1 00:02:56,680 --> 00:02:59,800 Welcome to the global archive, 2 00:02:59,800 --> 00:03:04,440 a vast storage structure located 800km north of Norway. 3 00:03:14,760 --> 00:03:18,600 It contains the artwork from every national museum. 4 00:03:22,920 --> 00:03:26,560 There are pickled animals stacked up two by two. 5 00:03:30,640 --> 00:03:36,880 Every film, every book, every scientific report, all stored on banks of servers. 6 00:03:43,000 --> 00:03:47,280 But the conditions we are experiencing now were actually 7 00:03:47,280 --> 00:03:51,760 caused by our behaviour in the period leading up to 2015. 8 00:03:54,680 --> 00:03:56,640 In other words, 9 00:03:56,640 --> 00:03:58,440 we could have saved ourselves. 10 00:04:12,320 --> 00:04:14,760 We could have saved ourselves. 11 00:04:14,760 --> 00:04:16,360 But we didn't. 12 00:04:16,360 --> 00:04:18,400 It's amazing! 13 00:04:18,400 --> 00:04:22,400 What state of mind were we in, to face extinction 14 00:04:22,400 --> 00:04:24,240 and simply shrug it off? 15 00:04:34,920 --> 00:04:38,440 By nature, I was always an introvert. 16 00:04:38,440 --> 00:04:40,920 But I guess, you know, the airline business needs 17 00:04:40,920 --> 00:04:45,080 a face, blah, blah, blah, blah. 18 00:04:45,080 --> 00:04:46,600 A personality. 19 00:04:49,480 --> 00:04:57,160 32-year-old entrepreneur Jeh Wadia is starting up India's third low-cost airline in 2005. 20 00:05:00,560 --> 00:05:02,480 The time for India is now. 21 00:05:02,480 --> 00:05:05,400 The time for developing business in India is now. 22 00:05:05,400 --> 00:05:12,080 He's got 1,200 employees, most of whom have never set foot on an aeroplane. 23 00:05:12,080 --> 00:05:16,560 What are the different kinds of hijackers that you might have? 24 00:05:16,560 --> 00:05:18,600 Uniforms! 25 00:05:18,600 --> 00:05:22,760 Uniforms are... Do I care? No, no, do I care? 26 00:05:25,840 --> 00:05:28,560 Why are you scared of a little smoke? 27 00:05:28,560 --> 00:05:31,000 Are you going to be scared and run from fire? 28 00:05:31,000 --> 00:05:33,720 It's not a toy, it's not a perfume bottle. 29 00:05:33,720 --> 00:05:37,760 You've got to aim it, hold it. That's it. 30 00:05:37,760 --> 00:05:41,640 I was in London at the time when Stelios created easyJet, 31 00:05:41,640 --> 00:05:44,480 and I was fascinated with basically how he did it. 32 00:05:44,480 --> 00:05:46,120 Evacuate, evacuate! 33 00:05:46,120 --> 00:05:48,920 Go this way, go this way! 34 00:05:58,480 --> 00:06:03,600 We'll be offering fares from 600 rupees all the way down to one rupee. 35 00:06:05,680 --> 00:06:08,560 How many people can afford a one rupee fare? 36 00:06:08,560 --> 00:06:10,680 I would imagine every single Indian can. 37 00:06:10,680 --> 00:06:13,560 A rickshaw driver can, you know, servants. 38 00:06:13,560 --> 00:06:20,560 In the year 2005, having an elite class who can fly in a country of a billion people, it's ridiculous. 39 00:06:21,920 --> 00:06:28,800 Search. Visible impacts of climate change leading up to 2010. 40 00:06:31,000 --> 00:06:33,480 101 degrees Fahrenheit. 41 00:06:33,480 --> 00:06:35,840 It's the hottest day ever recorded. 42 00:06:35,840 --> 00:06:41,760 700 people are now feared dead after the strongest ever recorded day's rainfall in India's history. 43 00:06:41,760 --> 00:06:46,520 It's official. The past year has been the driest in Melbourne's history. 44 00:06:46,520 --> 00:06:52,080 The dessert is advancing at the phenomenal rate of three miles every year. 45 00:06:52,080 --> 00:06:57,480 Dozens of Antarctic ice shelves collapsing faster than anyone predicted. 46 00:06:57,480 --> 00:07:01,440 18 countries are underwater and 1.5 million people are affected. 47 00:07:36,840 --> 00:07:43,120 Fernand Pareau has climbed Europe's highest mountain, Mont Blanc, over 150 times. 48 00:07:43,120 --> 00:07:45,600 Here he's guiding a family from England. 49 00:08:24,960 --> 00:08:30,240 At 82, Fernand's the oldest guide still working in France. 50 00:08:30,240 --> 00:08:33,680 Over his lifetime, he's witnessed huge changes 51 00:08:36,520 --> 00:08:38,440 in the mountains. 52 00:09:43,960 --> 00:09:49,640 There's a ladder extension on the bottom here now. 53 00:10:05,480 --> 00:10:09,680 Extraordinary to think that these are the Alps in December. 54 00:10:09,680 --> 00:10:11,760 Here in Chamonix, as across the Alps, 55 00:10:11,760 --> 00:10:16,880 there is a dramatic lack of snow, and exceptionally warm temperatures. 56 00:10:16,880 --> 00:10:20,160 It is a glimpse into the future. 57 00:10:20,160 --> 00:10:27,520 More than half the ski resorts in Europe could shut down in the next 50 years because of global warming. 58 00:10:27,520 --> 00:10:32,120 So nobody goes skiing, big deal. The thing is it's not that, is it? 59 00:10:32,120 --> 00:10:33,920 That's the whole point. 60 00:10:33,920 --> 00:10:38,800 The fact that you can't go skiing any more or the glaciers are melting is not really the point. 61 00:10:38,800 --> 00:10:41,360 The point is that that's a signal that 62 00:10:41,360 --> 00:10:46,600 basically the earth is destabilising and all the norms 63 00:10:46,600 --> 00:10:52,400 that have allowed life to exist are as it has done are changing. 64 00:11:35,440 --> 00:11:39,120 List climate change, major events, 65 00:11:39,120 --> 00:11:40,880 up to the present day. 66 00:11:57,560 --> 00:12:00,960 This is a couple of days before Katrina struck. 67 00:12:00,960 --> 00:12:05,440 Most people are following the evacuation order in getting out of the city. 68 00:12:05,440 --> 00:12:10,560 But New Orleans born Alvin DuVernay had no intention of moving. 69 00:12:12,760 --> 00:12:15,760 I got up Saturday morning and there was a buzz in the neighbourhood. 70 00:12:15,760 --> 00:12:18,240 Everybody was running around and I was like, "What's up?" 71 00:12:18,240 --> 00:12:20,200 "The hurricane's coming." 72 00:12:20,200 --> 00:12:26,320 I checked on the web and, sure enough, all of the models had it aiming right for us. Bull's-eye. 73 00:12:26,320 --> 00:12:28,840 This is a monster, and it's coming. 74 00:12:31,280 --> 00:12:35,840 Walked through the house a few times, putting things up, you know. 75 00:12:35,840 --> 00:12:39,960 My silk rug from Nepal up on the top shelf, and my guitar. 76 00:12:39,960 --> 00:12:42,520 You just do these things, you know. 77 00:12:44,520 --> 00:12:46,680 Another way to do that is get all your stuff and go. 78 00:12:46,680 --> 00:12:48,480 That's option one. 79 00:12:48,480 --> 00:12:50,680 Probably the best option. 80 00:12:50,680 --> 00:12:53,880 I didn't grow up with that option. 81 00:12:53,880 --> 00:12:56,720 Alvin collected his 84-year-old father, 82 00:12:56,720 --> 00:13:00,800 then barricaded the two of them inside his house as the hurricane approached. 83 00:13:03,440 --> 00:13:05,200 You stare Mother Nature in the eye. 84 00:13:05,200 --> 00:13:06,800 Usually, she's fairly benign. 85 00:13:06,800 --> 00:13:11,720 Then she comes along, methodically, ruthlessly, 86 00:13:11,720 --> 00:13:14,800 and then she stands toe to toe with you and dares you. 87 00:13:14,800 --> 00:13:17,840 Dares you. "Go ahead, get your best equipment out. 88 00:13:17,840 --> 00:13:19,440 "Go ahead, do it, let's dance." 89 00:13:29,360 --> 00:13:31,280 I think one's got to be very careful 90 00:13:31,280 --> 00:13:36,520 about attaching a particular event to global warming. 91 00:13:36,520 --> 00:13:42,120 But nevertheless the intensity of hurricanes is related to surface sea temperature, 92 00:13:42,120 --> 00:13:47,920 so increased intensity of hurricanes is associated with global warming. 93 00:13:50,320 --> 00:13:54,880 By first light, the water in Alvin's house was chest-deep and still rising. 94 00:13:54,880 --> 00:13:58,840 He helped Alvin Snr into their boat and headed for dry land. 95 00:14:01,800 --> 00:14:06,160 You just want the boats floating, so it's no big deal to launch the boat. 96 00:14:06,160 --> 00:14:09,480 There's no landmarks, really, to speak of. 97 00:14:09,480 --> 00:14:13,720 That's a real different perspective, driving through your neighbourhood at tree level. 98 00:14:13,720 --> 00:14:19,160 Then, all of a sudden, you realise there's a lot of people who stayed behind. 99 00:14:19,160 --> 00:14:22,440 There was no coastguard or police. 100 00:14:22,440 --> 00:14:25,120 Most of our national guard was elsewhere in the world. 101 00:14:25,120 --> 00:14:27,760 Iraq, Afghanistan. 