1 00:00:01,400 --> 00:00:03,000 {\an7}[film reel] 2 00:00:05,500 --> 00:00:07,400 {\an7}♪ [theme] 3 00:00:18,700 --> 00:00:20,900 {\an7}♪ ♪ 4 00:00:21,000 --> 00:00:22,600 {\an7}Prof. Tom Solomon: Two ordinary people, 5 00:00:22,800 --> 00:00:25,200 {\an7}one extraordinary experiment. 6 00:00:25,300 --> 00:00:26,700 {\an7}Charlotte: Morning, sleepy head. 7 00:00:26,800 --> 00:00:29,300 {\an7}\h\h\h\hNo, no, I won’t make it. 8 00:00:29,400 --> 00:00:31,200 {\an7}\h\h\h\hTom: We’ve created the world’s first body rig. 9 00:00:31,300 --> 00:00:33,300 {\an7}\hFor 24 hours, two volunteers 10 00:00:33,400 --> 00:00:36,200 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hwill go about their lives as normal, 11 00:00:36,300 --> 00:00:38,300 {\an7}\hbut we scientists will be watching them from our lab. 12 00:00:38,400 --> 00:00:40,600 {\an7}♪ ♪ 13 00:00:40,800 --> 00:00:43,300 {\an7}His heart rate \h\hjumps up. 14 00:00:43,400 --> 00:00:45,500 {\an7}Tom: They’re rigged with the latest non-invasive, 15 00:00:45,600 --> 00:00:49,100 {\an7}high-tech medical devices. 16 00:00:49,200 --> 00:00:51,600 {\an7}\h\hWhat we’re doing here is using the sorts of equipment 17 00:00:51,800 --> 00:00:54,600 {\an7}\h\hwe use in hospitals but for the first time, 18 00:00:54,700 --> 00:00:57,200 {\an7}we’re putting it all together \hto look at healthy people. 19 00:00:57,300 --> 00:00:59,300 {\an7}We scientists want to discover \h\h\h\hhow everything we do -- 20 00:00:59,400 --> 00:01:00,500 {\an7}how we sleep... 21 00:01:00,600 --> 00:01:02,800 {\an7}Mwah. 22 00:01:02,900 --> 00:01:04,000 {\an7}\h\hNone of that adds up to a good night’s sleep. 23 00:01:04,100 --> 00:01:05,100 {\an7}What we eat... 24 00:01:05,200 --> 00:01:06,600 {\an7}He’s starving. 25 00:01:06,700 --> 00:01:09,100 {\an7}Tom: The jobs we do... 26 00:01:09,200 --> 00:01:11,900 {\an7}This is clearly a problem \h\hhe needs to sort out. 27 00:01:12,000 --> 00:01:13,300 {\an7}Tom: ...impact upon our bodies \h\h\hand our long-term health. 28 00:01:13,400 --> 00:01:14,200 {\an7}[rings bell] Morning! 29 00:01:14,300 --> 00:01:16,900 {\an7}♪ ♪ 30 00:01:17,000 --> 00:01:19,000 {\an7}Tom: And when our volunteers, \h\h\h\h\h\hDave and Charlotte, 31 00:01:19,100 --> 00:01:20,600 {\an7}\h\hfinally meet us to get the results 32 00:01:20,800 --> 00:01:21,900 {\an7}of the 24-hour experiment... 33 00:01:22,000 --> 00:01:24,000 {\an7}[laughing] 34 00:01:24,100 --> 00:01:25,000 {\an7}Yeah, we thought, what is going on there? 35 00:01:25,100 --> 00:01:27,500 {\an7}[laughing] 36 00:01:27,600 --> 00:01:28,900 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hWill they change how they treat their bodies? 37 00:01:29,000 --> 00:01:31,000 {\an7}[beeping] 38 00:01:31,100 --> 00:01:33,200 {\an7}♪ [gentle] 39 00:01:33,300 --> 00:01:35,500 {\an7}♪ [light, upbeat] 40 00:01:35,600 --> 00:01:37,600 {\an7}Tom: So, let’s meet \h\h\hour volunteers. 41 00:01:37,700 --> 00:01:39,000 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hDave runs a courier business. 42 00:01:39,200 --> 00:01:41,200 {\an7}[phone rings] 43 00:01:41,300 --> 00:01:43,500 {\an7}\h\hGood morning. Clemview Couriers. 44 00:01:43,600 --> 00:01:46,100 {\an7}\h\hI’ve lost nearly three stone in weight 45 00:01:46,200 --> 00:01:48,600 {\an7}\h\hand I’m feeling much better for it. 46 00:01:48,700 --> 00:01:51,400 {\an7}Tom: Even so, like half of us \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hhe’s overweight 47 00:01:51,500 --> 00:01:54,000 {\an7}\hand struggling to lose any more. 48 00:01:54,100 --> 00:01:56,200 {\an7}But I’m not feeling as healthy \h\h\h\h\has I’d like to feel. 49 00:01:56,400 --> 00:01:58,800 {\an7}I’m not sleeping \hgreat at night 50 00:01:59,000 --> 00:02:01,600 {\an7}\h\h\hand I’d like to get to the truth behind that. 51 00:02:01,800 --> 00:02:04,400 {\an7}\h\hTom: With a young son and her own hairdressing business, 52 00:02:04,600 --> 00:02:06,700 {\an7}Charlotte is interested to see \h\h\h\h\hif her busy lifestyle 53 00:02:06,800 --> 00:02:07,800 {\an7}is affecting her health. 54 00:02:08,000 --> 00:02:10,400 {\an7}♪ ♪ 55 00:02:10,500 --> 00:02:13,600 {\an7}\h\h\h\hYeah, it’s difficult... [chuckles] to juggle everything. 56 00:02:13,800 --> 00:02:16,000 {\an7}Tom: She’s typical of the one in seven of us 57 00:02:16,200 --> 00:02:19,100 {\an7}who take regular painkillers \h\h\h\h\h\h\hfor headaches. 58 00:02:19,200 --> 00:02:21,600 {\an7}\h\hCharlotte: I think I’m relatively healthy, 59 00:02:21,700 --> 00:02:23,400 {\an7}but I’ve been getting quite bad headaches. 60 00:02:23,500 --> 00:02:25,800 {\an7}\h\hIt started with neck pain. 61 00:02:25,900 --> 00:02:27,900 {\an7}Tom: Dave and Charlotte \h\hare about to find out 62 00:02:28,000 --> 00:02:29,500 {\an7}if their lifestyles \h\h\hare to blame 63 00:02:29,600 --> 00:02:30,800 {\an7}for their health grumbles. 64 00:02:30,900 --> 00:02:32,800 {\an7}♪ ♪ 65 00:02:34,700 --> 00:02:37,800 {\an7}♪ [upbeat] 66 00:02:37,900 --> 00:02:40,400 {\an7}\hWe’re the scientists running the experiment. 67 00:02:40,500 --> 00:02:42,600 {\an7}\hIt’ll be our job to find the answers 68 00:02:42,800 --> 00:02:45,700 {\an7}to Dave and Charlotte’s \h\h\haches and pains. 69 00:02:45,800 --> 00:02:48,600 {\an7}But it’s also an incredible \hopportunity for us to see 70 00:02:48,800 --> 00:02:51,000 {\an7}\hlike never before how modern life impacts on the human body. 71 00:02:51,100 --> 00:02:54,200 {\an7}♪ ♪ 72 00:02:54,400 --> 00:02:57,200 {\an7}I’m Professor Tom Solomon, \h\h\h\h\h\ha neurologist. 73 00:02:57,300 --> 00:02:59,800 {\an7}Neurologists study the brain 74 00:02:59,900 --> 00:03:02,300 {\an7}and the brain is at the centre \h\h\h\h\hof everything we do. 75 00:03:02,400 --> 00:03:04,800 {\an7}Dave and Charlotte will be \h\hfitted with electrodes 76 00:03:04,900 --> 00:03:06,900 {\an7}to measure their brain waves \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hby picking up 77 00:03:07,000 --> 00:03:09,400 {\an7}the electrical activity \h\h\h\hon the surface. 78 00:03:09,600 --> 00:03:12,400 {\an7}What we’re doing here is using \h\h\h\hthe sorts of equipment 79 00:03:12,500 --> 00:03:15,100 {\an7}\hwe use in hospitals all the time to look at sick people. 80 00:03:15,200 --> 00:03:17,700 {\an7}\h\h\hBut for the first time, we’re putting it all together 81 00:03:17,800 --> 00:03:19,000 {\an7}to look at healthy people to \h\hsee what happens to them 82 00:03:19,200 --> 00:03:21,700 {\an7}in their normal day. 83 00:03:21,800 --> 00:03:24,800 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hI’m being joined by physiologist Dr. Jason Gill. 84 00:03:24,900 --> 00:03:27,200 {\an7}\h\hHe’ll be keeping tabs on the physical side of things. 85 00:03:27,300 --> 00:03:29,200 {\an7}Jason: I think it’s helpful \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hto understand 86 00:03:29,400 --> 00:03:30,200 {\an7}what people are doing \h\h\h\h\hin the wild. 87 00:03:30,400 --> 00:03:32,800 {\an7}♪ ♪ 88 00:03:32,900 --> 00:03:34,700 {\an7}I’ll be analyzing the data \h\hfrom biometric devices 89 00:03:34,800 --> 00:03:36,200 {\an7}fitted all over \htheir bodies. 90 00:03:36,300 --> 00:03:38,400 {\an7}♪ ♪ 91 00:03:38,600 --> 00:03:40,600 {\an7}So the beauty of this is \h\h\h\h\hwe’re measuring 92 00:03:40,700 --> 00:03:43,400 {\an7}absolutely everything \h\h\h\h\hpeople do. 93 00:03:43,500 --> 00:03:45,800 {\an7}And a lot of the little things that we don’t even think about 94 00:03:45,900 --> 00:03:48,300 {\an7}are probably important \hin terms of our risk 95 00:03:48,400 --> 00:03:50,600 {\an7}\h\hof developing a number of diseases later in life. 96 00:03:50,700 --> 00:03:53,000 {\an7}\h\hTom: Investigating how everything affects 97 00:03:53,200 --> 00:03:56,000 {\an7}our emotions, Dr. Lia Ali \h\h\h\h\ha psychiatrist. 98 00:03:56,100 --> 00:03:58,700 {\an7}♪ ♪ 99 00:03:58,800 --> 00:04:00,100 {\an7}\h\hLia: Psychiatry involves looking at a number of things 100 00:04:00,200 --> 00:04:02,400 {\an7}integrated together. 101 00:04:02,600 --> 00:04:05,000 {\an7}Physical symptoms, the kind of mental, 102 00:04:05,100 --> 00:04:07,000 {\an7}\h\h\hthe mind symptoms, and also very importantly 103 00:04:07,100 --> 00:04:08,600 {\an7}\h\hthe contexts that they’re in. 104 00:04:08,700 --> 00:04:10,600 {\an7}I’ll use high-tech glasses 105 00:04:10,800 --> 00:04:12,000 {\an7}which track where \hthe eyes focus. 