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Amboseli, Southern Kenya.

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Home to a once thriving dynasty
of elephants.

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But since the death
of their experienced leader...

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..this family has struggled
to keep its calves alive.

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But there is new hope
in one determined elephant...

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..a twisted-tusked female
called Angelina.

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She is pregnant,
carrying the next generation.

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But she can't raise her calf alone.

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She will need the strength
and support of her family.

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Can Angelina bring them
all together...

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..for the first crucial year
of her baby's life...

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..and turn around
the fortunes of this dynasty?

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Amboseli National Park

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lies beneath the snow-capped peaks
of Mount Kilimanjaro.

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This morning, Angelina's family
are tightly gathered around her.

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And this is why.

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A son...

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..born just a few short minutes ago.

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This is Atlas...

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..taking his very first steps
in a world of giants.

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All new calves are wobbly
on their feet...

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..and born barely able to see.

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Working out who's Mum
can take a bit of time.

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A little gentle guidance
from Angelina...

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..and Atlas can finally
take his first feed of milk.

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Elephant mothers cannot raise
their calves unaided.

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Like all new-born elephants,
Atlas can't yet run,

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hide or defend himself
from predators.

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This is one of the main reasons that
elephants live in family groups.

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Angelina will need
the help of her aunts,

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cousins and elder daughters.

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Together, they must try
to keep Atlas safe,

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as he begins the first
and most dangerous year of his life.

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Four days later.

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Something extraordinary
has happened...

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..something that will irreversibly
change the fortunes of Atlas,

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Angelina and her family.

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Overnight, Angelina has given birth
to a second calf.

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This is Alana, a daughter.

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For elephants,
having twins is so rare...

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..that it's only been recorded
five times in Kenya.

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Although this might seem
like good news

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for the future strength
of the family...

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..calves need so much milk and care

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that raising twins
is almost impossible.

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There's now a very real chance

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that Angelina could end up
losing both babies.

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For a family who have lost
ten calves in the last five years,

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keeping twins alive will be
their greatest challenge.

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Angelina leads her family
to look for breakfast.

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Alana is busy playing.

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And she's been left behind
by her family.

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Not a good start.

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Fortunately, her elder sisters,

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aunts and cousins
come to the rescue.

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The effectiveness
of these baby-sitters

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will be critical to the twins'
chances of survival.

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With the family back together again,

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Angelina leads them to one
of their favourite feeding spots...

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..a vast swamp,
lying in the heart of Amboseli...

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..supplied through the year by water
flowing from Mount Kilimanjaro.

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The adults wade in
and start to feed.

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But the twins are
a little more hesitant.

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Atlas encourages his sister
to take the plunge.

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The family venture further into the
swamp in search of the best grass.

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But the baby-sitters
have led the twins

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into a patch of particularly
sticky mud.

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Within seconds,
Atlas is in trouble.

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Alana is trying
to reach her brother.

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Atlas is completely upside down.

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As the family try to help,
they only make matters worse.

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Angelina pulls Alana away.

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She mustn't risk losing
both of her calves.

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The baby-sitters are now
searching in the mud for Atlas.

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Miraculously, he's free...

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..but so exhausted, he needs help
to lift his head to breathe.

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His baby-sitters help him back...

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..to be reunited with his mother.

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Elephants learn
from their experiences.

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And this has certainly been
a lesson for Angelina, her family...

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..and perhaps even her twins.

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Elephants need a varied diet...

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..and they leave the swamp
to forage on the plains.

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For the twins, this open ground
is a great place for playing.

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Like human babies, calves learn
through social interactions.

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At this age, even their trunk
is a bit of a mystery.

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Everything needs investigating,
even their mother's wonky tusk...

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..their big sister's tail...

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..or their cousin's ear.

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This play works both ways.

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The baby-sitters must start to learn
what the twins need

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and important bonds
can begin to form.

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On the horizon...

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..a group of bull elephants
has appeared.

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Males leave their families
once they are about 14 years old

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and spend time in bachelor groups.

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One of Angelina's family
is in oestrus,

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four days during which
she's ready to mate.