102 00:14:27,760 --> 00:14:33,400 Alvin rescued over 100 people, and their pets, over two long days, 103 00:14:33,400 --> 00:14:38,280 including a 95-year-old man and a six-week-old baby. 104 00:14:39,960 --> 00:14:43,480 When that little basket came out of the window, 105 00:14:45,000 --> 00:14:47,600 that was a pretty special time. 106 00:14:49,640 --> 00:14:52,720 And just as peaceful, eyes closed... 107 00:14:54,200 --> 00:14:56,920 It just stops you in your tracks. 108 00:14:56,920 --> 00:15:00,880 Dead stop. You take a breath, you know. 109 00:15:00,880 --> 00:15:03,800 There's nothing more precious than that. 110 00:15:06,120 --> 00:15:08,200 Alvin's neighbours were the lucky ones. 111 00:15:08,200 --> 00:15:12,760 Hurricane Katrina was America's worst weather-related event to that date. 112 00:15:12,760 --> 00:15:15,480 But it was just a taste of what was to come. 113 00:15:18,760 --> 00:15:23,960 "It is our fault." After years of debate, some of the world's top scientists have concluded... 114 00:15:23,960 --> 00:15:25,760 "Unequivocable" is the word they use. 115 00:15:25,760 --> 00:15:27,440 Human activity is... 116 00:15:27,440 --> 00:15:30,400 ..contributing to changes in our earth's climate, 117 00:15:30,400 --> 00:15:35,200 and that issue is no longer up to debate. 118 00:15:35,200 --> 00:15:41,280 In Andermatt, they've covered a glacier with a special protective sheet to reduce its summer melt. 119 00:15:41,280 --> 00:15:46,280 One way I do my bit for the environment is turning to 30 with Ariel. 120 00:15:46,280 --> 00:15:50,680 This is offsetting all those flights that I take that I have to for my job. 121 00:15:50,680 --> 00:15:56,760 David Cameron even wears recycled shoes made from old firemen's trousers. 122 00:15:56,760 --> 00:16:01,000 Despite all the efforts to control pollution and its effects on our climate, 123 00:16:01,000 --> 00:16:06,880 the level of greenhouse gas emission has reached a record high and shows no signs of being reversed. 124 00:16:06,880 --> 00:16:09,720 Despite the Kyoto Treaty and all the talk of 125 00:16:09,720 --> 00:16:13,160 reducing emissions of carbon dioxide, 126 00:16:13,160 --> 00:16:18,840 levels of this key greenhouse gas are rising faster than ever. 127 00:16:18,840 --> 00:16:26,360 6.30am on a cool Autumn morning and Alvin's heading off to work, searching for more oil. 128 00:16:26,360 --> 00:16:30,040 Ironically, the oil infrastructure off 129 00:16:30,040 --> 00:16:34,320 the coast of New Orleans suffered major damage during the hurricane. 130 00:16:34,320 --> 00:16:38,200 But Shell moved fast to carry out repairs and, just nine months later, 131 00:16:38,200 --> 00:16:41,520 the rigs are online and everyone's back at work. 132 00:16:44,680 --> 00:16:50,440 Oil was formed when ancient plant life in the oceans absorbed energy from the ancient sun. 133 00:16:50,440 --> 00:16:53,600 As these plants died, they settled on the ocean floor 134 00:16:53,600 --> 00:16:57,000 along with the dead bodies of tons and tons of ocean creatures. 135 00:16:57,000 --> 00:17:00,080 Over the millennia, temperature increased and the organic 136 00:17:00,080 --> 00:17:05,520 matter was gradually cooked until the sun's energy was stored inside oil. 137 00:17:05,520 --> 00:17:09,720 150 million years later, Shell's geologists analyse where the oil 138 00:17:09,720 --> 00:17:14,680 might be, then drill three miles down into the seabed to collect samples. 139 00:17:20,240 --> 00:17:22,920 Here you are, Al. Here's your stuff. 140 00:17:22,920 --> 00:17:27,320 Thank you. We get the samples and analyse them for the fossil contents. 141 00:17:27,320 --> 00:17:30,080 The microscopic fossils. 142 00:17:30,080 --> 00:17:36,240 It's just another geo-scientific tool in order to improve your possibility of finding oil. 143 00:17:39,640 --> 00:17:42,880 In my opinion, probably arrogantly, it's a pretty high calling actually 144 00:17:42,880 --> 00:17:48,600 to try to do that, to try to figure out or maybe take apart time itself. 145 00:17:50,120 --> 00:17:53,960 Go back a few thousand years and the energy available to grow our crops 146 00:17:53,960 --> 00:17:57,600 or feed animals was limited by the daily sunlight falling on the earth. 147 00:17:57,600 --> 00:18:02,440 But now, we use the energy equivalent of hundreds of years of sunlight every single year. 148 00:18:02,440 --> 00:18:06,920 Every part of modern life is now literally made of oil. 149 00:18:06,920 --> 00:18:09,480 From CDs and plastic bags, to medicines and computers. 150 00:18:09,480 --> 00:18:13,360 From clothes and carpets, to cosmetics and cell phones. 151 00:18:13,360 --> 00:18:16,960 It's truly a wonderful and necessary substance. Then there's our food. 152 00:18:16,960 --> 00:18:23,680 Each calorie we eat uses nearly 100 oil calories to produce, package, refrigerate, transport. 153 00:18:23,680 --> 00:18:30,880 Fossil fuel produced fertilisers now feed about a couple of billion people who could not otherwise be sustained. 154 00:18:30,880 --> 00:18:37,400 It would be prudent for humanity to carefully use the remaining oil to build a new society run without it. 155 00:18:37,400 --> 00:18:41,440 Instead, we're burning up tens of millions of barrels every day. It will be gone. 156 00:18:41,440 --> 00:18:45,520 It will run out, leaving pretty much none for future generations, 157 00:18:45,520 --> 00:18:50,440 even though we in the oil industry are working our asses off looking for and finding this magical substance. 158 00:18:50,440 --> 00:18:52,640 Push it back! 159 00:18:52,640 --> 00:18:57,640 Then you see it, and you smell it, and it's greasy and ugly and smells 160 00:18:57,640 --> 00:18:59,720 so much like money, it's just beautiful. 161 00:19:02,040 --> 00:19:09,040 £13 billion in 2005. That's £1.5 million an hour, £400 a second. 162 00:19:09,040 --> 00:19:12,920 And a hefty chunk of those profits came from here, Nigeria, 163 00:19:12,920 --> 00:19:16,800 where most of the population lives on less than $1 a day. 164 00:19:17,240 --> 00:19:19,160 This is the water we drink. 165 00:19:43,560 --> 00:19:49,680 22-year-old Layefa Malemi has an ambition to train as a doctor and then work in her home village, 166 00:19:49,680 --> 00:19:53,360 Cojabanee, where Shell started building this medical centre. 167 00:19:58,920 --> 00:20:04,200 Like hundreds of other community projects across the Niger Delta, construction has been abandoned. 168 00:20:04,200 --> 00:20:07,720 Shell maintains that's because of the risk of kidnapping. 169 00:20:09,600 --> 00:20:14,400 13% of the oil revenue is supposed to be spent on community development. 170 00:20:14,400 --> 00:20:18,640 But the local people's share is almost all lost to the corrupt political system. 171 00:20:18,640 --> 00:20:23,440 So despite being in the most profitable oil region in West Africa, Layefa's village has no 172 00:20:23,440 --> 00:20:27,880 health service, no secondary school, no electricity, and no drinking water. 173 00:22:18,000 --> 00:22:22,520 Layefa is describing a phenomenon known as "the resource curse". 174 00:22:22,520 --> 00:22:26,920 Paradoxically, finding oil usually increases a country's poverty. 175 00:22:26,920 --> 00:22:30,240 As the oil wealth is concentrated in hands of a few, 176 00:22:30,240 --> 00:22:36,920 so the agriculture, education, and health system of the country become neglected and often collapse. 177 00:22:36,920 --> 00:22:40,320 The local people's health problems are compounded by gas flares, 178 00:22:40,320 --> 00:22:43,160 burning night and day throughout the Niger Delta. 179 00:22:43,160 --> 00:22:47,760 Asthma, bronchitis, skin diseases and cancer have all been linked. 180 00:22:50,120 --> 00:22:53,560 That gas is found alongside oil, 181 00:22:53,560 --> 00:22:58,400 but, as it's dangerous to transport, it can't easily be sold to overseas markets. 182 00:22:58,400 --> 00:23:01,920 It could be used for cooking and heating within Nigeria, but building 183 00:23:01,920 --> 00:23:06,920 the infrastructure is expensive, so the oil companies just burn it off. 184 00:23:06,920 --> 00:23:11,600 The flares emit about 70 million tonnes of carbon dioxide every year. 185 00:23:11,600 --> 00:23:15,400 More than the annual emissions from 10 million British homes. 186 00:23:21,680 --> 00:23:25,000 They just do whatever they like. 187 00:23:29,120 --> 00:23:34,480 Why are American cities designed so it's almost impossible not to have a car? 188 00:23:34,480 --> 00:23:37,280 Why were a hundred railways in cities like New York, 189 00:23:37,280 --> 00:23:41,680 Philadelphia and Los Angles bought up and then deliberately destroyed? 