106 00:04:12,100 --> 00:04:14,000 {\an7}♪ ♪ 107 00:04:14,100 --> 00:04:16,400 {\an7}Our visual sense \his so important 108 00:04:16,600 --> 00:04:18,900 {\an7}\h\hand it tells us how they might be processing 109 00:04:19,000 --> 00:04:19,800 {\an7}all the different demands \h\h\hon their attention. 110 00:04:19,900 --> 00:04:22,900 {\an7}♪ ♪ 111 00:04:23,000 --> 00:04:25,200 {\an7}Tom: Let’s start the clock. 112 00:04:25,300 --> 00:04:27,000 {\an7}The 24-hour experiment \h\his just beginning. 113 00:04:27,100 --> 00:04:28,800 {\an7}♪ [gentle] 114 00:04:32,000 --> 00:04:33,600 {\an7}[Dave snoring] 115 00:04:33,800 --> 00:04:35,400 {\an7}♪ ♪ 116 00:04:38,500 --> 00:04:40,600 {\an7}We’re watching \hfrom our lab, 117 00:04:40,800 --> 00:04:42,400 {\an7}\h\hready to respond nds as the day unfolds. 118 00:04:42,600 --> 00:04:44,200 {\an7}[Dave snoring] 119 00:04:52,500 --> 00:04:54,700 {\an7}A heat-imaging camera 120 00:04:54,800 --> 00:04:57,000 {\an7}shows Dave and his wife Claire asleep. 121 00:04:57,200 --> 00:04:57,400 {\an7}\hDave’s brainwaves are being recorded. 122 00:05:00,900 --> 00:05:02,000 {\an7}[beeping] 123 00:05:02,200 --> 00:05:04,500 {\an7}[alarm rings] 124 00:05:04,600 --> 00:05:07,600 {\an7}Jason: The 5:45 alarm’s \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hgone off. 125 00:05:07,700 --> 00:05:09,500 {\an7}Interestingly if we look at his EEG, 126 00:05:09,600 --> 00:05:12,100 {\an7}which is the brainwave recorder, 127 00:05:12,200 --> 00:05:15,700 {\an7}we find that he’s going from light sleep to awake. 128 00:05:15,800 --> 00:05:17,200 {\an7}That’s a change :45 alarm’s over a few seconds. 129 00:05:17,300 --> 00:05:19,100 {\an7}♪ [upbeat guitar] 130 00:05:19,200 --> 00:05:21,300 {\an7}What’s going on \hin your brain 131 00:05:21,400 --> 00:05:23,600 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hat the moment when the alarm goes off 132 00:05:23,800 --> 00:05:24,900 {\an7}can make a big difference \h\h\h\h\hto how you feel 133 00:05:25,000 --> 00:05:25,400 {\an7}when you get up. 134 00:05:29,900 --> 00:05:31,500 {\an7}Throughout the night \hyour sleep cycles: 135 00:05:31,600 --> 00:05:32,500 {\an7}\h\hlight sleep and deep sleep. 136 00:05:32,600 --> 00:05:35,900 {\an7}[snoring] 137 00:05:36,000 --> 00:05:38,700 {\an7}That Dave was woken up \h\h\h\hin light sleep 138 00:05:38,800 --> 00:05:41,700 {\an7}which means he’s going to have \h\h\ha great start to the day. 139 00:05:41,800 --> 00:05:44,300 {\an7}In contrast, if the alarm had \hwoken him up from deep sleep, 140 00:05:44,400 --> 00:05:46,400 {\an7}he’d be groggy for quite \h\h\ha while afterwards. 141 00:05:46,600 --> 00:05:47,900 {\an7}\h\h\h\hLia: As it is, Dave’s raring to go... 142 00:05:48,000 --> 00:05:48,600 {\an7}sort of. 143 00:05:51,800 --> 00:05:55,200 {\an7}Dave has a microchip constantly \h\h\h\h\hmonitoring his heart. 144 00:05:55,300 --> 00:05:57,800 {\an7}Ticking, I hope. 145 00:05:58,000 --> 00:06:00,000 {\an7}Lia: Our hearts have to work \h\h\h\h\h\hparticularly hard 146 00:06:00,200 --> 00:06:02,600 {\an7}in the morning to get us \h\h\h\h\hup and moving, 147 00:06:02,700 --> 00:06:04,200 {\an7}which is why it’s the most \h\hcommon time of the day 148 00:06:04,300 --> 00:06:06,000 {\an7}\h\h\h\hto have a heart attack. 149 00:06:06,100 --> 00:06:08,800 {\an7}We can see from the heart rate 150 00:06:09,000 --> 00:06:11,400 {\an7}\hhe responded quite quickly to that alarm and got straight up. 151 00:06:11,600 --> 00:06:12,800 {\an7}The stress hormone cortisol \h\h\h\hpeaks at this time 152 00:06:12,900 --> 00:06:15,400 {\an7}to get the body going, 153 00:06:15,500 --> 00:06:17,400 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hbut this can also place pressure on the heart. 154 00:06:17,500 --> 00:06:19,900 {\an7}With the cortisol changes, 155 00:06:20,000 --> 00:06:21,900 {\an7}you’re kind of getting the blood flowing to your muscles, 156 00:06:22,000 --> 00:06:23,200 {\an7}\h\hyou’re starting to move and get up. 157 00:06:23,400 --> 00:06:25,800 {\an7}[clapping rhythmically] 158 00:06:26,000 --> 00:06:28,200 {\an7}Dave is at an increased risk \h\h\h\h\hof a heart attack, 159 00:06:28,300 --> 00:06:29,800 {\an7}because in common with \ha quarter of adults, 160 00:06:30,000 --> 00:06:32,200 {\an7}he has high blood pressure; 161 00:06:32,300 --> 00:06:34,200 {\an7}something else which \h\his being measured 162 00:06:34,300 --> 00:06:36,000 {\an7}\has part of his 24-hour body rig. 163 00:06:36,100 --> 00:06:38,900 {\an7}Tom: Fantastic. 164 00:06:39,000 --> 00:06:41,100 {\an7}When the heart pumps blood \h\h\h\h\haround the body, 165 00:06:41,200 --> 00:06:42,500 {\an7}it exerts a pressure \hon the inside wall 166 00:06:42,600 --> 00:06:44,600 {\an7}of the blood vessels. 167 00:06:44,700 --> 00:06:46,800 {\an7}And when this pressure \h\h\h\h\his too high, 168 00:06:47,000 --> 00:06:49,000 {\an7}it can cause damage to the blood vessels 169 00:06:49,100 --> 00:06:51,600 {\an7}\h\h\h\hand also makes the heart work harder. 170 00:06:51,700 --> 00:06:54,600 {\an7}Lia: But Dave has recently \h\h\h\hstarted to exercise 171 00:06:54,800 --> 00:06:56,800 {\an7}as part of his ongoing mission \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hto lose weight. 172 00:07:00,200 --> 00:07:02,000 {\an7}Dave: We’re trying a bit of trotting, 173 00:07:02,200 --> 00:07:03,500 {\an7}as I would describe it \h\h\h\hat the moment, 174 00:07:03,600 --> 00:07:05,800 {\an7}trotting and walking. 175 00:07:05,900 --> 00:07:09,900 {\an7}If you do some exercise before you eat any food, 176 00:07:10,000 --> 00:07:12,600 {\an7}what happens is your body burns much, much more fat 177 00:07:12,700 --> 00:07:15,200 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hover the exercise and also over the rest of the day. 178 00:07:15,400 --> 00:07:16,100 {\an7}\hHe’s doing exactly the right thing here. 179 00:07:16,200 --> 00:07:18,800 {\an7}♪ ♪ 180 00:07:18,900 --> 00:07:21,000 {\an7}Lia: I’ve pulled up \h\h\hthe heart rate. 181 00:07:21,200 --> 00:07:23,900 {\an7}\hJason: What happens is his heart rate goes 182 00:07:24,000 --> 00:07:25,600 {\an7}\hfrom 80 beats per minute up to about 130 beats per minute 183 00:07:25,800 --> 00:07:25,900 {\an7}within a couple \h\hof minutes. 184 00:07:30,000 --> 00:07:32,400 {\an7}\h\h\h\hAnd it stays up for the next 30 minutes or so. 185 00:07:32,500 --> 00:07:34,800 {\an7}Dave’s heart beats faster 186 00:07:35,000 --> 00:07:37,100 {\an7}to pump more oxygen \h\hto his muscles. 187 00:07:37,200 --> 00:07:39,900 {\an7}\h\h\hThis enables them to burn more calories. 188 00:07:40,000 --> 00:07:45,200 {\an7}\hOkay, so Dave’s run for about 25 minutes. 189 00:07:45,300 --> 00:07:47,500 {\an7}And at the speed he’s run at \h\h\hfor someone his size, 190 00:07:47,600 --> 00:07:50,000 {\an7}he would have burnt... \habout 250 calories. 191 00:07:53,300 --> 00:07:55,500 {\an7}\hBut it looks like Dave’s run 192 00:07:55,600 --> 00:07:56,600 {\an7}has had another positive effect \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hon his health. 193 00:07:59,100 --> 00:08:01,600 {\an7}What’s this drop, Jason? He’s right down to 164. 194 00:08:01,800 --> 00:08:04,600 {\an7}Okay, so that makes \h\h\hperfect sense. 195 00:08:04,700 --> 00:08:07,200 {\an7}When you exercise, you get \ha drop in blood pressure. 196 00:08:07,300 --> 00:08:09,200 {\an7}And that’s because your blood \h\h\hvessels are all dilated 197 00:08:09,400 --> 00:08:11,200 {\an7}and it’s much easier \h\h\hfor the heart 198 00:08:11,300 --> 00:08:13,400 {\an7}to pump the blood \h\h\hagainst it, 199 00:08:13,600 --> 00:08:16,100 {\an7}so you get a reduction \h\hin blood pressure, 200 00:08:16,200 --> 00:08:17,000 {\an7}so that’s one of the real, big benefits of exercise. 201 00:08:17,100 --> 00:08:21,500 {\an7}♪ ♪ 202 00:08:21,600 --> 00:08:23,300 {\an7}Tom: We’re now going to shift \h\hour attention to Charlotte 203 00:08:23,400 --> 00:08:25,800 {\an7}as she starts her day. 204 00:08:25,900 --> 00:08:27,600 {\an7}♪ ♪ 205 00:08:30,600 --> 00:08:32,700 {\an7}[alarm rings] 206 00:08:32,800 --> 00:08:35,800 {\an7}A full hour and a half \h\h\hlater than Dave, 207 00:08:36,000 --> 00:08:39,000 {\an7}\hshe’s in light sleep but she hits "snooze." 208 00:08:39,100 --> 00:08:41,300 {\an7}On average we Brits snooze \h\h\h\h\h\hfor 25 minutes 209 00:08:41,400 --> 00:08:44,900 {\an7}after the alarm first goes off. 210 00:08:45,000 --> 00:08:48,000 {\an7}She decided to go back, nod off to sleep again. 211 00:08:48,200 --> 00:08:50,900 {\an7}Charlotte’s brainwaves reveal 212 00:08:51,000 --> 00:08:55,600 {\an7}she’s now gone into dream \h\h\h\h\h\hor REM sleep. 