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This only happens about once
in every four years.

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And it can attract bulls
from far and wide.

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Normally placid males try to
get close to a female in oestrus,

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and that can cause chaos.

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Angelina keeps the twins
near to her side.

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The bulls kick out
when the twins get in their way.

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As the competition between
the bulls intensifies,

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alarm spreads through the family.

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With the twins safely in the middle,
the whole group runs.

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Atlas and Alana are exhausted,
trying to keep up with their mother.

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But at least they've managed
to get away from the amorous bulls.

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Back at the swamp,

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this time, Angelina picks
a better feeding place...

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..and things settle down.

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A huge lone bull...

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..disturbed by
the family's approach.

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Angelina can only find Alana.

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Atlas is dangerously close
to the bull.

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..Angelina attempts to drive
the male away from her son...

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..and the rest of her family
back her up.

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Confronted by the united family...

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..the bull retreats.

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Now they can take Atlas and Alana
out of harm's way.

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Angelina and her family are becoming
a force to be reckoned with...

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..now able to protect both calves.

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The chances of both her son
and daughter

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surviving their first year...

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..have significantly increased...

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..thanks to the help
of the whole family.

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But in Amboseli,
nothing stays the same for long.

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Two months later
and the dry season has arrived.

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This is the hardest time
of the year for elephants.

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The knowledge of where to find food

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during these dry times
is critical...

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..and is passed down by example,
from generation to generation.

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Angelina has taken her twins
to an acacia woodland

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where there's still
something to eat.

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But acacia thorns aren't quite
to Alana's taste.

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With her mother distracted,

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she starts to investigate things
for herself.

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She's now several months old
and becoming very inquisitive...

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..as is her brother.

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But neither of them knows
quite what to make of this buffalo,

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who's trying to rest.

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Not much chance of that today.

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Morning adventure complete...

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..they're back to Angelina before
she seems to have even noticed.

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But as time passes,
the savannah is growing drier.

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Grassland is turning to dust.

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There has been no rain for months.

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Even the strongest may be
brought down by drought.

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Angelina leads the family
in a never-ending search for food.

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It's the youngest who,
with less reserves than the adults,

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feel it the most.

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Alana keeps falling behind.

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And now Angelina's milk
is beginning to run dry.

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The twins are starting
to compete with one another.

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Although close to a year old
and able to eat grass,

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they still need milk.

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The time for sharing is over.

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The twins have no choice
but to keep up with their mother

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as she keeps moving.

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As the weeks pass,
there is no let up.

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The twins are close to starvation.

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Their bones are showing
beneath their skin

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and their cheeks are sunken.

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But still they have to keep moving.

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Angelina takes her family
back to the swamp.

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But even here, the grass is short
and the water has turned into mud.

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Alana is so hungry that she
ducks her head to try and suckle.

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If you're starving,

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even the smallest drink of milk
is worth a mouthful of mud.

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The swamp is now no place
for the twins.

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Angelina must take them
to safer feeding grounds.

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But Atlas simply
hasn't got the energy.

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Angelina, having helped him
through so much, won't leave him.

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Hyenas.

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They can kill babies this size.

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But to even get close,

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they must first separate a calf
from its family.

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Angelina stands guard
over her twins.

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The members of her family
now confidently work together.

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The baby-sitters lead the charge.

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They won't let the hyena
get anywhere near the twins.

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Angelina can now try to coax
the calves to their feet.

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First, Alana.

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And with one final effort...

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..Atlas.

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Together, they can move
towards safer grounds.

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In the face of extreme hardship,

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the bonds in this family
have grown stronger.

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Elephants can detect storms
coming from 150 miles away.

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The long awaited rains
have arrived.

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And not a moment too soon.

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The good times are back again.

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The hardest part
of Angelina's journey is over.

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The twins are now a year old.

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Their chances of survival
are now much higher.

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Growing in independence
and physical strength...

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..the twins are now at home
in the swamp.

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Alana's confidence may one day
help her become a leader herself.

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And Atlas,
having survived so much,

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may now have the experience
to become a successful bull

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and perhaps father his own dynasty.