190 00:23:41,680 --> 00:23:45,320 Why did the electric car get scrapped? 191 00:23:45,320 --> 00:23:51,880 Why were we, along with Australia, the only two countries not to sign the original Kyoto climate treaty? 192 00:23:51,880 --> 00:23:54,840 Why was an oil company lobbyist allowed to change official 193 00:23:54,840 --> 00:23:57,480 government reports on global warming? 194 00:24:01,120 --> 00:24:07,040 Why was the same PR firm employed by the tobacco industry to persuade the public that smoking is healthy 195 00:24:07,040 --> 00:24:12,000 then employed by the oil industry to convince us there was still doubt about climate change? 196 00:24:16,520 --> 00:24:22,720 Alternative energy has been available for 50 years, why have we barely used it? 197 00:24:22,720 --> 00:24:28,000 Why were solar panels taken off the White House? 198 00:24:28,000 --> 00:24:30,960 Because, right from the early days of the industry, 199 00:24:30,960 --> 00:24:35,840 the oil men and their obscene profit have had an unhealthy influence on the people running our country. 200 00:24:35,840 --> 00:24:37,840 Now, they are the people running our country. 201 00:24:41,360 --> 00:24:43,600 And they're providing the cash, too. 202 00:24:45,640 --> 00:24:48,480 Oil business isn't just in bed with the government. 203 00:24:48,480 --> 00:24:49,960 It is the government. 204 00:24:55,600 --> 00:25:02,160 Here, Layefa is going to a nearby village, Odiama, that was massacred by the government. 205 00:25:02,160 --> 00:25:05,960 The village was involved in a dispute about ownership of 206 00:25:05,960 --> 00:25:09,680 a piece of land on which Shell planed to drill for oil. 207 00:25:09,680 --> 00:25:14,840 The government claimed that the village was harbouring terrorists, and, when they sent the military in 208 00:25:14,840 --> 00:25:19,640 to find those terrorists, the villagers opened fire on the soldiers. 209 00:25:19,640 --> 00:25:24,840 Layefa has gone to hear the villagers' side of the story from Omiekma Wekid. 210 00:26:30,720 --> 00:26:36,000 Amnesty International investigated the massacre and concluded that, although the government was 211 00:26:36,000 --> 00:26:41,240 responsible for the killings, Shell Nigeria should have made sure that their activities 212 00:26:41,240 --> 00:26:43,600 did not contribute to the conflict. 213 00:27:15,720 --> 00:27:18,920 They burned them off. 214 00:27:20,240 --> 00:27:24,600 MUSIC: "William Tell Overture" by Rossini 215 00:27:24,600 --> 00:27:29,120 Human history is littered with the corpses of people who had stuff worth stealing. 216 00:27:31,240 --> 00:27:33,240 Animals. 217 00:27:35,040 --> 00:27:36,240 Water. 218 00:27:41,920 --> 00:27:44,600 Shiny things. 219 00:27:47,640 --> 00:27:49,160 Fertile land. 220 00:27:54,360 --> 00:27:56,200 Spices. 221 00:28:01,840 --> 00:28:04,880 Mm, nutmeg slice. Tea? 222 00:28:09,680 --> 00:28:13,800 But when it came to stuff worth pinching, one continent had it all. 223 00:28:15,400 --> 00:28:22,600 Ivory, copper, cotton, rubber, wood, tin, gold, diamonds, and people. 224 00:28:25,640 --> 00:28:30,680 As cheap energy, slaves were unbeatable, until a less troublesome 225 00:28:30,680 --> 00:28:34,840 energy source was discovered and the new era began. 226 00:28:34,840 --> 00:28:37,840 Human numbers increased five times over. 227 00:28:37,840 --> 00:28:41,800 With each person wanting more and more stuff, 228 00:28:41,800 --> 00:28:45,960 oil became the resource worth fighting for all around the world. 229 00:29:34,400 --> 00:29:36,800 You want to know the real reason we went to war in Iraq? 230 00:29:36,800 --> 00:29:41,480 According to former Federal Reserve chairman Alan Greenspan, it's a simple three-letter answer. 231 00:29:41,480 --> 00:29:43,680 Not WMD, it's O-I-L. 232 00:29:54,000 --> 00:29:57,680 You might read that the ex-chairman of Shell said over the weekend that 233 00:29:57,680 --> 00:30:01,200 oil could hit over $150 a barrel as world production begins to peak. 234 00:30:01,200 --> 00:30:05,360 Not really good news for a country whose entire economy, 235 00:30:05,360 --> 00:30:10,040 not to mention its entire way of life, is based on cheap oil. 236 00:32:06,440 --> 00:32:08,400 Throughout our history, 237 00:32:08,400 --> 00:32:13,000 the deal was we left the world in a better place than we found it. 238 00:32:13,000 --> 00:32:15,080 That was progress. 239 00:32:15,080 --> 00:32:19,960 The wheel, the rule of law, penicillin. 240 00:32:19,960 --> 00:32:23,320 It was our covenant to our children and grandchildren. 241 00:32:24,920 --> 00:32:28,680 My children weren't angry with me for breaking the covenant. 242 00:32:28,680 --> 00:32:33,640 They were too busy trying to stay alive to waste energy on blame. 243 00:32:33,640 --> 00:32:40,360 Trying to negotiate their way through food riots, refugee camps and the collapse of society. 244 00:32:40,360 --> 00:32:43,400 But I think my grandchildren would have been angry, 245 00:32:43,400 --> 00:32:45,440 had they survived into adulthood. 246 00:32:56,600 --> 00:32:58,680 TRANSLATION 247 00:34:34,400 --> 00:34:36,480 Skiing in the desert. 248 00:34:39,600 --> 00:34:41,400 Heating the air. 249 00:34:43,880 --> 00:34:45,680 Lighting empty offices. 250 00:34:45,680 --> 00:34:48,000 Energy is so ridiculously cheap 251 00:34:48,000 --> 00:34:51,760 it makes perfect economic sense to just piss it away. 252 00:34:51,760 --> 00:34:53,240 China is the new bad guy, 253 00:34:53,240 --> 00:34:57,200 because they are building a new power station every four days. 254 00:34:57,200 --> 00:35:00,360 But a quarter of that energy makes stuff for us. 255 00:35:00,360 --> 00:35:05,720 Western companies pay Chinese workers crap wages to make crap plastic toys, 256 00:35:05,720 --> 00:35:08,640 then ship them to Europe and wrap them in more plastic. 257 00:35:08,640 --> 00:35:12,960 Punters drive to the out-of-town megastore in their gas-guzzlers. 258 00:35:12,960 --> 00:35:15,920 Plastic toy in plastic box goes into plastic bag. 259 00:35:15,920 --> 00:35:18,720 Two days later, the toy is broken, 260 00:35:18,720 --> 00:35:20,760 and back it goes to a Chinese landfill 261 00:35:20,760 --> 00:35:24,080 where it stays for about, hm, 50,000 years? 262 00:35:24,080 --> 00:35:29,160 # Water from the bottle's much better than the tap 263 00:35:29,160 --> 00:35:33,600 # Ooh, water from the bottle's much better than the tap 264 00:35:33,600 --> 00:35:38,360 # Ooh, mountain spring spa... # 265 00:35:38,360 --> 00:35:42,360 800 times more energy wasted and 10,000 times more expensive for you. 266 00:35:42,360 --> 00:35:45,040 It's a tricky decision. 267 00:35:45,560 --> 00:35:46,640 Whee. 268 00:35:51,400 --> 00:35:53,320 TRANSLATION 269 00:37:37,360 --> 00:37:42,440 # You keep saying you've got something for me 270 00:37:42,440 --> 00:37:48,280 # Something you call love, but confess 271 00:37:48,280 --> 00:37:53,360 # You've been messing where you shouldn't have been messing... 272 00:37:53,640 --> 00:37:58,640 # Now someone else is getting all your best... # 273 00:38:00,080 --> 00:38:03,920 # ..Boots are made for walking 274 00:38:03,920 --> 00:38:05,880 # And that's just what they'll do 275 00:38:05,880 --> 00:38:11,680 # One of these days these boots are gonna walk all over you. # 276 00:38:21,040 --> 00:38:22,920 TRANSLATION 277 00:40:09,440 --> 00:40:13,200 Lots of ideas have tried to take over the world, 278 00:40:13,200 --> 00:40:15,720 but there's only one winner. 279 00:40:15,720 --> 00:40:20,000 3,000 adverts bombard us every day, telling us we'll be happier, 280 00:40:20,000 --> 00:40:24,360 more attractive and with better skin if only we buy their product. 281 00:40:24,360 --> 00:40:29,600 Together, they create within us an insatiable desire to buy more and more stuff. 282 00:40:29,600 --> 00:40:34,000 Americans have been advertised at longest and they now each consume 283 00:40:34,000 --> 00:40:40,520 twice as much energy as a European, nine times more than a Chinese person, 15 times more than an Indian 284 00:40:40,520 --> 00:40:43,640 and 50 times more than someone from Kenya. 285 00:40:43,640 --> 00:40:49,360 If all 6.5 billion people here on Earth consumed like Europeans or Japanese, 286 00:40:49,360 --> 00:40:52,520 we'd need two more planets worth of resources. 287 00:40:52,520 --> 00:40:58,080 If everyone consumed like Americans, Australians and Canadians, we'd need another four. 288 00:40:58,080 --> 00:41:04,120 And in 2040 or so, when there's about 9 billion of us, we'll need two more again. 