213 00:08:55,700 --> 00:08:57,800 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hREM sleep, or rapid eye movement sleep, 214 00:08:58,000 --> 00:08:59,800 {\an7}is when, even though you’re fast asleep, 215 00:08:59,900 --> 00:09:00,600 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hyour eyes are moving rapidly. 216 00:09:00,800 --> 00:09:02,900 {\an7}♪ ♪ 217 00:09:03,000 --> 00:09:05,600 {\an7}The brain is so active \h\h\hduring REM sleep 218 00:09:05,700 --> 00:09:09,400 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hthat the brainwaves look similar to awake waves. 219 00:09:09,600 --> 00:09:12,200 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hAnd interestingly, if you look at how much energy 220 00:09:12,400 --> 00:09:14,300 {\an7}the brain is burning when you’re relaxing 221 00:09:14,400 --> 00:09:16,500 {\an7}\h\h\hand not thinking of anything very much, 222 00:09:16,600 --> 00:09:19,000 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hyour brain uses about 60 calories an hour. 223 00:09:19,100 --> 00:09:21,000 {\an7}\hIn REM sleep, it’s just like when you’re thinking 224 00:09:21,100 --> 00:09:23,000 {\an7}and really concentrating \h\h\h\hduring the day, 225 00:09:23,200 --> 00:09:25,600 {\an7}\h\h\hit uses about 90 calories an hour. 226 00:09:25,700 --> 00:09:28,400 {\an7}We are, on average, two pounds \h\h\h\hlighter in the morning 227 00:09:28,600 --> 00:09:29,200 {\an7}\h\hbecause of everything our bodies do when we’re asleep. 228 00:09:32,300 --> 00:09:34,300 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hJust to keep our internal organs going, 229 00:09:34,400 --> 00:09:36,600 {\an7}our body needs energy \h\h\h\hand will burn, 230 00:09:36,700 --> 00:09:38,600 {\an7}on average, 500 to 600 \h\hcalories overnight 231 00:09:38,700 --> 00:09:40,600 {\an7}just lying in bed \h\hdoing nothing. 232 00:09:43,700 --> 00:09:45,700 {\an7}\h\hTom: At 7:30, Charlotte is woken 233 00:09:45,800 --> 00:09:48,400 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hby the noise of her partner leaving. 234 00:09:48,600 --> 00:09:51,400 {\an7}\h\hAs she was dreaming and not in light sleep 235 00:09:51,500 --> 00:09:53,000 {\an7}since hitting snooze, she finds \h\hwaking up harder than Dave. 236 00:09:53,100 --> 00:09:54,600 {\an7}[Charlotte sighs] 237 00:09:54,800 --> 00:09:57,200 {\an7}She probably won’t feel great. 238 00:09:57,400 --> 00:10:00,100 {\an7}\h\h\hYou’re not saying that she shouldn’t have a lie-in? 239 00:10:00,200 --> 00:10:02,400 {\an7}It wasn’t much of a fun lie-in \haccording to the EEG trace. 240 00:10:02,500 --> 00:10:04,600 {\an7}♪ ♪ 241 00:10:04,800 --> 00:10:06,800 {\an7}[Harry barking] 242 00:10:06,900 --> 00:10:08,000 {\an7}Charlotte: Harry! 243 00:10:08,200 --> 00:10:13,900 {\an7}Stop it now. Stop. 244 00:10:14,000 --> 00:10:16,200 {\an7}Lia: The body rig includes \h\h\heye tracking glasses 245 00:10:16,300 --> 00:10:18,400 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hto help us see Charlotte’s point of view. 246 00:10:18,500 --> 00:10:22,400 {\an7}Charlotte: [chuckles] \h\h\hOh, sleepy head. 247 00:10:22,600 --> 00:10:25,600 {\an7}\h\hLia: First in her sites, her sleepy 8-year-old Alfie. 248 00:10:25,800 --> 00:10:27,600 {\an7}So, this is really interesting here. 249 00:10:27,700 --> 00:10:28,200 {\an7}Charlotte’s coming \hto see her son. 250 00:10:31,800 --> 00:10:33,800 {\an7}\h\h\hAnd you can see focusing on his eyes 251 00:10:34,000 --> 00:10:36,600 {\an7}and down to his mouth \h\h\hand back again. 252 00:10:36,800 --> 00:10:38,600 {\an7}You can already see how much affection she’s got for him. 253 00:10:38,800 --> 00:10:40,600 {\an7}\h\h\hShe’s using something called 254 00:10:40,800 --> 00:10:43,100 {\an7}the facial recognition \h\h\h\h\h\h\htriangle. 255 00:10:43,200 --> 00:10:45,900 {\an7}\h\h\hAnd this is a really important part of the way 256 00:10:46,000 --> 00:10:48,600 {\an7}\h\hwe develop our ability to recognize emotions in others. 257 00:10:48,800 --> 00:10:49,700 {\an7}\h\h\hIt’s a really important, special function of the brain. 258 00:10:49,800 --> 00:10:50,700 {\an7}[loud yawn] 259 00:10:50,800 --> 00:10:52,700 {\an7}[laughing] 260 00:10:52,800 --> 00:10:54,800 {\an7}So, studies with dogs \h\h\h\h\h\hhave found 261 00:10:54,900 --> 00:10:57,600 {\an7}\h\h\hthat they can do a bit of that as well. 262 00:10:57,700 --> 00:11:00,300 {\an7}\h\hAnd that’s probably what makes them really good pets. 263 00:11:00,400 --> 00:11:02,600 {\an7}\h\h\h\hBecause it’s probably the way they seem to be able 264 00:11:02,800 --> 00:11:05,400 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hto understand our emotions a bit more. 265 00:11:05,600 --> 00:11:07,400 {\an7}I don’t think anyone’s managed \h\hto do that with cats yet, 266 00:11:07,600 --> 00:11:08,700 {\an7}so we don’t know \h\h\habout them. 267 00:11:08,800 --> 00:11:10,300 {\an7}[Charlotte laughs] 268 00:11:10,400 --> 00:11:12,200 {\an7}Alfie: Can I have the iPad? 269 00:11:12,300 --> 00:11:14,800 {\an7}Yes, you can have \h\h\h\hthe iPad. 270 00:11:15,000 --> 00:11:16,600 {\an7}She must love him; she’s gonna \h\h\h\hlet him have the iPad. 271 00:11:16,700 --> 00:11:17,400 {\an7}\h\hFirst thing in the morning. 272 00:11:17,600 --> 00:11:18,700 {\an7}♪ ♪ 273 00:11:18,800 --> 00:11:20,500 {\an7}Jason: It’s 8:07. 274 00:11:20,600 --> 00:11:23,000 {\an7}Dave’s been up for two hours. 275 00:11:23,100 --> 00:11:25,200 {\an7}Charlotte’s just got up, \h\h\h\hbut it looks like 276 00:11:25,400 --> 00:11:26,200 {\an7}they’re both having \htheir breakfast. 277 00:11:26,300 --> 00:11:28,800 {\an7}♪ ♪ 278 00:11:29,000 --> 00:11:31,400 {\an7}We’re keeping a close track \h\hof everything they eat. 279 00:11:31,500 --> 00:11:34,000 {\an7}♪ ♪ 280 00:11:34,100 --> 00:11:36,800 {\an7}\h\hThis is really, really interesting 281 00:11:36,900 --> 00:11:38,200 {\an7}because she’s having pretty much the same breakfast as Dave. 282 00:11:38,300 --> 00:11:41,300 {\an7}Dave’s a big guy. 283 00:11:41,400 --> 00:11:43,300 {\an7}That’s a really small breakfast for a big guy. 284 00:11:43,400 --> 00:11:45,500 {\an7}\h\hThat’s probably about 300 calories. 285 00:11:45,600 --> 00:11:48,000 {\an7}\hEspecially someone who’s been on a run. 286 00:11:48,100 --> 00:11:50,000 {\an7}Jason: So is he consciously \h\h\h\h\htrying to eat less 287 00:11:50,100 --> 00:11:51,800 {\an7}because he’s trying \h\hto lose weight, 288 00:11:52,000 --> 00:11:54,400 {\an7}\h\h\h\hor is that how hungry he is? 289 00:11:54,600 --> 00:11:55,700 {\an7}So, let’s hope this doesn’t \h\h\hcome back to bite him 290 00:11:55,800 --> 00:11:56,000 {\an7}later in the day. 291 00:11:59,600 --> 00:12:01,100 {\an7}♪ ♪ 292 00:12:02,600 --> 00:12:03,600 {\an7}Charlotte: Get in! 293 00:12:03,700 --> 00:12:04,400 {\an7}Oh, my god. 294 00:12:04,600 --> 00:12:08,600 {\an7}♪ ♪ 295 00:12:08,700 --> 00:12:10,200 {\an7}Lia: It’s 9:30, and we can see \h\h\h\h\hhairdresser Charlotte 296 00:12:10,300 --> 00:12:12,300 {\an7}is running late. 297 00:12:12,400 --> 00:12:13,600 {\an7}\h\hShe should be at work by 10:00. 298 00:12:13,700 --> 00:12:16,500 {\an7}♪ ♪ 299 00:12:16,600 --> 00:12:19,500 {\an7}Charlotte: Onto the curb. 300 00:12:19,600 --> 00:12:20,800 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hLia: But first, she’s dropping her son off. 301 00:12:21,000 --> 00:12:23,100 {\an7}♪ ♪ 302 00:12:23,200 --> 00:12:25,000 {\an7}\h\hCharlotte: Right, now we’re going to ride 303 00:12:25,200 --> 00:12:27,600 {\an7}all the way down \h\h\hthis road. 304 00:12:27,700 --> 00:12:29,600 {\an7}\h\h\h\hSo the eye tracking is really interesting here. 305 00:12:29,700 --> 00:12:31,200 {\an7}\hSo, she’s doing a lot of things. 306 00:12:31,300 --> 00:12:33,800 {\an7}She’s riding the bike herself. 307 00:12:33,900 --> 00:12:36,000 {\an7}She’s also giving instructions \h\h\h\h\hto her son as well. 308 00:12:36,200 --> 00:12:38,000 {\an7}Her eye gaze is on her son, \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hon the bike, 309 00:12:38,200 --> 00:12:38,800 {\an7}\h\hup to the bus, back to the bike. 310 00:12:39,000 --> 00:12:41,800 {\an7}Hang on. 311 00:12:42,000 --> 00:12:43,200 {\an7}She’s assessing all the risks for herself and for her son. 312 00:12:43,300 --> 00:12:45,000 {\an7}Charlotte: Okay, cross. 313 00:12:45,200 --> 00:12:47,500 {\an7}♪ ♪ 314 00:12:47,600 --> 00:12:49,700 {\an7}Tom: Rigged to Charlotte’s head are electrodes 315 00:12:49,800 --> 00:12:52,100 {\an7}\hgiving a readout of her brainwaves. 