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Under Angelina's leadership,
the whole family is thriving.

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Five more calves have been born.

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The dynasty is returning
to its full strength...

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..united by one determined elephant.

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The Dynasties team
spent over two years

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filming with Angelina's family...

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00:48:23,960 --> 00:48:26,440
..gradually earning their trust

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to allow them to witness
the twins growing up.

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00:48:35,320 --> 00:48:37,960
The team had to learn to understand

212
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and predict the movements
of the family.

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00:48:46,120 --> 00:48:49,960
But filming the bulls proved
a rather different challenge.

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Their extensive range takes them
out of the safety of Amboseli

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and into surrounding farmland.

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And it's here, when night falls,

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that the bulls come into conflict
with humans.

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The only way to observe them in the
darkness is to use a thermal camera.

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The bulls, without making a sound,

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00:49:35,360 --> 00:49:38,320
sneak in to feed
on the farmer's crops.

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But even when the bulls
are discovered,

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there is little the farmers
can do about it.

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With their entire livelihoods
at stake,

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they try to drive off
the elephants with fire.

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00:50:20,960 --> 00:50:23,600
But the bulls have become
so accustomed to this

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00:50:23,600 --> 00:50:25,640
that they barely pause to look up.

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00:50:32,960 --> 00:50:37,840
Conflict with humans is becoming one
of the biggest threats to elephants.

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Here, an organisation
called Big Life Foundation

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00:50:47,760 --> 00:50:49,560
is coming up with solutions

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to try to keep both elephants
and humans safe.

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When the elephant
gets into their crops,

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the farmer became so angry
to that elephant,

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so it's easy for him to spear,
poison it.

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00:51:04,600 --> 00:51:10,680
Since 2011, 50 elephants have been
killed in conflict in this area...

235
00:51:14,120 --> 00:51:17,840
..and 20 people have been
killed by elephants.

236
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If that farmer is trying
to cultivate three acres

237
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and four elephants
get into that farm,

238
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they will completely finish
the whole farm in two hours.

239
00:51:36,520 --> 00:51:39,960
So these shelters,
farmers will stay there?

240
00:51:39,960 --> 00:51:43,200
Yeah, the farmers will stay there
all over the night. All night?

241
00:51:43,200 --> 00:51:47,120
All night. Here, we have
lost a lot of people here.

242
00:51:47,120 --> 00:51:51,960
An elephant trampled and killed
on this spot at the farm.

243
00:51:51,960 --> 00:51:56,200
The Big Life team have started
to implement a long-term solution

244
00:51:56,200 --> 00:51:59,880
by laying hundreds of miles
of electric fencing.

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00:51:59,880 --> 00:52:04,160
The benefit of the fence
coming up all along,

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it will act in two ways -
save the life of the farmer

247
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and also the life of the elephants.

248
00:52:13,440 --> 00:52:16,120
But until this barrier is finished,

249
00:52:16,120 --> 00:52:19,440
a group of specially trained
Big Life rangers

250
00:52:19,440 --> 00:52:23,840
do the next best thing -
they become a living fence.

251
00:52:30,600 --> 00:52:33,000
Called in nightly by the farmers,

252
00:52:33,000 --> 00:52:35,680
the rangers head across
swampy ground

253
00:52:35,680 --> 00:52:37,920
to try to chase the elephants away.

254
00:52:40,720 --> 00:52:42,360
In the pitch-black,

255
00:52:42,360 --> 00:52:45,760
and unarmed except for a torch
and some firecrackers,

256
00:52:45,760 --> 00:52:47,720
it's dangerous work.

257
00:52:51,280 --> 00:52:55,160
Bulls can weigh seven tonnes
and can easily outrun a human.

258
00:53:09,960 --> 00:53:13,840
It's incredible that we're
watching them, those rangers,

259
00:53:13,840 --> 00:53:16,320
and they don't know
where the elephants are.

260
00:53:16,320 --> 00:53:17,840
We can see where
the elephants are.

261
00:53:17,840 --> 00:53:20,320
They're pretty brave guys.