289 00:41:04,120 --> 00:41:07,200 Capitalism's only goal is ever-expanding growth, 290 00:41:07,200 --> 00:41:12,960 but ever-expanding growth on just the one not-expanding planet is impossible. 291 00:41:12,960 --> 00:41:15,600 The current economic system is disastrous. 292 00:41:15,600 --> 00:41:18,200 Not just for the planet, but for most people, too. 293 00:41:18,200 --> 00:41:22,040 400 years of capitalism has allowed the richest 1% 294 00:41:22,040 --> 00:41:26,880 to take 40% for themselves, leaving just 1% for the poorest to have. 295 00:41:27,960 --> 00:41:32,440 But anyone wanting to live differently is thwarted at every turn. 296 00:41:32,440 --> 00:41:35,800 With profit the only measuring step, 297 00:41:35,800 --> 00:41:38,920 destroying the planet is written into the system 298 00:41:38,920 --> 00:41:43,720 and runaway climate change is a not very surprising result. 299 00:41:43,720 --> 00:41:47,320 # Just can't get enough I just can't get enough 300 00:41:47,320 --> 00:41:58,240 # I just can't get enough I just can't get enough 301 00:41:58,240 --> 00:42:01,640 # I just can't get enough I just can't get enough... # 302 00:42:01,640 --> 00:42:04,240 The logo effectively is colour. 303 00:42:04,240 --> 00:42:07,240 You know, Orange Telecom, they have orange and black. 304 00:42:07,240 --> 00:42:10,240 Our logo is fluorescent colour. 305 00:42:14,040 --> 00:42:17,560 Everything changes in an economy the minute you have an airline moving in. 306 00:42:17,560 --> 00:42:20,040 People can basically do business a lot faster. 307 00:42:21,600 --> 00:42:24,720 If businesses grow a lot faster, people have more disposable income. 308 00:42:24,720 --> 00:42:27,360 Then, you know, consumerism sets in. 309 00:42:27,360 --> 00:42:31,680 We're the verge where consumerism is setting in. 310 00:42:31,680 --> 00:42:33,960 Just moving a lot, like America. 311 00:43:29,000 --> 00:43:31,680 'Glide slow, glide slow.' 312 00:43:31,680 --> 00:43:35,160 Here, Jeh travels to Airbus headquarters in France, 313 00:43:35,160 --> 00:43:39,920 as they'll be supplying him with 26 planes in his first three years. 314 00:43:39,920 --> 00:43:42,960 We have only 200 aircraft commercially flying in India. 315 00:43:42,960 --> 00:43:45,960 China has 800. 316 00:43:45,960 --> 00:43:50,840 Ultimately, you know, we have a very long way to go, playing catch up with China or catch up with Europe. 317 00:43:50,840 --> 00:43:54,760 In America, one airline, Southwest, has 417 aircraft - 318 00:43:54,760 --> 00:43:56,960 double the number we have as a country. 319 00:44:00,280 --> 00:44:02,880 So this is not, of course, your final design choice... 320 00:44:02,880 --> 00:44:06,200 One simple sentence, for me, summarises it all. 321 00:44:06,200 --> 00:44:07,720 Things can only get better. 322 00:44:43,480 --> 00:44:46,800 My main house, it had 10 feet of water in it. 323 00:44:46,800 --> 00:44:48,600 It marinated in that... 324 00:44:48,600 --> 00:44:51,280 sludge for three weeks, almost. 325 00:44:51,280 --> 00:44:54,480 The current state of my house, it has been demolished. 326 00:44:54,480 --> 00:44:58,040 It's a flat piece of property waiting for another house to go on that. 327 00:44:59,240 --> 00:45:02,520 I lost everything, everything that I owned. 328 00:45:02,520 --> 00:45:07,560 I mean everything from family heirlooms to the paper towels sitting on your kitchen counter, 329 00:45:07,560 --> 00:45:09,360 and everything in between. 330 00:45:09,360 --> 00:45:10,920 It goes on and on. 331 00:45:19,880 --> 00:45:23,800 Two beautiful, beautiful oak trees I did not lose. 332 00:45:23,800 --> 00:45:26,760 You know, local, indigenous, quercus virginianas. 333 00:45:26,760 --> 00:45:30,680 Live oaks that sprawl all over the place. Beautiful, beautiful things. 334 00:45:30,680 --> 00:45:33,720 That's what I have left, two oak trees and an empty lawn. 335 00:45:33,720 --> 00:45:36,560 Everything else is gone. 336 00:45:36,560 --> 00:45:37,960 That sucks. 337 00:45:42,800 --> 00:45:44,480 Losing everything you have... 338 00:45:46,320 --> 00:45:48,880 ..it's so overwhelming. 339 00:45:48,880 --> 00:45:51,760 And the grief that comes with that is just... 340 00:45:51,760 --> 00:45:53,280 It's profound. 341 00:45:57,480 --> 00:45:59,680 We had an unspoken collective pact 342 00:45:59,680 --> 00:46:02,720 to pretend climate change wasn't happening, 343 00:46:02,720 --> 00:46:06,520 as though as long we ignored it hard enough, it wouldn't be true. 344 00:46:09,920 --> 00:46:12,800 Not absolutely everyone. 345 00:46:12,800 --> 00:46:15,520 A few were shouting, "Fire!" 346 00:46:20,120 --> 00:46:22,680 Hello, come on in. 347 00:46:22,680 --> 00:46:25,680 One of the greatest difficulties with climate change 348 00:46:25,680 --> 00:46:28,000 is that the effects of our emissions today 349 00:46:28,000 --> 00:46:31,760 are not actually realised in terms of the temperature for 30-40 years, 350 00:46:31,760 --> 00:46:33,480 there's this time-lag in the system, 351 00:46:33,480 --> 00:46:36,520 which makes it difficult for us humans to respond 352 00:46:36,520 --> 00:46:40,000 because we're evolutionarily equipped to deal with very immediate threats, 353 00:46:40,000 --> 00:46:42,200 like advancing armies or dangerous animals. 354 00:46:42,200 --> 00:46:45,040 We're not so well-equipped with dealing rationally 355 00:46:45,040 --> 00:46:47,920 with very long-term problems, like climate change. 356 00:46:47,920 --> 00:46:51,160 We have to act now to stop something happening in the future. 357 00:46:51,160 --> 00:46:54,560 If we wait until the full temperature effects are already upon us, 358 00:46:54,560 --> 00:46:56,360 then it's far too late to stop. 359 00:46:56,360 --> 00:47:01,360 If you remember one single number above all else, make it two degrees. 360 00:47:01,360 --> 00:47:04,360 Everyone in the world, pretty much, the European Union, 361 00:47:04,360 --> 00:47:08,200 big multi-national corporations, Greenpeace, political parties, 362 00:47:08,200 --> 00:47:14,360 all agree that we have to stabilise global temperatures within two degrees above pre-industrial levels. 363 00:47:14,360 --> 00:47:19,720 The reason for that is because, if you cross that threshold, there are tipping points in the Earth's system 364 00:47:19,720 --> 00:47:22,800 which could drive the warming process essentially out of control. 365 00:47:22,800 --> 00:47:27,240 Huge amounts of carbon could be coming out of the world's trees and soils. 366 00:47:27,240 --> 00:47:29,760 Methane could be coming out of the permafrost in Siberia. 367 00:47:29,760 --> 00:47:35,400 It's that extra input of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, which then leads us to the worst case scenarios 368 00:47:35,400 --> 00:47:40,320 to six or more degrees and the eventual wipeout of most of life on Earth. 369 00:47:40,320 --> 00:47:46,000 Our emissions have been going up between, let's say, 1950 and now. 370 00:47:46,000 --> 00:47:50,600 They need to level out, stabilise, and then decline 371 00:47:50,600 --> 00:47:55,720 just as rapidly to sustainable levels, about an 80% cut, by 2050. 372 00:47:55,720 --> 00:47:59,960 Crucially, to keep the temperature rise within two degrees, 373 00:47:59,960 --> 00:48:05,400 this point of stabilisation needs to be at around 2015. 374 00:48:05,400 --> 00:48:09,240 That means, really, the timeline we've got, the ticking clock, 375 00:48:11,000 --> 00:48:13,480 is that we have to stabilise global emissions 376 00:48:13,480 --> 00:48:16,760 within just seven years from now, as we speak, 2008. 377 00:48:18,280 --> 00:48:23,440 The scale of this task, to achieve a transformation to a low-carbon economy 378 00:48:23,440 --> 00:48:29,160 for the entirety of human civilisation is obviously a huge, monumental task. 379 00:48:29,160 --> 00:48:32,640 Probably the greatest that humanity's ever faced. 380 00:48:39,840 --> 00:48:43,040 Remember the English family who went to see the glacier? 381 00:48:43,040 --> 00:48:50,600 They're back home in Cornwall, southwest England, inspired to start tackling their own energy wasting. 382 00:48:50,600 --> 00:48:57,120 It says that the average individual in the UK is responsible for ten tonnes of greenhouse gas a year. 383 00:48:57,120 --> 00:49:01,960 They are calculating exactly how much climate change gases their family currently produces 384 00:49:01,960 --> 00:49:05,200 and how it can be reduced. 