316 00:12:52,200 --> 00:12:54,600 {\an7}I can see a frequency \h\h\h\hwe call beta 317 00:12:54,800 --> 00:12:56,700 {\an7}\h\h\hwhich happens when the brain is very alert. 318 00:12:56,800 --> 00:12:59,200 {\an7}Charlotte: This way. 319 00:12:59,400 --> 00:13:01,400 {\an7}If you look at the EEG \h\h\hyou can see here 320 00:13:01,600 --> 00:13:04,200 {\an7}\h\h\hthere’s lots of beta activity, 321 00:13:04,300 --> 00:13:07,000 {\an7}so she’s really concentrating \h\h\h\h\hon having to absorb 322 00:13:07,200 --> 00:13:08,300 {\an7}everything that’s going on and \hmake really quick decisions. 323 00:13:08,400 --> 00:13:10,600 {\an7}Watch this donut. 324 00:13:10,700 --> 00:13:12,700 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hHere’s my brain which I always take with me 325 00:13:12,800 --> 00:13:14,500 {\an7}whenever I go to parties. 326 00:13:14,600 --> 00:13:17,200 {\an7}♪ ♪ 327 00:13:17,400 --> 00:13:19,300 {\an7}Visual information \h\h\hfrom her eyes 328 00:13:19,400 --> 00:13:21,900 {\an7}\h\h\h\his processed at the back of the brain. 329 00:13:22,000 --> 00:13:24,500 {\an7}The skills she needs \hto control the bike 330 00:13:24,600 --> 00:13:27,200 {\an7}come from the motor strip \h\hof her frontal lobe. 331 00:13:27,400 --> 00:13:30,500 {\an7}The right side processes \h\h\hspatial awareness. 332 00:13:30,600 --> 00:13:33,200 {\an7}And the left side deals with \h\h\h\hspeech and language. 333 00:13:33,400 --> 00:13:36,300 {\an7}And all that’s going on, \ha 100 billion neurons 334 00:13:36,400 --> 00:13:39,400 {\an7}\h\h\h\hall interacting, and she’s totally unaware of it. 335 00:13:39,600 --> 00:13:41,500 {\an7}\hCharlotte: Buddy! Give me a kiss, babe. 336 00:13:41,600 --> 00:13:42,800 {\an7}Love you. 337 00:13:42,900 --> 00:13:46,000 {\an7}Bye, darling. 338 00:13:46,200 --> 00:13:47,500 {\an7}\h\h\h\hLia: Charlotte is a self-employed hairdresser 339 00:13:47,600 --> 00:13:50,600 {\an7}at a salon nearby. 340 00:13:50,700 --> 00:13:53,800 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hShe’s had to forego immaculate hair herself today 341 00:13:54,000 --> 00:13:56,000 {\an7}because of the electrodes \hattached to her scalp. 342 00:13:56,100 --> 00:13:57,000 {\an7}Morning. 343 00:13:57,200 --> 00:13:59,800 {\an7}♪ ♪ 344 00:13:59,900 --> 00:14:02,200 {\an7}Lia: She’s also rigged \h\h\hwith microchips. 345 00:14:02,300 --> 00:14:04,500 {\an7}They measure her heart rate, \h\h\h\h\h\h\hher breathing, 346 00:14:04,600 --> 00:14:06,100 {\an7}her activity levels, \hher glucose levels 347 00:14:06,200 --> 00:14:07,000 {\an7}and her posture. 348 00:14:07,100 --> 00:14:09,200 {\an7}♪ ♪ 349 00:14:12,300 --> 00:14:14,600 {\an7}Morning! 350 00:14:14,700 --> 00:14:16,900 {\an7}Lia: She walks through \h\hthe door at 10:06, 351 00:14:17,000 --> 00:14:18,700 {\an7}late for her first client. 352 00:14:18,800 --> 00:14:19,500 {\an7}Charlotte: Don’t ask. 353 00:14:19,600 --> 00:14:21,800 {\an7}[laughs] 354 00:14:22,000 --> 00:14:24,300 {\an7}She’s focusing on the faces \h\h\h\h\h\h\hagain quickly. 355 00:14:24,400 --> 00:14:26,300 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hCharlotte: Did you get my message? \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hNo. 356 00:14:26,400 --> 00:14:28,700 {\an7}\h\hI just said that I was running late. 357 00:14:28,800 --> 00:14:30,000 {\an7}We saw her, didn’t we, looking at her watch, 358 00:14:30,200 --> 00:14:32,500 {\an7}worrying about the time. 359 00:14:32,600 --> 00:14:34,500 {\an7}So she must have been \h\hthinking about that 360 00:14:34,600 --> 00:14:36,700 {\an7}as she was coming \hinto the shop. 361 00:14:36,800 --> 00:14:39,200 {\an7}She’s already got to manage people 362 00:14:39,300 --> 00:14:40,000 {\an7}\h\h\h\hbecause she knows she’s a little bit late. 363 00:14:40,100 --> 00:14:42,300 {\an7}[sighs] 364 00:14:42,400 --> 00:14:44,700 {\an7}I could so do with a holiday \h\h\h\h\h\h\hat the minute. 365 00:14:44,800 --> 00:14:47,400 {\an7}Lia: There’s an issue \h\hwith modern stress. 366 00:14:47,500 --> 00:14:50,000 {\an7}\h\h\h\hAs we were evolving and we evolved our stress response, 367 00:14:50,200 --> 00:14:52,900 {\an7}it was usually in response \h\h\hto physical threats. 368 00:14:53,000 --> 00:14:53,800 {\an7}Modern stress tends to be more \hof a psychological variety. 369 00:14:53,900 --> 00:14:54,800 {\an7}♪ ♪ 370 00:14:54,900 --> 00:14:57,600 {\an7}[growling] 371 00:14:57,700 --> 00:14:59,900 {\an7}\hGetting stressed is all about preparing for fight or flight. 372 00:15:00,000 --> 00:15:02,400 {\an7}The brain prepares the body for action 373 00:15:02,500 --> 00:15:04,300 {\an7}by sending a message to the adrenal glands 374 00:15:04,400 --> 00:15:06,400 {\an7}which sit on top \hof the kidneys 375 00:15:06,500 --> 00:15:08,900 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hto produce the hormone adrenaline. 376 00:15:09,000 --> 00:15:10,600 {\an7}This pumps around the body \h\hincreasing heart rate, 377 00:15:10,700 --> 00:15:13,600 {\an7}sweat and mental alertness. 378 00:15:13,700 --> 00:15:16,300 {\an7}The trouble is, if we humans don’t use our stress hormones 379 00:15:16,400 --> 00:15:18,600 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hto fight or flight, it can make us feel irritable 380 00:15:18,700 --> 00:15:19,800 {\an7}\hand suffer head or stomach aches. 381 00:15:20,000 --> 00:15:21,800 {\an7}♪ ♪ 382 00:15:26,100 --> 00:15:28,300 {\an7}Tom: From the body rig lab, 383 00:15:28,400 --> 00:15:29,200 {\an7}\h\hwe scientists are also following Dave. 384 00:15:29,300 --> 00:15:32,600 {\an7}♪ ♪ 385 00:15:32,700 --> 00:15:34,300 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hDave runs a courier business 386 00:15:34,400 --> 00:15:36,900 {\an7}from an office in the garden. 387 00:15:37,000 --> 00:15:38,200 {\an7}He’s one of four million Brits \h\h\h\h\h\hwho work from home. 388 00:15:38,300 --> 00:15:40,800 {\an7}♪ ♪ 389 00:15:40,900 --> 00:15:42,800 {\an7}Got a chap on his way \h\h\hto North Wales. 390 00:15:42,900 --> 00:15:45,400 {\an7}There’s no problem \h\hwith that one. 391 00:15:45,600 --> 00:15:47,800 {\an7}\h\h\hTom: Like Charlotte, he’s rigged with microchips 392 00:15:48,000 --> 00:15:49,400 {\an7}\hrecording his heart, breathing, blood sugar, 393 00:15:49,600 --> 00:15:50,600 {\an7}activity and posture. 394 00:15:50,800 --> 00:15:52,900 {\an7}♪ ♪ 395 00:15:53,000 --> 00:15:54,300 {\an7}Hello, love. All right? 396 00:15:54,400 --> 00:15:57,200 {\an7}I’ll wash up in a bit. 397 00:15:57,400 --> 00:15:59,800 {\an7}♪ ♪ 398 00:15:59,900 --> 00:16:01,200 {\an7}Tom: They’re both also providing urine samples 399 00:16:01,300 --> 00:16:02,200 {\an7}throughout the day. 400 00:16:03,800 --> 00:16:06,600 {\an7}Don’t drop it, Dave. 401 00:16:06,700 --> 00:16:09,000 {\an7}Tom: The heart rate monitor suggests he’s calm and well. 402 00:16:09,100 --> 00:16:12,100 {\an7}♪ ♪ 403 00:16:12,200 --> 00:16:15,800 {\an7}[phone rings] 404 00:16:16,000 --> 00:16:18,000 {\an7}\h\hGood morning. Clemview Couriers. 405 00:16:18,200 --> 00:16:19,800 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hJason: te monitor His heart rate spiked. 406 00:16:19,900 --> 00:16:22,000 {\an7}I’ll have a look at that on here. 407 00:16:22,200 --> 00:16:23,800 {\an7}\hBut a phone call changes everything. 408 00:16:24,000 --> 00:16:26,400 {\an7}They can’t find \hthe delivery. 409 00:16:26,600 --> 00:16:27,800 {\an7}\h\hJason: Yeah, so exactly when the phone call happens, 410 00:16:28,000 --> 00:16:30,600 {\an7}he’s dealing with this. 411 00:16:30,800 --> 00:16:32,500 {\an7}\hAnd he’s dealing with it quite calmly on the outside 412 00:16:32,600 --> 00:16:34,400 {\an7}but his heart rate \h\h\h\hjumps up. 413 00:16:34,500 --> 00:16:37,000 {\an7}Maybe 25 beats \h\hper minute. 414 00:16:37,100 --> 00:16:39,100 {\an7}\hAnd it can’t be physical activity 415 00:16:39,200 --> 00:16:40,800 {\an7}because we can see he’s sitting down. 416 00:16:41,000 --> 00:16:42,800 {\an7}\h\hApparently, the guys on site 417 00:16:43,000 --> 00:16:44,100 {\an7}\h\hare struggling to find the goods. 418 00:16:44,200 --> 00:16:45,200 {\an7}Did you see that? 419 00:16:45,400 --> 00:16:47,500 {\an7}The eye gaze. 420 00:16:47,600 --> 00:16:49,400 {\an7}If you notice he hesitates \h\h\h\h\h\hvery slightly 421 00:16:49,500 --> 00:16:51,800 {\an7}as he’s pulling \hthat pad out 422 00:16:51,900 --> 00:16:53,800 {\an7}and I think that’s because \h\h\h\hhe’s attending to 423 00:16:53,900 --> 00:16:55,900 {\an7}\h\h\h\hwhat the person is saying on the phone. 