262
00:53:24,560 --> 00:53:28,240
The bulls are moving,
but not in the right direction.

263
00:53:32,480 --> 00:53:35,320
They're still eating
and trampling the crops.

264
00:53:38,200 --> 00:53:41,680
The elephants must be pushed back
before the farmers lose everything

265
00:53:41,680 --> 00:53:44,240
and before the situation escalates.

266
00:53:47,640 --> 00:53:50,360
The rangers have one last resort...

267
00:53:52,760 --> 00:53:54,840
..their firecrackers.

268
00:54:09,800 --> 00:54:12,680
Although harmless,
the noise and bright light

269
00:54:12,680 --> 00:54:16,160
are enough to finally
get the bulls' attention.

270
00:54:23,040 --> 00:54:24,920
The rangers' strategy is working.

271
00:54:29,720 --> 00:54:32,880
The elephants are moving back
towards the reserve.

272
00:54:35,440 --> 00:54:40,360
Now, the elephants have gone back
to Kimana Sanctuary.

273
00:54:40,360 --> 00:54:45,240
They're safe for now. Yeah.
So they're in a very safe place.

274
00:54:45,240 --> 00:54:48,400
So you've got to be very brave
and careful.

275
00:54:48,400 --> 00:54:51,800
Brave and careful. So you have
to be very careful as you work.

276
00:54:54,760 --> 00:54:58,200
It's pretty nerve-racking
to think that in 14 years' time,

277
00:54:58,200 --> 00:55:01,000
our little male twin is going to
be leaving his family

278
00:55:01,000 --> 00:55:03,720
and braving this conflict zone.

279
00:55:03,720 --> 00:55:05,600
I'm just so relieved
the rangers will be here

280
00:55:05,600 --> 00:55:08,120
to maximise his chances.

281
00:55:11,360 --> 00:55:14,680
By working tirelessly all night
and every night,

282
00:55:14,680 --> 00:55:19,160
this year, these rangers have
prevented 180 crop raids...

283
00:55:21,000 --> 00:55:24,640
..and they were able to save
the lives of all but one bull.

284
00:55:26,760 --> 00:55:31,320
Keeping the elephants
and farmers safe in this way

285
00:55:31,320 --> 00:55:35,600
buys time for the longer-term
solution to be put in place.

286
00:55:37,640 --> 00:55:41,680
And with that, perhaps,
will come some degree of harmony

287
00:55:41,680 --> 00:55:44,840
in the struggle to share this land.

288
00:55:44,840 --> 00:55:47,480
Poaching seems to have gone down.

289
00:55:47,480 --> 00:55:50,920
What is left here
is human-elephant conflict.

290
00:55:52,920 --> 00:55:56,440
This is where now the war
of elephant is being lived.

291
00:55:58,360 --> 00:56:01,800
If we can't do something
on human-elephant conflict,

292
00:56:01,800 --> 00:56:03,040
we'll lose all.

293
00:56:11,960 --> 00:56:13,600
We need to all join hands.

294
00:56:15,400 --> 00:56:18,880
We need to say,
"Yes, they have the right to live."

295
00:56:25,800 --> 00:56:29,240
If we can't say no
to killing of elephants,

296
00:56:29,240 --> 00:56:32,080
then we end up losing everything.

297
00:56:32,080 --> 00:56:35,680
We end up losing
the beauty of the world.

298
00:56:35,680 --> 00:56:39,800
Our kids and our grandchildren
will not see anything,

299
00:56:39,800 --> 00:56:42,240
they will just read in history,
in books.

300
00:56:43,840 --> 00:56:45,640
Like the dinosaurs.

301
00:56:58,200 --> 00:56:59,480
Next time...

302
00:57:01,320 --> 00:57:03,840
..after struggling for years,

303
00:57:03,840 --> 00:57:08,240
a cheetah mother may have
one last chance to raise a family

304
00:57:08,240 --> 00:57:11,480
on these unforgiving plains.

305
00:57:14,840 --> 00:57:17,040
Can she keep them safe

306
00:57:17,040 --> 00:57:20,640
and prepare them
for a life without her?