385 00:49:05,200 --> 00:49:07,640 But that's the average individual. There are five of us. 386 00:49:07,640 --> 00:49:10,680 Ah. Ooh. 387 00:49:10,680 --> 00:49:12,640 Whichever way you look at it, this isn't good. 388 00:49:16,080 --> 00:49:19,560 We produce about half of our food 389 00:49:19,560 --> 00:49:24,040 and we try to keep our consumption of meat and dairy down. 390 00:49:25,640 --> 00:49:31,680 My car runs on chip fat and we do cycle when we can. 391 00:49:31,680 --> 00:49:35,600 We've just got our own wind turbine, which will produce all our own electricity. 392 00:49:37,280 --> 00:49:41,200 We're aiming to cut down to about one tonne each per year, 393 00:49:41,200 --> 00:49:43,920 which is apparently the sustainable amount 394 00:49:43,920 --> 00:49:46,560 that the world's trees and plants can reabsorb. 395 00:49:46,560 --> 00:49:49,200 But the big problem is flying. 396 00:49:49,200 --> 00:49:53,520 Just one return flight, say London to New York, 397 00:49:53,520 --> 00:49:57,160 would blow our entire carbon budget for about three and a half years. 398 00:49:57,160 --> 00:50:01,360 Apparently, other than setting fire to a forest, flying is the single 399 00:50:01,360 --> 00:50:04,880 worst thing an ordinary individual can do to cause climate change. 400 00:50:04,880 --> 00:50:10,160 So, it's a bit of a dilemma, because we've just been invited to go skiing in France. 401 00:50:10,160 --> 00:50:17,080 They are now flying from Newquay, which is our nearest airport, so 40 minutes from here, to Bergerac, 402 00:50:17,080 --> 00:50:21,680 which is, you know, an hour and a half or something from it. 403 00:50:21,680 --> 00:50:25,920 Literally, we could leave here in the morning... We live in Cornwall. 404 00:50:25,920 --> 00:50:32,520 We could leave Cornwall in the morning and be in Bergerac for lunch, after lunch. 405 00:50:32,520 --> 00:50:34,000 But if you actually think, 406 00:50:34,000 --> 00:50:38,480 "This is going to cause the death of people, it's actually going to affect people," 407 00:50:38,480 --> 00:50:42,600 and make that direct connection, then it is a really scary thought. 408 00:50:44,200 --> 00:50:49,560 Obviously, us not flying to France or not flying wherever 409 00:50:49,560 --> 00:50:54,440 is hardly going to solve the problem, but it's down to what you think is the correct thing to do. 410 00:50:56,000 --> 00:50:59,040 Because everyone else is doing it, that's not a good reason. 411 00:50:59,040 --> 00:51:04,480 You only have to look at the terrible things in our history that everyone regrets now. 412 00:51:04,480 --> 00:51:07,640 You know, massacres, the Holocaust etc. 413 00:51:07,640 --> 00:51:12,280 A lot of that was just going along with what was the predominant thinking at the time. 414 00:51:16,160 --> 00:51:23,080 I'm almost jealous of the time, five, ten years ago, when I could just jump on a plane with impunity. 415 00:51:23,080 --> 00:51:25,280 I didn't even think about it. It was just blissful. 416 00:51:25,280 --> 00:51:28,760 No moral dilemma there, whatsoever. 417 00:51:30,560 --> 00:51:35,040 Needless to say, they didn't take that flight. 418 00:51:35,040 --> 00:51:38,520 And joining a climate change protest march may not be everybody's idea 419 00:51:38,520 --> 00:51:44,440 of a tenth wedding anniversary, but Piers and Lisa have shared ideals from the moment they met. 420 00:51:44,440 --> 00:51:48,760 My friend, we went along to the party together and she basically took me 421 00:51:48,760 --> 00:51:52,760 straight over to Piers and said, "Hey, look, Piers, this is Lisa." 422 00:51:54,960 --> 00:51:58,160 And that was it. That was it. We just... 423 00:51:58,160 --> 00:51:59,720 SHE CLICKS HER FINGERS 424 00:51:59,720 --> 00:52:04,400 And spent the whole evening talking about wind turbines. 425 00:52:07,760 --> 00:52:13,960 Piers has been developing wind farms in Africa, America and Britain for over 15 years. 426 00:52:13,960 --> 00:52:17,560 But he knows that they will only help solve the climate crisis 427 00:52:17,560 --> 00:52:21,360 as a small part of a total reordering of western society. 428 00:52:23,480 --> 00:52:29,040 There's still this idea that somehow we have to find THE solution, THE silver bullet. 429 00:52:29,040 --> 00:52:33,160 No single renewable source is going to be the solution. Absolutely not. 430 00:52:36,440 --> 00:52:38,760 And Piers doesn't think much of the other option, 431 00:52:38,760 --> 00:52:45,360 whereby everyone crosses their fingers and hopes that a miracle technology will be invented in time. 432 00:52:45,360 --> 00:52:49,080 I'm not saying we shouldn't be developing other stuff. Absolutely, we should be. 433 00:52:49,080 --> 00:52:51,480 We should be throwing everything at it. 434 00:52:51,480 --> 00:52:54,960 But you've got to make use of what's available now. 435 00:52:54,960 --> 00:52:58,080 In the UK, we've got a great wind resource. 436 00:52:58,080 --> 00:53:00,080 We've just got to bite the bullet and go for it. 437 00:53:00,080 --> 00:53:05,880 Piers has purposed a new wind farm at Airfield Farm in Bedfordshire, central England. 438 00:53:05,880 --> 00:53:12,200 He could have 15 turbines installed and generating 13 megawatts of electricity within a year. 439 00:53:12,200 --> 00:53:15,000 We're the leaders of the revolution, aren't we? 440 00:53:15,000 --> 00:53:16,960 That's it. Outraged faces. 441 00:53:16,960 --> 00:53:19,040 Edward, I've lost your face again. Sorry. 442 00:53:19,040 --> 00:53:21,160 That's it. Yeah, good man. 443 00:53:21,160 --> 00:53:26,520 Well, the protest balloon is now going up. While that's happening, I'll just explain where we are. 444 00:53:26,520 --> 00:53:29,640 MOBILE RINGS This is the site of an old World War Two bomber base. 445 00:53:29,640 --> 00:53:31,520 Phone, bollocks. 446 00:53:31,520 --> 00:53:34,680 Can we all have a thumbs down as well? 447 00:53:34,680 --> 00:53:41,160 UK-wide surveys point to about 70-80% in favour of wind farms as a concept. 448 00:53:41,160 --> 00:53:44,720 The difficulty is when you've got one on your own doorstep. 449 00:53:44,720 --> 00:53:47,880 Then it's the "not in my backyard" syndrome. 450 00:53:47,880 --> 00:53:49,760 Jim, what's the problem? 451 00:53:49,760 --> 00:53:53,840 The problem really is that this is one of the least windy sites in the country. 452 00:53:53,840 --> 00:53:58,000 I hope it's not going to get too windy tomorrow and it wraps itself around the church. 453 00:53:58,000 --> 00:54:04,680 Well, I live in Coddington and we're going to be absolutely surrounded by these high masts. 454 00:54:04,680 --> 00:54:06,560 They're going to obliterate the view. 455 00:54:06,560 --> 00:54:11,400 What it normally always comes down to with wind farms is the aesthetics, you know. 456 00:54:11,400 --> 00:54:16,280 Everything else is basically put together to try and back up the ultimate thing. 457 00:54:16,280 --> 00:54:19,680 The ultimate thing is they don't want to spoil their view. 458 00:54:19,680 --> 00:54:23,080 I'm bit concerned about the low-level noise as well. 459 00:54:23,080 --> 00:54:29,400 The wind farm site is right next to the world-famous Santa Pod drag-racing strip. 460 00:54:33,800 --> 00:54:36,120 Anybody you ask here, nobody's against wind energy. 461 00:54:36,120 --> 00:54:40,640 That's the point. It's against inappropriate wind energy use. OK. 462 00:54:40,640 --> 00:54:46,080 Hypnotic. You're driving along and you tend to see the sails revolving 463 00:54:46,080 --> 00:54:48,680 and you're not concentrating on the driving. 464 00:54:48,680 --> 00:54:53,520 Ernie Braddock will benefit financially having turbines on his farm, 465 00:54:53,520 --> 00:54:57,120 but now he's in conflict with his neighbour, Victoria Reeves. 466 00:54:57,120 --> 00:54:59,560 Well, everyone is very unhappy about it. 467 00:54:59,560 --> 00:55:02,640 We'll lose value on our properties, we'll not be able to sleep. 468 00:55:02,640 --> 00:55:06,120 It WILL make a difference. Ernie, you have no idea, believe me. 469 00:55:06,120 --> 00:55:12,160 According to Victoria, they stopped a wind farm up in Scotland, on their other estate in Scotland, 470 00:55:12,160 --> 00:55:14,960 back in the mid '90s, and that was a great victory. 471 00:55:14,960 --> 00:55:18,640 It can't rely on the wind, it can only deliver... It's an additive. 472 00:55:18,640 --> 00:55:21,880 An additive? Do you mean additional? 473 00:55:21,880 --> 00:55:23,640 Yes, it is additional. 