424 00:16:56,000 --> 00:16:57,000 {\an7}He looks a little bit \h\h\h\hstrained here. 425 00:16:57,100 --> 00:16:58,000 {\an7}Oh, crikey. 426 00:16:58,100 --> 00:17:00,000 {\an7}All right. 427 00:17:00,100 --> 00:17:02,200 {\an7}\hLia: Look how serious he’s got 428 00:17:02,400 --> 00:17:04,900 {\an7}compared to how he was \h\ha few minutes ago. 429 00:17:05,000 --> 00:17:06,200 {\an7}This is clearly a problem he’s needing to sort now. 430 00:17:06,400 --> 00:17:08,500 {\an7}Something’s gone missing 431 00:17:08,600 --> 00:17:10,100 {\an7}\h\hor they’re not able to deliver or something. 432 00:17:10,200 --> 00:17:11,800 {\an7}Dave: All right, see you later. 433 00:17:11,900 --> 00:17:14,800 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hBye. Bye-bye, bye-bye. 434 00:17:15,000 --> 00:17:16,400 {\an7}Lia: Even so, he still manages \hto kiss his daughter goodbye. 435 00:17:16,500 --> 00:17:19,300 {\an7}He’s not abrupt with her. 436 00:17:19,400 --> 00:17:21,300 {\an7}And you’d think if he wasn’t \hcoping so well with stress, 437 00:17:21,400 --> 00:17:22,600 {\an7}he might sacrifice that \h\h\h\h\h\ha little bit 438 00:17:22,800 --> 00:17:23,900 {\an7}but he manages not to. 439 00:17:24,000 --> 00:17:24,800 {\an7}[shredder buzzes] 440 00:17:24,900 --> 00:17:27,200 {\an7}Filed. 441 00:17:27,300 --> 00:17:29,400 {\an7}Tom: It’s not a relaxing day \h\h\h\h\h\h\hanymore, is it? 442 00:17:29,500 --> 00:17:30,700 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hLook at him; he’s very stressed there. 443 00:17:30,800 --> 00:17:33,400 {\an7}He looks really anxious. 444 00:17:33,500 --> 00:17:35,300 {\an7}\h\h\hLia: And you can see his eye gaze is flicking around now 445 00:17:35,400 --> 00:17:38,100 {\an7}much more quickly \h\h\hthan it was. 446 00:17:38,200 --> 00:17:40,900 {\an7}We probably don’t realize that we’re all doing this 447 00:17:41,000 --> 00:17:43,400 {\an7}as soon as we come in to contact with a stressful situation. 448 00:17:43,600 --> 00:17:46,100 {\an7}\h\hBut what we’re doing is we’re trying to become aware 449 00:17:46,200 --> 00:17:48,600 {\an7}of dangers that might be \h\habout to threaten us. 450 00:17:48,800 --> 00:17:50,700 {\an7}So that is why we see Dave’s point of focus 451 00:17:50,800 --> 00:17:52,000 {\an7}fluttering all over \h\h\h\hthe place. 452 00:17:52,100 --> 00:17:54,000 {\an7}[telephone rings] 453 00:17:54,200 --> 00:17:55,400 {\an7}Hang on, I’ve written \h\h\hthat number down 454 00:17:55,500 --> 00:17:56,800 {\an7}three times wrongly. 455 00:17:57,000 --> 00:17:58,800 {\an7}Lia: Did you see that? 456 00:17:58,900 --> 00:18:01,000 {\an7}He is finding this \hquite stressful. 457 00:18:01,200 --> 00:18:03,900 {\an7}It’s the flight or fight \h\hresponse, isn’t it? 458 00:18:04,000 --> 00:18:06,500 {\an7}\hHe’s suddenly being attacked. There’s a problem on the phone. 459 00:18:06,600 --> 00:18:08,800 {\an7}He doesn’t actually physically \h\h\h\hneed to get up and run, 460 00:18:09,000 --> 00:18:11,600 {\an7}but the physiological response \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\his the same. 461 00:18:11,700 --> 00:18:13,900 {\an7}\h\h\hHeart rate goes up, pupils dilate, blood pressure goes up, 462 00:18:14,000 --> 00:18:15,800 {\an7}\harteries constrict and he’s ready for anything. 463 00:18:16,000 --> 00:18:17,800 {\an7}So I’ve got to go \h\h\h20-odd miles 464 00:18:18,000 --> 00:18:18,700 {\an7}\h\hand I’m gonna sort this one out. 465 00:18:18,800 --> 00:18:19,600 {\an7}♪ ♪ 466 00:18:23,500 --> 00:18:24,700 {\an7}\h\hOh, Thad, you know what? 467 00:18:24,800 --> 00:18:27,200 {\an7}I’m ever so thirsty. 468 00:18:27,300 --> 00:18:29,500 {\an7}Jason: At 11:13, this is \hCharlotte’s first drink 469 00:18:29,600 --> 00:18:31,600 {\an7}\hsince breakfast three hours ago, 470 00:18:31,800 --> 00:18:34,000 {\an7}\h\hso she could be getting dehydrated. 471 00:18:34,200 --> 00:18:35,400 {\an7}We only see her drink \ha few sips of tea. 472 00:18:35,500 --> 00:18:38,800 {\an7}♪ ♪ 473 00:18:38,900 --> 00:18:40,900 {\an7}Back to Dave. 474 00:18:41,000 --> 00:18:43,600 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hAt 11:21, he’s clearly stressed 475 00:18:43,700 --> 00:18:46,000 {\an7}\h\hand heading out to find the missing package himself 476 00:18:46,100 --> 00:18:46,800 {\an7}\hwhile fielding calls from an unhappy client. 477 00:18:50,800 --> 00:18:52,500 {\an7}[beep] 478 00:18:52,600 --> 00:18:54,200 {\an7}I didn’t actually do-- 479 00:18:54,300 --> 00:18:56,900 {\an7}I didn’t actually do the drop. 480 00:18:57,000 --> 00:18:58,200 {\an7}\hThe driver tells me it was halfway down the factories. 481 00:18:58,300 --> 00:19:00,400 {\an7}[beep] 482 00:19:00,500 --> 00:19:02,700 {\an7}Tom: He’s got this guy \h\h\h\h\hon the phone 483 00:19:02,800 --> 00:19:04,500 {\an7}screaming and shouting \hand swearing at him. 484 00:19:04,600 --> 00:19:06,300 {\an7}\hHe’s obviously got an address. 485 00:19:06,400 --> 00:19:08,900 {\an7}\hSo, we’re at 11:28, 11:30. 486 00:19:09,000 --> 00:19:10,600 {\an7}And he’s gone to that address \h\h\h\h\hand he’s dropped it, 487 00:19:10,800 --> 00:19:14,500 {\an7}as most couriers would have done. 488 00:19:14,600 --> 00:19:16,400 {\an7}This may be a tiny little blip \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hin heart rate, 489 00:19:16,500 --> 00:19:18,400 {\an7}but not very much \h\h\h\hgoing on. 490 00:19:18,600 --> 00:19:20,700 {\an7}\h\h\hHe’s dealing with the situation 491 00:19:20,800 --> 00:19:23,200 {\an7}really, really calmly \h\h\h\hon the phone. 492 00:19:23,400 --> 00:19:26,100 {\an7}\h\h\h\hThe surprising thing is when we look at his EEG, 493 00:19:26,200 --> 00:19:27,400 {\an7}his brain activity, what you see is he’s not quite as stressed 494 00:19:27,600 --> 00:19:29,400 {\an7}as you might expect. 495 00:19:29,600 --> 00:19:31,000 {\an7}\h\h\h\hJust coming out of Stowbridge now, mate, 496 00:19:31,100 --> 00:19:31,800 {\an7}I’m on my way over there. 497 00:19:32,000 --> 00:19:34,100 {\an7}[beep] 498 00:19:34,200 --> 00:19:36,400 {\an7}When any of these things \h\hhappen to any of us 499 00:19:36,500 --> 00:19:39,200 {\an7}\h\hin any of our work, the worst element of it 500 00:19:39,400 --> 00:19:41,600 {\an7}is something bad’s happened and you can’t do anything about it 501 00:19:41,700 --> 00:19:43,800 {\an7}\h\hor you don’t know what to do about it. 502 00:19:44,000 --> 00:19:46,000 {\an7}\h\h\hOnce you actually start dealing with it, 503 00:19:46,200 --> 00:19:47,900 {\an7}then you are a bit calmer, \h\h\h\h\h\h\haren’t you? 504 00:19:48,000 --> 00:19:49,000 {\an7}\h\h\h\hCertainly, I am with my work. 505 00:19:49,200 --> 00:19:51,100 {\an7}Bye, bye, bye. 506 00:19:51,200 --> 00:19:52,000 {\an7}Bit of industrial language, \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hthen. 507 00:19:52,100 --> 00:19:52,200 {\an7}♪ ♪ 508 00:19:54,400 --> 00:19:56,500 {\an7}Tom: He shouldn’t \hreally be tired. 509 00:19:56,600 --> 00:19:57,800 {\an7}He went for his run to wake himself up, 510 00:19:58,000 --> 00:20:00,200 {\an7}he’s had some breakfast. 511 00:20:00,400 --> 00:20:02,600 {\an7}Jason: He’s been awake \h\h\hnearly six hours. 512 00:20:02,700 --> 00:20:03,900 {\an7}He’s had about 300 calories \h\h\h\h\h\h\hworth of food. 513 00:20:04,000 --> 00:20:05,200 {\an7}I think he’s struggling. 514 00:20:05,400 --> 00:20:08,100 {\an7}His eyes look tired. 515 00:20:08,200 --> 00:20:11,100 {\an7}\hI’d be interested to see what his glucose is doing right now. 516 00:20:11,200 --> 00:20:13,700 {\an7}\hLet’s see what else \h\h\h\h\his going on. Shall we have a look? 517 00:20:13,800 --> 00:20:15,900 {\an7}Jason: Dave’s been rigged \h\h\hwith a glucose sensor 518 00:20:16,000 --> 00:20:18,600 {\an7}\h\h\hmeasuring his blood sugar levels. 519 00:20:18,700 --> 00:20:20,600 {\an7}Will this give us an insight \h\h\hinto why he’s flagging? 520 00:20:20,800 --> 00:20:22,100 {\an7}So yes, his glucose \h\h\his pretty low. 521 00:20:22,200 --> 00:20:24,400 {\an7}Yeah it is, isn’t it? 522 00:20:24,500 --> 00:20:25,900 {\an7}It’s come down quite quickly \h\h\h\h\h\hsince breakfast. 523 00:20:26,000 --> 00:20:28,000 {\an7}He needs something to eat. 524 00:20:28,100 --> 00:20:30,800 {\an7}\h\h\h\hTom: But Dave isn’t stopping to eat. 525 00:20:30,900 --> 00:20:31,600 {\an7}He’s off to the factory to look \h\h\hfor the missing package. 526 00:20:31,800 --> 00:20:33,000 {\an7}♪ ♪ 527 00:20:33,200 --> 00:20:34,900 {\an7}Meanwhile at the salon, 528 00:20:35,000 --> 00:20:37,300 {\an7}\hCharlotte is grabbing lunch. 