 663 00:41:28,920 --> 00:41:30,755 {\an7}[GRUMBLING] 664 00:41:30,788 --> 00:41:35,293 {\an7}BUT THE BEST IS YET TO COME, 665 00:41:35,326 --> 00:41:37,361 {\an7}\hWHEN A PASSING 3-YEAR-OLD MALE 666 00:41:37,428 --> 00:41:41,132 {\an7}STOPS TO CHECK ME OUT. 667 00:41:43,568 --> 00:41:48,339 {\an7}THIS IS COMPLETELY UNEXPECTED \h\h\h\hAND SO UNBELIEVABLE. 668 00:41:53,811 --> 00:41:58,716 {\an7}HELLO. HELLO. HELLO. 669 00:41:58,750 --> 00:42:01,720 {\an7}[CHUCKLES] 670 00:42:01,753 --> 00:42:05,023 {\an7}MY GOODNESS. 671 00:42:05,056 --> 00:42:07,258 {\an7}I CAN’T BELIEVE THAT. 672 00:42:07,291 --> 00:42:10,995 {\an7}THAT IS ME COMING FACE TO FACE, \h\h\h\hNOT ONLY FACE TO FACE, 673 00:42:11,062 --> 00:42:15,300 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hBUT HAND TO HAND WITH A YOUNG MOUNTAIN GORILLA. 674 00:42:15,333 --> 00:42:18,036 {\an7}UNBELIEVABLE. 675 00:42:19,771 --> 00:42:23,074 {\an7}I’VE BEEN INCREDIBLY LUCKY \h\h\h\h\h\hTO GET SO CLOSE 676 00:42:23,107 --> 00:42:25,943 {\an7}TO THESE GENTLE GIANTS. 677 00:42:25,977 --> 00:42:30,014 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hMOUNTAIN GORILLAS ARE CRITICALLY ENDANGERED. 678 00:42:30,114 --> 00:42:35,720 {\an7}\h\h\hTODAY, THERE ARE ONLY AROUND 900 LEFT. 679 00:42:35,753 --> 00:42:38,689 {\an7}\hTHEY ARE PERHAPS THE MOST PRECIOUS 680 00:42:38,790 --> 00:42:41,493 {\an7}OF ALL OUR PRIMATE COUSINS. 681 00:42:41,526 --> 00:42:53,571 {\an7}♪ 682 00:42:53,604 --> 00:42:57,575 {\an7}PRIMATES HAD CONQUERED EVERY CORNER OF AFRICA, 683 00:42:57,608 --> 00:42:59,343 {\an7}FROM THE ISLAND OF MADAGASCAR 684 00:42:59,377 --> 00:43:02,513 {\an7}TO THE HIGHLANDS OF ETHIOPIA. 685 00:43:02,547 --> 00:43:07,986 {\an7}TO DO SO, SOME HAD \hBECOME ACROBATS, 686 00:43:08,019 --> 00:43:12,123 {\an7}OTHERS GANGSTERS, 687 00:43:12,156 --> 00:43:16,093 {\an7}AND SOME HAD BECOME MASTERMINDS. 688 00:43:16,127 --> 00:43:21,633 {\an7}♪ 689 00:43:21,666 --> 00:43:23,935 {\an7}BUT ALL BECAME SUCCESSFUL... 690 00:43:23,968 --> 00:43:25,269 {\an7}[HOWLING] 691 00:43:25,336 --> 00:43:29,473 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hAT ADAPTING TO SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENTS. 692 00:43:29,507 --> 00:43:31,642 {\an7}THEIR ABILITY TO LEARN \h\h\h\hFROM EACH OTHER 693 00:43:31,676 --> 00:43:34,012 {\an7}AND COOPERATE AS A GROUP 694 00:43:34,045 --> 00:43:37,882 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hSET THE STAGE FOR OUR OWN EVOLUTION. 695 00:43:37,915 --> 00:43:39,283 {\an7}[BANG] 696 00:43:39,317 --> 00:43:44,823 {\an7}♪ 697 00:43:44,922 --> 00:43:48,259 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 698 00:43:48,292 --> 00:43:59,003 {\an7}♪