474 00:55:23,640 --> 00:55:25,520 It prolongs resources, put it that way. 475 00:55:25,520 --> 00:55:27,360 No, Ernie, it doesn't. It's got to. 476 00:55:27,360 --> 00:55:30,520 It does nothing of the sort, believe me. 477 00:55:30,520 --> 00:55:33,320 It's got to. It's an emotional campaign. It's about fear. 478 00:55:33,320 --> 00:55:36,360 Mostly based on complete bollocks, frankly. 479 00:55:36,360 --> 00:55:39,760 But, never mind, facts are not a problem, you know. 480 00:55:39,760 --> 00:55:41,440 It's a fair fight, 481 00:55:41,440 --> 00:55:44,120 and I hope you lose. All right. 482 00:55:50,640 --> 00:55:56,040 This is August 2005, just after Mumbai's worst ever floods, 483 00:55:56,040 --> 00:55:58,680 and a couple of months before Jeh's first flight. 484 00:56:05,200 --> 00:56:07,640 Show Daddy how good you are at this. 485 00:56:07,640 --> 00:56:09,880 Show Daddy how fast you can go. 486 00:56:09,880 --> 00:56:11,720 Come on. 487 00:56:11,720 --> 00:56:14,360 Press this. Ooh. 488 00:56:14,360 --> 00:56:16,360 No more pushing, it's battery operated. 489 00:56:16,360 --> 00:56:19,400 'So, I can't see an issue there.' 490 00:56:19,400 --> 00:56:21,760 See your grandpa. 491 00:56:21,760 --> 00:56:26,000 Jeh is descended from one of India's richest and most powerful business dynasties. 492 00:56:26,000 --> 00:56:31,640 They've pioneered everything from ship building in the 18th century to internet services in the 21st. 493 00:56:31,640 --> 00:56:37,520 In a roundabout way, his privileged upbringing sparked the idea for the low-cost airline. 494 00:56:37,520 --> 00:56:40,240 What do you want me to do? I'm going to the airport. 495 00:56:41,280 --> 00:56:47,560 Throughout basically my life, from a young age, I used to hang out with tons of, you know, servants' kids. 496 00:56:47,560 --> 00:56:51,360 You know, that sort of stuff. When you go home, 497 00:56:51,360 --> 00:56:55,320 you suddenly think, "Why do I have so much, and these guys have nothing?" 498 00:56:55,320 --> 00:57:00,000 That sort of shit. That constantly, constantly, constantly ate me up. 499 00:57:01,840 --> 00:57:04,680 Everyone is here for a purpose. 500 00:57:04,680 --> 00:57:06,960 The idea is to realise what your higher purpose is 501 00:57:06,960 --> 00:57:10,200 and then understand how you are going to fulfil it. 502 00:57:10,200 --> 00:57:13,600 And eventually I realised what my higher purpose was. 503 00:57:13,600 --> 00:57:16,000 It was to ensure that I eradicated poverty. 504 00:57:24,560 --> 00:57:30,120 Jeh volunteers at a charity which helps villagers lift themselves out of poverty. 505 00:57:30,120 --> 00:57:37,000 But even by private jet and jeep, it's a five-hour, 900km-journey. 506 00:57:37,000 --> 00:57:40,800 Hiring a private jet, basically, costs as much as a village does. 507 00:57:40,800 --> 00:57:43,880 To take a village from below poverty and put it above poverty. 508 00:57:43,880 --> 00:57:46,000 So, effectively, it defeats the purpose. 509 00:57:48,000 --> 00:57:50,840 Therefore, I decided to, you know, try the trains. 510 00:57:50,840 --> 00:57:53,480 From Bombay, it takes about 26 hours. 511 00:57:53,480 --> 00:57:56,000 I said to myself, "Wow, this is incredible." 512 00:57:56,000 --> 00:57:59,040 People pay good money and still have to put up with this rubbish. 513 00:58:01,640 --> 00:58:06,440 15 million people travel by train in India every single day. 514 00:58:06,440 --> 00:58:11,800 Jeh's dream is to get them all off the trains and into the skies. 515 00:58:12,760 --> 00:58:15,840 We're not at war at the moment. It's not a war. 516 00:58:15,840 --> 00:58:20,240 But if people actually recognised the full implications of what's in store for us, 517 00:58:20,240 --> 00:58:22,120 they would be treating it like a war. 518 00:58:28,360 --> 00:58:32,280 You've only got to take Airfield Farm for example. That was a US airbase. 519 00:58:32,280 --> 00:58:39,000 People flew out of there and died for a cause, which was massive at the time, a global problem. 520 00:58:39,000 --> 00:58:44,360 And we have ourselves, now, a real global problem that needs that kind of level of commitment. 521 00:58:46,680 --> 00:58:51,480 There are many, many other industries that need to be looked into first, before aviation. 522 00:58:51,480 --> 00:58:55,280 It's not a question about choosing one industry to target. 523 00:58:55,280 --> 00:58:58,880 Ultimately, we all contribute to greenhouse gases, 524 00:58:58,880 --> 00:59:02,280 we all contribute to the crisis that we have today with the planet. 525 00:59:02,280 --> 00:59:06,600 So ultimately, you know, ensuring that our planet is safe and healthy 526 00:59:06,600 --> 00:59:11,760 is each one's job, task. 527 00:59:11,760 --> 00:59:17,160 Whether you do it in your own way by using less tissue paper, using less paper, so that trees are not cut, 528 00:59:17,160 --> 00:59:20,920 buying green cars or not flying. 529 00:59:20,920 --> 00:59:23,760 Obviously, if you're not doing it, the demand goes down. 530 00:59:23,760 --> 00:59:26,160 The demand goes down, the supply goes down. 531 00:59:26,160 --> 00:59:29,480 Life's about demand and supply, or supply and demand. 532 01:00:51,600 --> 01:00:53,320 Strange. 533 01:00:53,320 --> 01:00:56,000 Watching these film fragments. 534 01:00:56,000 --> 01:01:00,640 It's like looking through binoculars, observing people on a far off beach, 535 01:01:00,640 --> 01:01:06,480 running around in circles, fixated on the small area of sand under their feet 536 01:01:06,480 --> 01:01:09,280 as a tsunami races toward the shore. 537 01:01:22,320 --> 01:01:24,080 Here's Alvin. 538 01:01:24,080 --> 01:01:28,240 He's just taken early retirement after 30 years on an oil industry salary 539 01:01:28,240 --> 01:01:32,640 and he's planning to spend his later years outside, enjoying nature. 540 01:01:32,640 --> 01:01:36,920 Oh, certainly I'm an ecologist and an environmentalist. 541 01:01:38,480 --> 01:01:44,040 I really don't have a problem squaring that, working for an oil company that I feel has... 542 01:01:48,240 --> 01:01:53,240 Done a pretty good job in...being environmentally friendly. 543 01:01:56,240 --> 01:02:02,280 When I started working in the oil industry, in about the mid '70s, 544 01:02:02,280 --> 01:02:06,760 it was a clear path for me, as a scientist coming out of college. 545 01:02:06,760 --> 01:02:11,360 I didn't know the detail of what goes on in the industry, 546 01:02:11,360 --> 01:02:13,520 the goods and the bad. 547 01:02:13,520 --> 01:02:17,480 But indeed every industry has that, goods and bad. 548 01:02:17,480 --> 01:02:19,560 Would I do it again, knowing what I know now? 549 01:02:19,560 --> 01:02:22,120 Of course I would do it again. 550 01:02:22,120 --> 01:02:25,720 I mean, you need to work, you need to do something. 551 01:02:41,480 --> 01:02:43,200 'Message one.' 552 01:03:06,120 --> 01:03:11,760 The worst example I've had is a lady, an old lady, who came up to me in a public exhibition 553 01:03:11,760 --> 01:03:18,880 and gave me a cutting from a newspaper, with a picture of a guy being shot. 554 01:03:20,520 --> 01:03:23,840 Local anti-campaigns were one of the key factors 555 01:03:23,840 --> 01:03:28,040 stopping about 80% of the proposed wind-energy projects in Britain. 556 01:03:28,040 --> 01:03:32,920 Had they all been built, 10% of our electricity would have been non-polluting. 557 01:03:35,360 --> 01:03:40,640 How the heck are we meant to persuade people like India and China that they should develop 558 01:03:40,640 --> 01:03:46,720 in a more sustainable way when we're not prepared to even accept the odd wind farm in the landscape? 559 01:03:46,720 --> 01:03:49,280 So how's it going? All right, yes. 560 01:03:49,280 --> 01:03:52,000 Not too much trouble? Not really, no. 561 01:03:52,000 --> 01:03:54,600 Nobody's punched me up yet, anyway! Good. 562 01:03:54,600 --> 01:04:00,280 Piers has come back to Ernie's farm with a plan to make the turbines less visible, 563 01:04:00,280 --> 01:04:06,120 trying to kick start the planning process that the anti-campaign has now held up for 18 months. 564 01:04:06,120 --> 01:04:08,520 Another 18 months of climate change. 565 01:04:08,520 --> 01:04:12,400 Another 18 months where I've been able to do nothing about it. 566 01:04:13,960 --> 01:04:16,560 Yeah, I feel really, really fucked off with it. 567 01:04:16,560 --> 01:04:19,480 You must be feeling the same as me. 568 01:04:19,480 --> 01:04:21,600 It's just... I mean how long have we got? 569 01:04:21,600 --> 01:04:27,160 Piers's compromise reduces the number of turbines from 15 down to nine. 570 01:04:27,160 --> 01:04:34,240 This is still the equivalent electrical power to fuel 11,000 homes. Yeah. 571 01:04:34,240 --> 01:04:36,400 So there's still a lot of power. 