529 00:20:37,400 --> 00:20:39,200 {\an7}What flavour rice is this? \h\h\h\hIt’s really nice. 530 00:20:39,400 --> 00:20:41,900 {\an7}She’s still busy; \hshe’s on the go. 531 00:20:42,000 --> 00:20:44,100 {\an7}She’s having to grab a couple \h\h\h\hof mouthfuls of rice. 532 00:20:44,200 --> 00:20:46,200 {\an7}So that’s a problem \ha lot of us have. 533 00:20:46,300 --> 00:20:48,200 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTom: rab a couple One in three Brits admits 534 00:20:48,400 --> 00:20:51,200 {\an7}\h\hto wolfing down their food at work 535 00:20:51,300 --> 00:20:53,800 {\an7}with only half the population \hsitting at a proper table. 536 00:20:54,000 --> 00:20:56,100 {\an7}Jason: Another quick couple \h\h\h\hof mouthfuls of food. 537 00:20:56,200 --> 00:20:57,000 {\an7}So she’s really having \h\h\hto eat on the go. 538 00:20:57,100 --> 00:20:59,900 {\an7}♪ ♪ 539 00:21:00,000 --> 00:21:01,400 {\an7}I count just six mouthfuls; approximately 150 calories. 540 00:21:01,500 --> 00:21:04,000 {\an7}♪ ♪ 541 00:21:04,100 --> 00:21:06,800 {\an7}\h\hShe’s spending a lot of her day on her feet. 542 00:21:07,000 --> 00:21:09,700 {\an7}A lot of the people are sitting down at a desk during the day. 543 00:21:09,800 --> 00:21:13,700 {\an7}\hThere is some evidence that spending large periods of time 544 00:21:13,800 --> 00:21:15,900 {\an7}sitting down over the day is actually a risk factor 545 00:21:16,000 --> 00:21:18,400 {\an7}for a number of diseases \h\h\hlike heart disease 546 00:21:18,600 --> 00:21:21,900 {\an7}\h\hand diabetes independent of how much exercise you do. 547 00:21:22,000 --> 00:21:23,700 {\an7}\h\h\hSo her standing up throughout the whole day 548 00:21:23,800 --> 00:21:26,100 {\an7}\his probably a good thing. 549 00:21:26,200 --> 00:21:28,800 {\an7}My mum’s a hairdresser \h\h\h\h\h\hactually. 550 00:21:28,900 --> 00:21:31,000 {\an7}I’m interested to see what her position’s like here, 551 00:21:31,200 --> 00:21:33,800 {\an7}because my mum has quite a lot of back problems. 552 00:21:34,000 --> 00:21:36,600 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hCharlotte has a microchip on her leg 553 00:21:36,800 --> 00:21:38,900 {\an7}recording activity levels and another on her spine, 554 00:21:39,000 --> 00:21:40,600 {\an7}which at the end \hof the 24 hours 555 00:21:40,700 --> 00:21:42,600 {\an7}will analyze her posture. 556 00:21:42,700 --> 00:21:44,500 {\an7}Thank you, darlin’. 557 00:21:44,600 --> 00:21:47,400 {\an7}♪ ♪ 558 00:21:47,600 --> 00:21:49,000 {\an7}Jason: While Dave’s \hinside the factory 559 00:21:49,200 --> 00:21:51,800 {\an7}trying to sort things out, 560 00:21:51,900 --> 00:21:53,600 {\an7}we’re still getting a reading \h\h\h\hof his medical data. 561 00:21:53,800 --> 00:21:56,500 {\an7}His heart rate is high. 562 00:21:56,600 --> 00:21:58,600 {\an7}It’s sort of sitting up getting close to 100 beats per minute. 563 00:21:58,800 --> 00:22:01,400 {\an7}And then suddenly problem’s sorted, 564 00:22:01,600 --> 00:22:05,400 {\an7}heart rate drops right back down to 80-odd beats per minute. 565 00:22:05,600 --> 00:22:08,800 {\an7}\h\hAll the time the goods were with their colleagues 566 00:22:08,900 --> 00:22:10,900 {\an7}in another part of the factory \h\h\h\h\hin the right place. 567 00:22:11,000 --> 00:22:13,500 {\an7}\hSo, nothing to do with us. 568 00:22:13,600 --> 00:22:16,800 {\an7}\h\h\hNot our fault and sort of a massive sigh of relief 569 00:22:16,900 --> 00:22:20,500 {\an7}that it was nothing \h\hwe’d done wrong 570 00:22:20,600 --> 00:22:25,000 {\an7}\hand certainly nothing that my customer had done wrong neither. 571 00:22:25,100 --> 00:22:28,800 {\an7}\h\h\h\hLia: It’s 2:16 and Dave’s eye tracking glasses 572 00:22:29,000 --> 00:22:30,800 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hwill show what’s on his mind. 573 00:22:30,900 --> 00:22:32,700 {\an7}You look at him \hin the queue. 574 00:22:32,800 --> 00:22:34,100 {\an7}\hYou catch sight of him looking -- 575 00:22:34,200 --> 00:22:36,400 {\an7}Looking at the cakes! 576 00:22:36,600 --> 00:22:38,600 {\an7}He wants something to eat. \h\h\h\h\h\h\hHe’s hungry. 577 00:22:38,800 --> 00:22:40,600 {\an7}Can I have a small latte to take away, please. 578 00:22:40,700 --> 00:22:42,800 {\an7}And he’s got himself \h\h\h\h\ha coffee. 579 00:22:43,000 --> 00:22:45,100 {\an7}Caffeine in the coffee \h\hthat he’s drinking 580 00:22:45,200 --> 00:22:48,000 {\an7}\h\hwill interact with receptors in the brain 581 00:22:48,200 --> 00:22:50,400 {\an7}\hand that will have the effect of making him feel more alert. 582 00:22:50,500 --> 00:22:52,400 {\an7}But what he really needs \hat this point is food. 583 00:22:52,600 --> 00:22:54,400 {\an7}He hasn’t had anything \h\h\hsince breakfast, 584 00:22:54,600 --> 00:22:56,500 {\an7}so his body needs \hthose calories 585 00:22:56,600 --> 00:22:57,900 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hto keep his blood sugar levels up. 586 00:22:58,000 --> 00:22:59,400 {\an7}God, that tastes good. 587 00:22:59,600 --> 00:23:02,400 {\an7}♪ ♪ 588 00:23:02,600 --> 00:23:04,800 {\an7}\hLia: At 2:22 eds in the afternoon, 589 00:23:05,000 --> 00:23:06,400 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hCharlotte makes her first trip to the loo 590 00:23:06,500 --> 00:23:08,800 {\an7}since waking up. 591 00:23:08,900 --> 00:23:11,100 {\an7}She’s got a pot of urine, \h\h\h\h\h\ha pot of pee. 592 00:23:11,200 --> 00:23:13,400 {\an7}This is only the second pee \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hof the day 593 00:23:13,500 --> 00:23:15,700 {\an7}\h\hand Dave’s had four at this point, I think. 594 00:23:15,800 --> 00:23:18,000 {\an7}\hOne thing I noticed is it was very, very dark, 595 00:23:18,200 --> 00:23:20,700 {\an7}which might suggest \hshe’s dehydrated. 596 00:23:20,800 --> 00:23:25,100 {\an7}Tom: The average human body \his about 70 percent water. 597 00:23:25,200 --> 00:23:28,800 {\an7}About ten cups of water a day \h\h\hare lost by breathing, 598 00:23:28,900 --> 00:23:29,800 {\an7}\hsweating, urinating, and eliminating waste. 599 00:23:32,800 --> 00:23:35,600 {\an7}Lia: Even a small amount \h\h\h\h\hof dehydration 600 00:23:35,700 --> 00:23:37,600 {\an7}causes the chemical processes \h\hin the body to slow down, 601 00:23:37,700 --> 00:23:39,900 {\an7}resulting in tiredness \h\h\h\hand headaches. 602 00:23:40,000 --> 00:23:43,200 {\an7}Severe dehydration \hcauses delirium, 603 00:23:43,400 --> 00:23:44,200 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hshowing how vital water is for brain health. 604 00:23:44,300 --> 00:23:45,000 {\an7}♪ ♪ 605 00:23:50,600 --> 00:23:52,400 {\an7}I’ve had a splitting headache \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hall day. 606 00:23:55,500 --> 00:23:58,000 {\an7}\h\h\h\hIf you can grab me the tablets out of my bag. 607 00:23:58,200 --> 00:24:00,300 {\an7}She’s asked for some tablets. \h\h\h\hShe’s got a headache. 608 00:24:00,400 --> 00:24:02,800 {\an7}Perhaps not that surprising 609 00:24:02,900 --> 00:24:04,800 {\an7}given that it sounds like \hshe’s a bit dehydrated. 610 00:24:04,900 --> 00:24:05,600 {\an7}She’s not had enough fluid. 611 00:24:05,800 --> 00:24:07,000 {\an7}♪ ♪ 612 00:24:07,200 --> 00:24:09,600 {\an7}Oh, thank you. Sorry. 613 00:24:09,800 --> 00:24:12,000 {\an7}Cheers, Dan. 614 00:24:12,200 --> 00:24:14,600 {\an7}Tom: I’ve made a note \hto talk to Charlotte 615 00:24:14,700 --> 00:24:16,100 {\an7}about the painkillers when we finally meet. 616 00:24:16,200 --> 00:24:19,200 {\an7}♪ ♪ 617 00:24:19,400 --> 00:24:21,200 {\an7}Taking occasional painkillers \h\hfor the odd headache work, 618 00:24:21,400 --> 00:24:24,100 {\an7}\h\hbut if you take too many painkillers 619 00:24:24,200 --> 00:24:26,200 {\an7}\h\hevery day or every few days, 620 00:24:26,400 --> 00:24:28,300 {\an7}then you get into this vicious cycle 621 00:24:28,400 --> 00:24:30,000 {\an7}where the painkillers \h\h\h\h\hare actually 622 00:24:30,200 --> 00:24:31,800 {\an7}\h\hcontributing to the headache. 623 00:24:31,900 --> 00:24:33,900 {\an7}We think what’s happening is, 624 00:24:34,000 --> 00:24:36,200 {\an7}you have receptors \h\h\hin your brain 625 00:24:36,300 --> 00:24:38,200 {\an7}\hthat are the ones for stopping pain. 626 00:24:38,300 --> 00:24:39,900 {\an7}\h\hAnd if you take so many painkillers, 627 00:24:40,000 --> 00:24:42,400 {\an7}it’s almost like they switch off. 628 00:24:42,600 --> 00:24:43,800 {\an7}They say, well, the painkillers are doing the job here. 629 00:24:43,900 --> 00:24:44,600 {\an7}We’ll stop working. 630 00:24:44,800 --> 00:24:47,200 {\an7}♪ ♪ 631 00:24:47,300 --> 00:24:49,000 {\an7}Lia: It’s 2:52 and we know \h\hDave is hungry, tired, 632 00:24:49,200 --> 00:24:51,200 {\an7}and the traffic \his building. 633 00:24:51,300 --> 00:24:54,000 {\an7}A call from his wife \h\h\h\h\hreminds him 634 00:24:54,200 --> 00:24:56,200 {\an7}that he’s supposed to be taking \h\h\htheir daughter somewhere. 635 00:24:56,400 --> 00:24:57,600 {\an7}What time is she supposed \h\h\h\h\h\h\hto be there? 636 00:24:57,700 --> 00:24:59,800 {\an7}Claire: Half 3:00. 637 00:25:00,000 --> 00:25:02,400 {\an7}\h\hWhat time is it now? No, no, I won’t make it. 638 00:25:02,500 --> 00:25:03,700 {\an7}I’ve had a right nightmare. \h\hYou don’t want to know. 639 00:25:03,800 --> 00:25:04,400 {\an7}I’ll explain later. 640 00:25:11,700 --> 00:25:13,200 {\an7}♪ ♪ 641 00:25:17,500 --> 00:25:20,500 {\an7}It’s 3:15 and Dave, who’s only \h\heaten two Weetabix all day, 642 00:25:20,600 --> 00:25:22,800 {\an7}is back home. 643 00:25:25,300 --> 00:25:28,100 {\an7}So he’s having some food now. 644 00:25:28,200 --> 00:25:30,400 {\an7}Jason: So, it looks like he’s \hhaving some instant noodles. 645 00:25:30,600 --> 00:25:32,400 {\an7}I think one of the things is \h\h\h\h\h\h\hhe’s starving. 646 00:25:32,600 --> 00:25:35,100 {\an7}It’s very high \h\hin sodium. 647 00:25:35,200 --> 00:25:35,800 {\an7}It’s not gonna be \h\hvery filling. 648 00:25:39,000 --> 00:25:40,300 {\an7}\h\h\hAnd he’s added salt. Lia: He’s just added salt. 649 00:25:40,400 --> 00:25:41,900 {\an7}He’s added salt to it. 650 00:25:42,000 --> 00:25:43,000 {\an7}It’s really, really salty. 651 00:25:43,100 --> 00:25:45,600 {\an7}Ow, that’s hot. 652 00:25:45,700 --> 00:25:48,100 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hTom: high We all need salt 653 00:25:48,200 --> 00:25:50,100 {\an7}\h\hbecause it’s essential for our bodily functions. 654 00:25:50,200 --> 00:25:52,600 {\an7}And if we get low \h\hin salt levels 655 00:25:52,800 --> 00:25:54,900 {\an7}we get a craving and then \h\hwhen we get the salt, 656 00:25:55,000 --> 00:25:57,400 {\an7}we get the reward within the brain. 657 00:25:57,600 --> 00:25:59,800 {\an7}\h\h\h\hAnd interestingly, studies in mice have shown 658 00:26:00,000 --> 00:26:01,600 {\an7}it’s exactly the same \h\hpathways for salt 659 00:26:01,700 --> 00:26:03,300 {\an7}\h\has it is for other addictions 660 00:26:03,400 --> 00:26:05,800 {\an7}such as nicotine and other drugs. 661 00:26:06,000 --> 00:26:08,400 {\an7}Jason: Dave has become \h\hso addicted to salt 662 00:26:08,500 --> 00:26:11,000 {\an7}that he needs to eat lots \h\h\hto taste anything. 663 00:26:11,200 --> 00:26:14,400 {\an7}Cardboard food. 664 00:26:14,500 --> 00:26:17,500 {\an7}\h\h\hJason: The problem is Dave is the very last person 665 00:26:17,600 --> 00:26:20,200 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hwho should be consuming lots of salt. 666 00:26:20,400 --> 00:26:22,800 {\an7}It has an effect of raising \h\h\h\hyour blood pressure, 667 00:26:22,900 --> 00:26:25,000 {\an7}so adding salt for somebody \h\hwith high blood pressure 668 00:26:25,100 --> 00:26:26,400 {\an7}\h\h\his probably not the best thing to do. 669 00:26:26,500 --> 00:26:28,600 {\an7}♪ ♪ 670 00:26:28,700 --> 00:26:30,300 {\an7}Tom: It’s 4:18. 671 00:26:30,400 --> 00:26:33,000 {\an7}You are all done. 672 00:26:33,200 --> 00:26:34,400 {\an7}Tom: And so is Charlotte. It’s her last appointment. 673 00:26:34,600 --> 00:26:37,100 {\an7}Cheers, babe. 674 00:26:37,200 --> 00:26:38,800 {\an7}Sara, I’m sorry for not eating \h\h\h\hthe lunch you gave me. 675 00:26:39,000 --> 00:26:41,400 {\an7}Why didn’t ya? 676 00:26:41,500 --> 00:26:42,800 {\an7}\h\h\h\hI didn’t have time. I had about four spoonfuls. 677 00:26:42,900 --> 00:26:46,000 {\an7}♪ ♪ 678 00:26:46,200 --> 00:26:49,600 {\an7}Jason: Actually, it was six, \h\h\h\h\h\hbut that was all. 679 00:26:49,700 --> 00:26:52,600 {\an7}\h\h\h\hPlus one cup of tea drunk cold over many hours. 680 00:26:52,800 --> 00:26:55,000 {\an7}A small latte and a few sips of water to take painkillers. 681 00:26:55,200 --> 00:26:56,800 {\an7}♪ ♪ 682 00:26:57,000 --> 00:26:59,300 {\an7}See you later! 683 00:26:59,400 --> 00:27:00,400 {\an7}Jason: Will this change \h\h\hwhen she gets home? 684 00:27:00,600 --> 00:27:02,400 {\an7}♪ ♪ 685 00:27:02,600 --> 00:27:03,800 {\an7}\h\h\h\hJob done, heading off home. 686 00:27:03,900 --> 00:27:07,400 {\an7}♪ ♪ 687 00:27:07,500 --> 00:27:10,200 {\an7}Jason: She’s getting in \h\h\h\h\h\hsome activity 688 00:27:10,300 --> 00:27:11,500 {\an7}\h\hbut it’s also helping her to relax at the end of the day. 689 00:27:11,600 --> 00:27:13,400 {\an7}[Charlotte singing] 690 00:27:13,600 --> 00:27:14,800 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hLia: elping her Is she singing here? 691 00:27:14,900 --> 00:27:16,300 {\an7}[Charlotte singing] 692 00:27:16,400 --> 00:27:18,000 {\an7}I can hear her singing. 693 00:27:20,900 --> 00:27:23,000 {\an7}Oh, look at that, \h\hshe stopped. 694 00:27:23,100 --> 00:27:25,000 {\an7}I think that’s when \h\hthe eye tracking 695 00:27:25,100 --> 00:27:26,400 {\an7}\h\hcatches sight of the group of girls. 696 00:27:26,600 --> 00:27:29,000 {\an7}And she stopped. 697 00:27:29,200 --> 00:27:30,700 {\an7}She must feel a little bit \hself-conscious about it. 698 00:27:30,800 --> 00:27:33,500 {\an7}And singing interestingly 699 00:27:33,600 --> 00:27:36,100 {\an7}\h\hcomes from the right side of the brain, rather than the left; 700 00:27:36,200 --> 00:27:39,000 {\an7}whereas, normal, spoken speech \h\h\h\h\hcomes from the left. 701 00:27:39,100 --> 00:27:41,000 {\an7}\hShe’s happily singing along and then she sees these girls. 702 00:27:41,100 --> 00:27:43,400 {\an7}\h\h\h\hAnd suddenly something stops her, 703 00:27:43,600 --> 00:27:45,700 {\an7}and that’s the frontal lobes \h\h\h\h\hwhich are the bit 704 00:27:45,800 --> 00:27:46,700 {\an7}that stop you doing embarrassing things. 705 00:27:46,800 --> 00:27:49,600 {\an7}[singing] 706 00:27:49,700 --> 00:27:51,700 {\an7}Tom: We think singing is good \h\h\hfor us for many reasons. 707 00:27:51,800 --> 00:27:53,600 {\an7}It releases endorphins \h\h\h\hin the brains, 708 00:27:53,800 --> 00:27:55,000 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hwhich are the happy chemical. 709 00:27:55,100 --> 00:27:57,100 {\an7}You’re breathing more. 710 00:27:57,200 --> 00:27:59,000 {\an7}\h\h\hYou’re using up a few more calories, 711 00:27:59,200 --> 00:28:01,400 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hbut you’re also concentrating. 712 00:28:01,500 --> 00:28:03,400 {\an7}And it’s good to concentrate \h\h\h\h\h\h\hon something; 713 00:28:03,600 --> 00:28:05,400 {\an7}that actually helps \h\h\hrelieve stress 714 00:28:05,600 --> 00:28:07,600 {\an7}\h\hbecause you’re not thinking about 715 00:28:07,700 --> 00:28:08,400 {\an7}\h\h\h\hall the things you’re worrying about. 716 00:28:08,600 --> 00:28:08,700 {\an7}♪ ♪ 717 00:28:09,700 --> 00:28:10,400 {\an7}Hey, baby! 718 00:28:10,600 --> 00:28:12,800 {\an7}Hello. 719 00:28:13,000 --> 00:28:13,700 {\an7}Lia: She’s really affectionate \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hwith that dog. 720 00:28:13,800 --> 00:28:15,100 {\an7}♪ ♪ 721 00:28:15,200 --> 00:28:17,300 {\an7}What do we have here? 722 00:28:17,400 --> 00:28:19,200 {\an7}So she’s grabbing \h\ha scotch egg. 723 00:28:19,300 --> 00:28:22,100 {\an7}So she’s hungry. 724 00:28:22,200 --> 00:28:24,900 {\an7}She’s not eaten very much \h\h\h\h\hduring the day. 725 00:28:25,000 --> 00:28:26,400 {\an7}So she’s come in and grabs the first thing that was available 726 00:28:26,600 --> 00:28:28,300 {\an7}because she was hungry. 727 00:28:28,400 --> 00:28:30,400 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTom: and grabs the She’s similar to Dave. 728 00:28:30,600 --> 00:28:32,200 {\an7}\hJason: Charlotte and Dave’s snacking 729 00:28:32,400 --> 00:28:34,600 {\an7}\his typical of us Brits. 730 00:28:34,700 --> 00:28:37,400 {\an7}In fact, most of us \hsnack twice a day 731 00:28:37,600 --> 00:28:39,000 {\an7}\h\hwith 40 percent consuming more calories through snacks 732 00:28:39,100 --> 00:28:39,800 {\an7}than with regular meals. 733 00:28:40,000 --> 00:28:41,500 {\an7}♪ ♪ 734 00:28:41,600 --> 00:28:43,000 {\an7}Come here. 735 00:28:43,100 --> 00:28:46,600 {\an7}♪ ♪ 736 00:28:46,800 --> 00:28:48,100 {\an7}Is that good? 737 00:28:48,200 --> 00:28:51,000 {\an7}Ohh, amazing. 