572 01:04:36,400 --> 01:04:40,400 Exactly the opposite is happening to the very thing that needs to happen. 573 01:04:40,400 --> 01:04:46,240 These things need to be speeded up, and actually they're getting slowed down. 574 01:04:46,240 --> 01:04:50,120 Plenty of politicians are talking about it, but when it comes down to it, 575 01:04:50,120 --> 01:04:51,720 it's just not happening. 576 01:04:51,720 --> 01:04:53,560 It is just not happening, folks. 577 01:04:55,600 --> 01:04:59,880 Governments will only go as far as the population demands. 578 01:04:59,880 --> 01:05:04,480 That means mass protest on an unprecedented scale. 579 01:05:06,000 --> 01:05:12,680 Direct action like this is essential if you are going to turn an issue around in a short period of time. 580 01:05:12,680 --> 01:05:17,400 We've found that many, many times in the past, from the suffragettes onwards. 581 01:05:21,960 --> 01:05:28,280 The very fact that the crisis is taking place within our generation and it's happening right now 582 01:05:28,280 --> 01:05:31,320 means that we are tremendously powerful people. 583 01:05:31,320 --> 01:05:34,600 So this position of despair, and "I can't do anything," 584 01:05:34,600 --> 01:05:39,560 and "there's no point," it's completely illogical, it's exactly the opposite. 585 01:05:50,800 --> 01:05:53,240 TRANSLATION 586 01:06:54,280 --> 01:06:58,480 There is no shortage of grey matter in this species. 587 01:06:58,480 --> 01:07:02,800 We can do some amazing things. 588 01:07:02,800 --> 01:07:10,120 But I don't think we've been very smart about how we use our resources, how we, quite literally, 589 01:07:10,120 --> 01:07:15,680 burn up something as beautiful and useful as oil. Literally burn it up. 590 01:07:15,680 --> 01:07:18,720 That's it, it's gone, it's done. 591 01:07:18,720 --> 01:07:22,720 I think most people were becoming disenchanted by this point. 592 01:07:23,760 --> 01:07:28,440 We'd stopped believing that this was the golden era of human civilisation 593 01:07:28,440 --> 01:07:32,000 and started questioning our collective values. 594 01:07:34,760 --> 01:07:38,720 All I can hope is incredible disasters like Katrina 595 01:07:38,720 --> 01:07:44,160 and the horrible wars and what not that are going on around the world will snap us out of it. 596 01:07:44,160 --> 01:07:48,600 I'd like to see us headed in the right direction for the good of mankind. 597 01:07:48,600 --> 01:07:52,680 # I still believe in chasing dreams... # 598 01:07:52,680 --> 01:07:54,800 Hey, how are you doing? 599 01:07:54,800 --> 01:07:57,560 Jack on the rocks, perfect. You know what I like. 600 01:08:01,240 --> 01:08:03,520 # I had my share 601 01:08:05,080 --> 01:08:08,040 # I drank my fill 602 01:08:08,040 --> 01:08:10,640 # And even though 603 01:08:10,640 --> 01:08:12,320 # I'm satisfied 604 01:08:13,840 --> 01:08:16,680 # I'm hungry still... # 605 01:08:16,680 --> 01:08:20,320 Before this disaster, I had a lot of stuff. 606 01:08:20,320 --> 01:08:23,880 I was a classic consumer. 607 01:08:23,880 --> 01:08:30,080 Two years later, I've learned a lot about happiness and the pursuit thereof. 608 01:08:30,080 --> 01:08:31,920 # So here's to life 609 01:08:36,960 --> 01:08:41,680 # And every joy it brings... # 610 01:08:42,040 --> 01:08:45,720 Happiness is not in the latest gadget, 611 01:08:45,720 --> 01:08:50,320 the latest electric toothbrush or something like that. 612 01:08:50,320 --> 01:08:52,400 All of that stuff, 613 01:08:52,400 --> 01:08:53,960 it's just not the stuff of life. 614 01:08:53,960 --> 01:08:56,480 Not for me, any more 615 01:08:56,480 --> 01:08:58,080 # Here's to life 616 01:09:00,680 --> 01:09:02,800 # Here's to love 617 01:09:04,960 --> 01:09:08,600 # Here's to you. # 618 01:09:14,400 --> 01:09:15,480 BANG 619 01:09:15,480 --> 01:09:17,000 Come on! Stupid. 620 01:09:17,000 --> 01:09:18,600 BANG 621 01:09:34,160 --> 01:09:36,160 Climate scientists can estimate 622 01:09:36,160 --> 01:09:39,920 how much of the remaining fossil fuels we can safely burn. 623 01:09:39,920 --> 01:09:42,160 This amount is called the global cap. 624 01:09:44,200 --> 01:09:47,040 Under this proposal, the world's governments would make a binding 625 01:09:47,040 --> 01:09:50,720 international agreement detailing how to distribute the global cap. 626 01:09:50,720 --> 01:09:52,160 The earlier the start date, 627 01:09:52,160 --> 01:09:55,440 the greater the chance of not triggering runaway climate change. 628 01:09:55,440 --> 01:09:59,000 The total global emissions for the first year, say 2012, 629 01:09:59,000 --> 01:10:00,920 will be set at their current level. 630 01:10:00,920 --> 01:10:06,560 Every year following, they'd shrink until, by about 2065, they're almost zero. 631 01:10:06,560 --> 01:10:11,040 Initially, each country would be allocated an emissions quota 632 01:10:11,040 --> 01:10:13,600 according to how much they currently consume. 633 01:10:13,600 --> 01:10:16,240 But this would change over time. 634 01:10:16,240 --> 01:10:21,200 America would slash its emissions 90% from its current over-consuming position. 635 01:10:21,200 --> 01:10:24,840 Europe too would decrease massively, as would China. 636 01:10:24,840 --> 01:10:28,920 But India and Africa would increase until, by about 2025, 637 01:10:28,920 --> 01:10:30,640 each human being on the planet 638 01:10:30,640 --> 01:10:33,160 would have equal rights to the Earth's resources. 639 01:10:33,160 --> 01:10:36,720 Equity is the only option morally, and also practically, 640 01:10:36,720 --> 01:10:40,000 as developing countries won't sign up to anything less. 641 01:10:40,000 --> 01:10:43,600 The total emissions would then keep decreasing every year until, 642 01:10:43,600 --> 01:10:50,280 by 2065, we'll have weaned ourselves off fossil fuels and prevented the worst impacts of climate change. 643 01:10:50,280 --> 01:10:55,120 As to how each country divvies up its share to its citizens, there are various options on the table, 644 01:10:55,120 --> 01:10:58,560 the most promising of which is individual carbon rationing. 645 01:11:02,000 --> 01:11:04,480 Mr WS Morrison is here to explain. 646 01:11:04,480 --> 01:11:11,400 If, in the course of the war, we are short for a time of this or that article of food, 647 01:11:11,400 --> 01:11:19,160 rationing will give everyone, rich and poor alike, an equal share of all that's going. 648 01:11:19,160 --> 01:11:24,360 Under the scheme, everyone in UK would be allocated an annual carbon allowance. 649 01:11:24,360 --> 01:11:26,960 Stored electronically, like a supermarket loyalty card, 650 01:11:26,960 --> 01:11:30,800 points will be deducted every time we buy or use non-renewable energy. 651 01:11:30,800 --> 01:11:34,320 For example, using electricity to power appliances in the home. 652 01:11:34,320 --> 01:11:36,320 Or travelling somewhere by plane. 653 01:11:36,320 --> 01:11:37,800 Or even buying petrol for your car. 654 01:11:37,800 --> 01:11:40,960 The best way you can help is by rationing yourselves. 655 01:11:40,960 --> 01:11:46,440 I'm sure that all of you will buy your fair share and no more. 656 01:11:48,880 --> 01:11:52,400 Airports were expanding all over the world to cope 657 01:11:52,400 --> 01:11:56,520 with the exploding number of cheap flights we were all demanding. 658 01:11:56,520 --> 01:12:00,680 Jeh was doing everything he could to join the party. 659 01:12:00,680 --> 01:12:05,560 Ultimately, the art is to hug and then kick. 660 01:12:05,560 --> 01:12:09,920 She thinks the PSF is payable, you're saying the PSF is not payable, what's wrong with you? 661 01:12:09,920 --> 01:12:10,960 Now! 662 01:12:12,840 --> 01:12:14,080 Yes or no? 663 01:12:14,080 --> 01:12:17,880 Did I ask you that question or did I not ask you that question? 664 01:12:17,880 --> 01:12:21,880 You're suspended. You're suspended. Both of you come into my office right now. 665 01:12:21,880 --> 01:12:24,600 Does it take 20 more attendants to clean this? 666 01:12:24,600 --> 01:12:26,920 Keep paint with you. 667 01:12:26,920 --> 01:12:28,640 It's all in a day's work. 668 01:12:30,680 --> 01:12:34,240 Maintaining my brand means something to me, OK?! 669 01:12:34,240 --> 01:12:39,600 If I see my stepladder like this, and if I find dirt, 670 01:12:39,600 --> 01:12:41,560 you'll be fired! 671 01:12:41,560 --> 01:12:42,640 OK? 672 01:12:49,680 --> 01:12:51,080 Now! 673 01:13:01,040 --> 01:13:02,600 Yes. 674 01:13:16,880 --> 01:13:21,920 June 11th, 2007 in a hotel room in Bedford, 675 01:13:21,920 --> 01:13:27,040 Piers is polishing his speech for tonight's showdown with the local planning committee. 676 01:13:27,040 --> 01:13:30,560 This committee can approve this application. 677 01:13:30,560 --> 01:13:34,320 If you do, you will show courage and leadership. 678 01:13:34,320 --> 01:13:39,640 He has just six minutes to convince them to approve his wind farm. 679 01:13:39,640 --> 01:13:44,320 I'm absolutely confident that if you approve this project, 680 01:13:44,320 --> 01:13:48,440 you will look back on the decision and say "Thank goodness we said yes." 681 01:13:48,440 --> 01:13:53,360 But the committee rejected Piers's application, saying that his wind farm would be conspicuous 682 01:13:53,360 --> 01:13:55,720 and out of place in the Bedfordshire landscape. 683 01:13:55,720 --> 01:13:58,440 That it would decrease enjoyment of nearby footpaths 684 01:13:58,440 --> 01:14:02,480 and negatively impact a listed building and an ancient monument. 685 01:14:02,480 --> 01:14:05,480 In other words, it would spoil the view. 686 01:14:05,480 --> 01:14:07,480 We're delighted that it's been refused, yes. 687 01:14:07,480 --> 01:14:09,280 It's a wonderful result. 688 01:14:09,280 --> 01:14:12,400 It just shows if you work hard, if you look at all the facts, 689 01:14:12,400 --> 01:14:16,400 if you do it fair and with balance, you can get a good outcome. 690 01:14:16,400 --> 01:14:18,240 Ten against and one in favour. 691 01:14:18,240 --> 01:14:21,000 It might even have been 11 against and one in favour. 692 01:14:21,000 --> 01:14:23,320 But there was only one guy that actually... 693 01:14:23,320 --> 01:14:24,960 voted in favour of it. 694 01:14:26,760 --> 01:14:28,320 Cheers. 695 01:14:36,120 --> 01:14:37,640 Hi, Mum. It's Piers. 696 01:14:37,640 --> 01:14:41,600 I think it was 10-1 or 11-1 against. 697 01:14:41,600 --> 01:14:44,160 Yeah. Just fucking... 698 01:14:44,160 --> 01:14:45,680 Waste of time. 699 01:14:53,320 --> 01:14:55,760 I could have said anything, to be honest. 700 01:14:55,760 --> 01:14:58,440 I don't think it would have made any difference. 701 01:15:00,480 --> 01:15:02,520 Of course we're worried about global warming. 702 01:15:02,520 --> 01:15:06,240 That's got to be something that we're all concerned about. 703 01:15:06,240 --> 01:15:08,960 We're all doing our bit to try and conserve... 704 01:15:08,960 --> 01:15:10,800 And looking at renewable energy. 705 01:15:10,800 --> 01:15:13,040 Of course, absolutely, yeah. 706 01:15:14,520 --> 01:15:16,760 I mean, we're part of... 707 01:15:16,760 --> 01:15:18,160 Yes. 708 01:15:19,000 --> 01:15:21,240 And it is global warming. 709 01:15:21,240 --> 01:15:23,360 For the first time, scientists confirm the link 710 01:15:23,360 --> 01:15:25,800 between climate change and our awful weather. 711 01:15:25,800 --> 01:15:28,520 Emergency services scramble to Bedford's... 712 01:15:28,520 --> 01:15:31,560 As the flood waters finally work their way along the Great Ouse, 713 01:15:31,560 --> 01:15:33,680 other parts of Bedfordshire didn't escape. 714 01:15:33,680 --> 01:15:37,560 We've lived up here for over 40 years 715 01:15:37,560 --> 01:15:41,600 and we've never, ever had anything like this. 716 01:15:41,600 --> 01:15:45,680 At least 80,000 fatalities in Burma today after Cyclone Nargis... 717 01:15:45,680 --> 01:15:50,200 Emergency across Western Europe with drinking water strictly rationed in Holland, France... 718 01:15:50,200 --> 01:15:53,320 Forest fires, which are still sweeping across Spain... 719 01:15:53,320 --> 01:15:57,440 A price worth paying for motorists' right to drive, said Lord Clarkson. 720 01:15:57,440 --> 01:16:00,320 Good news for the UK wine industry, especially... 721 01:16:00,320 --> 01:16:04,720 The latest is that New Orleans will not be rebuilt a third time, said the Louisiana government. 722 01:16:04,720 --> 01:16:09,360 Total destruction of India's dams would end Pakistan's drinking water crisis. 723 01:16:09,360 --> 01:16:13,360 As US president Chelsea Clinton refuses Africa's demands for water... 724 01:16:14,960 --> 01:16:19,400 San Francisco's extraordinary heat wave continues into Los Angeles... 725 01:16:19,400 --> 01:16:21,360 Extreme weather somewhere on the planet... 726 01:16:21,360 --> 01:16:26,080 An estimated 35 million Chinese refugees... Skiing in the Alps is over. 727 01:16:26,080 --> 01:16:31,800 A new Channel Four documentary asks, is global warming really happening or a natural cycle... 728 01:16:31,800 --> 01:16:33,560 The highest land temperature... 729 01:16:33,560 --> 01:16:36,800 More than 100 million people are homeless tonight as... 730 01:16:36,800 --> 01:16:38,560 Massive methane emissions from Siberia... 731 01:16:38,560 --> 01:16:41,280 The last Indonesian tree found... 732 01:16:41,280 --> 01:16:45,200 The fuel crisis... The European Union today permanently closed all of its borders. 733 01:16:45,200 --> 01:16:47,400 Villages must be reserved for food production. 734 01:16:47,400 --> 01:16:51,960 London is under water again as last night's 30-foot storm surge overcame the Thames barrier... 735 01:16:51,960 --> 01:16:55,960 New Zealand has also now closed its borders, leaving 22 million stranded... 736 01:16:55,960 --> 01:17:01,840 100 million refugees from the Middle East and continental Europe are all heading north... 737 01:17:01,840 --> 01:17:06,200 Half of species are now extinct, scientists estimate and eco systems are collapsing... 738 01:17:06,200 --> 01:17:09,480 Past two degrees. We cannot now stop runaway climate change. 739 01:17:09,480 --> 01:17:11,920 There are simply too many people to feed. 740 01:17:11,920 --> 01:17:14,920 Suicide rates increase 800%. 741 01:17:14,920 --> 01:17:16,880 The Amazon rain forest is still burning. 742 01:17:16,880 --> 01:17:19,920 And anyone who cannot bear to eat their own cats and dogs... 743 01:17:19,920 --> 01:17:22,280 We are entering the eighth world food crisis. 744 01:17:22,280 --> 01:17:25,000 World temperatures today, passing four degrees. 745 01:17:25,000 --> 01:17:27,120 ..has launched retaliatory nuclear strikes... 746 01:17:39,200 --> 01:17:43,600 We wouldn't be the first life form to wipe itself out. 747 01:17:43,600 --> 01:17:49,440 But what would be unique about us is that we did it knowingly. 748 01:17:49,440 --> 01:17:52,680 What does that say about us? 749 01:17:52,680 --> 01:17:56,400 The question I've been asking is, 750 01:17:56,400 --> 01:17:59,240 why didn't we save ourselves when we had the chance? 751 01:17:59,240 --> 01:18:02,720 Is the answer because, on some level, 752 01:18:02,720 --> 01:18:05,160 we weren't sure if we were worth saving? 753 01:18:44,240 --> 01:18:45,600 TRANSLATION 754 01:19:12,600 --> 01:19:17,360 Please proceed near the aircraft and take care of your responsibilities. 755 01:19:17,360 --> 01:19:21,840 You know, if all of us stood united, the world would be different in every way. 756 01:19:21,840 --> 01:19:24,600 Unfortunately, that's not the reality. 757 01:19:24,600 --> 01:19:27,680 If we can't even stand united on eradicating poverty in the world, 758 01:19:27,680 --> 01:19:31,800 why does the health of the planet have any chance? 759 01:19:51,840 --> 01:19:53,440 Thank you, sir. 760 01:20:08,200 --> 01:20:14,320 In my opinion, our use or misuse of resources in the last hundreds years or so, 761 01:20:14,320 --> 01:20:20,320 I probably would rename that age something like "The Age Of Ignorance." 762 01:20:20,320 --> 01:20:22,440 "The Age Of Stupid." 763 01:20:34,480 --> 01:20:36,680 TRANSLATION 764 01:21:45,080 --> 01:21:47,080 TRANSLATION 765 01:22:10,640 --> 01:22:14,640 I just find it...surprising. 766 01:22:14,640 --> 01:22:21,360 That after so much effort, the final act of our existence should be suicide. 767 01:22:22,840 --> 01:22:25,360 So why did I build this archive? 768 01:22:25,360 --> 01:22:29,360 It's a cautionary tale. Not for us. 769 01:22:29,360 --> 01:22:31,440 Too late for us. 770 01:22:31,440 --> 01:22:33,320 But for... 771 01:22:33,320 --> 01:22:36,480 well, for whoever, 772 01:22:36,480 --> 01:22:38,160 whatever, 773 01:22:38,160 --> 01:22:40,360 eventually finds this recording. 774 01:22:53,760 --> 01:22:55,360 And away you go.