738 00:28:51,200 --> 00:28:53,300 {\an7}Some people would say having \h\h\h\h\hthis close contact 739 00:28:53,400 --> 00:28:55,200 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hwith the pets helps with the heart rate, 740 00:28:55,400 --> 00:28:58,000 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hhelps with the blood pressure. 741 00:28:58,200 --> 00:29:00,200 {\an7}\h\hAnd there is a little bit of evidence for that, isn’t there? 742 00:29:00,400 --> 00:29:02,200 {\an7}Certainly the therapeutic \h\h\h\h\heffect of touch 743 00:29:02,300 --> 00:29:04,200 {\an7}seems to be what’s \hreally important 744 00:29:04,300 --> 00:29:05,400 {\an7}\h\hin terms of how we respond to pets. 745 00:29:05,600 --> 00:29:07,200 {\an7}Arrr, arrr, arrr. 746 00:29:07,300 --> 00:29:08,800 {\an7}♪ ♪ 747 00:29:11,200 --> 00:29:13,400 {\an7}Tom: Dave’s also ending \h\h\h\h\hhis working day 748 00:29:13,500 --> 00:29:17,000 {\an7}in the company of his dog \h\h\h\h\hand his family. 749 00:29:17,100 --> 00:29:19,500 {\an7}Jason: It’s about 6:00 now; \h\h\hhe’s going for a walk. 750 00:29:19,600 --> 00:29:20,800 {\an7}This is a really \h\hgreat thing. 751 00:29:21,000 --> 00:29:22,900 {\an7}It’s the end of the day, 752 00:29:23,000 --> 00:29:24,700 {\an7}\h\h\hhe’s doing a bit of physical activity. 753 00:29:24,800 --> 00:29:25,800 {\an7}\hBit of peace, bit of exercise. 754 00:29:26,000 --> 00:29:28,200 {\an7}Walk the dog. 755 00:29:28,300 --> 00:29:30,900 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hAnd he’s tired. It’s really easy at this point 756 00:29:31,000 --> 00:29:32,800 {\an7}to think, "oh, sod it, I’m gonna sit down and watch telly." 757 00:29:32,900 --> 00:29:35,700 {\an7}but he’s actually \h\h\h\hgoing out 758 00:29:35,800 --> 00:29:36,800 {\an7}and he’s probably going to feel \hbetter for having done this. 759 00:29:37,000 --> 00:29:40,000 {\an7}Tom: Yeah, yeah. 760 00:29:40,200 --> 00:29:41,800 {\an7}And this is one of the benefits for having a pet, isn’t it? \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hYes. 761 00:29:41,900 --> 00:29:43,500 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hMorning. Or, afternoon. [laughs] 762 00:29:43,600 --> 00:29:45,600 {\an7}Morning? What planet are you on? 763 00:29:45,700 --> 00:29:47,600 {\an7}\h\h\hI’ve no idea. I’ve lost the plot. 764 00:29:47,700 --> 00:29:49,800 {\an7}Tom: The electrodes \h\h\hon Dave’s head 765 00:29:49,900 --> 00:29:52,400 {\an7}are showing a change \h\h\h\hin brainwaves 766 00:29:52,500 --> 00:29:54,100 {\an7}\h\h\hthrough a frequency associated with calmness. 767 00:29:54,200 --> 00:29:55,800 {\an7}It’s just nearly half six, 6:26. 768 00:29:56,000 --> 00:29:57,900 {\an7}And what we saw \h\hon the EEG, 769 00:29:58,000 --> 00:30:00,300 {\an7}there’s a lot of alpha \h\h\hcoming through. 770 00:30:00,400 --> 00:30:01,200 {\an7}He’s relaxing nicely now \h\h\h\hwith his family. 771 00:30:01,300 --> 00:30:04,400 {\an7}♪ ♪ 772 00:30:04,600 --> 00:30:07,400 {\an7}Going on a walk like this \h\hjust makes you forget 773 00:30:07,500 --> 00:30:10,100 {\an7}about what’s happened \h\h\hall day, really. 774 00:30:10,200 --> 00:30:12,300 {\an7}And all you can hear \h\h\h\his the wind 775 00:30:12,400 --> 00:30:15,000 {\an7}\hand the little bit of the M5 motorway. 776 00:30:15,100 --> 00:30:16,400 {\an7}Looks lovely, though, \h\h\h\h\hdoesn’t it? 777 00:30:16,500 --> 00:30:17,200 {\an7}Lia: Beautiful. 778 00:30:17,400 --> 00:30:19,400 {\an7}♪ ♪ 779 00:30:21,500 --> 00:30:23,000 {\an7}Steamer. 780 00:30:23,100 --> 00:30:24,800 {\an7}Whaa -- ha ha ha! 781 00:30:25,000 --> 00:30:26,000 {\an7}\h\h\h\hThank god it’s a small dog. 782 00:30:26,100 --> 00:30:27,000 {\an7}There we go. 783 00:30:29,700 --> 00:30:33,000 {\an7}Tom: It’s 6:57. 784 00:30:33,200 --> 00:30:34,400 {\an7}Alfie’s been brought home by Charlotte’s boyfriend. 785 00:30:34,500 --> 00:30:35,400 {\an7}Hey, dude. 786 00:30:35,500 --> 00:30:37,600 {\an7}Hello. 787 00:30:37,800 --> 00:30:39,600 {\an7}Tom: And she’s now \hgetting changed. 788 00:30:39,800 --> 00:30:42,800 {\an7}Lia: We can see that her eye gaze 789 00:30:42,900 --> 00:30:46,600 {\an7}is going to lots of different \h\h\houtfits in her wardrobe. 790 00:30:46,800 --> 00:30:49,800 {\an7}\h\hAnd the number of processes going on here are fascinating. 791 00:30:50,000 --> 00:30:51,800 {\an7}She’s going to be \hthinking about 792 00:30:51,900 --> 00:30:54,500 {\an7}what’s the temperature \h\h\h\h\h\h\houtside? 793 00:30:54,600 --> 00:30:56,800 {\an7}\hWhat’s the kind of level of comfort that she needs? 794 00:30:57,000 --> 00:30:58,100 {\an7}And there’s going to be \hsome higher processing 795 00:30:58,200 --> 00:31:00,200 {\an7}going on as well. 796 00:31:00,300 --> 00:31:03,100 {\an7}What role does she need \h\h\h\h\hto be playing? 797 00:31:03,200 --> 00:31:05,200 {\an7}\h\hWhat messages does she need to be sending with her clothes? 798 00:31:05,400 --> 00:31:07,200 {\an7}As well as tapping in \h\h\h\h\h\hto things 799 00:31:07,400 --> 00:31:08,600 {\an7}about what colours \h\h\h\hshe likes, 800 00:31:08,800 --> 00:31:11,000 {\an7}even childhood memories, 801 00:31:11,200 --> 00:31:11,900 {\an7}the way we’ve learned to develop our style. 802 00:31:12,000 --> 00:31:14,900 {\an7}♪ ♪ 803 00:31:15,000 --> 00:31:16,300 {\an7}At eight minutes, this is the most time consuming decision 804 00:31:16,400 --> 00:31:17,200 {\an7}of Charlotte’s day. 805 00:31:17,300 --> 00:31:20,000 {\an7}♪ ♪ 806 00:31:20,200 --> 00:31:22,000 {\an7}The way we look can be really \h\himportant to self-esteem 807 00:31:22,200 --> 00:31:24,000 {\an7}\h\h\h\hand how we present ourselves. 808 00:31:24,100 --> 00:31:26,000 {\an7}And it something \hshe feels like 809 00:31:26,100 --> 00:31:26,800 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hshe wants to take time over. 810 00:31:27,000 --> 00:31:28,200 {\an7}♪ ♪ 811 00:31:28,400 --> 00:31:30,200 {\an7}Hello, we’re matching. 812 00:31:30,400 --> 00:31:32,700 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hLia: She’s taken all that time 813 00:31:32,800 --> 00:31:34,000 {\an7}and now someone’s wearing \h\h\h\ha top like hers. 814 00:31:34,100 --> 00:31:36,200 {\an7}Exactly the same. 815 00:31:36,400 --> 00:31:38,800 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hSo it looks like we may be having a barbeque. 816 00:31:38,900 --> 00:31:41,400 {\an7}I’m going to make a drink. \h\hAnn, what do you want? 817 00:31:41,500 --> 00:31:42,200 {\an7}Jason: So it is a barbeque. \hWhat’re you having? 818 00:31:42,300 --> 00:31:42,400 {\an7}Gin. 819 00:31:43,500 --> 00:31:43,600 {\an7}Tom: It’s 7:27. 820 00:31:45,000 --> 00:31:47,000 {\an7}He’s finishing his walk. 821 00:31:47,200 --> 00:31:49,600 {\an7}\hSo let’s see what he’s gonna do next. 822 00:31:49,700 --> 00:31:51,600 {\an7}I’m getting data from Dave’s glucose sensor 823 00:31:51,700 --> 00:31:54,000 {\an7}which are starting \h\hto concern me. 824 00:31:54,100 --> 00:31:55,600 {\an7}His blood sugar levels \hare dropping sharply. 825 00:31:55,700 --> 00:31:57,800 {\an7}He’s becoming hypoglycemic. 826 00:31:58,000 --> 00:31:58,700 {\an7}He’s probably absolutely starving at this point. 827 00:31:58,800 --> 00:32:01,700 {\an7}♪ ♪ 828 00:32:01,800 --> 00:32:04,400 {\an7}If you’re hypoglycemic, your blood sugar levels are so low 829 00:32:04,600 --> 00:32:09,600 {\an7}that you feel dizzy, tired, \h\h\hand extremely hungry. 830 00:32:09,800 --> 00:32:13,400 {\an7}And, it looks like he’s gone \h\h\h\h\h\h\hto the chippy. 831 00:32:13,600 --> 00:32:15,200 {\an7}\hCan I have a lightly battered fish, please. 832 00:32:15,400 --> 00:32:17,700 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hCod, do you want? Yes, please. 833 00:32:17,800 --> 00:32:20,100 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hJason: Given what his blood sugar looks like, 834 00:32:20,200 --> 00:32:21,500 {\an7}that’s exactly the sort of choice you’d predict 835 00:32:21,600 --> 00:32:23,600 {\an7}someone would make. 836 00:32:23,700 --> 00:32:26,500 {\an7}When they’re hungry \h\h\h\hand tired, 837 00:32:26,600 --> 00:32:29,400 {\an7}\hpeople tend to choose these energy dense calorific foods 838 00:32:29,500 --> 00:32:31,000 {\an7}because that’s what the body \h\his craving at that point. 839 00:32:31,200 --> 00:32:32,600 {\an7}They smell lovely. 840 00:32:32,700 --> 00:32:34,400 {\an7}♪ ♪ 841 00:32:38,800 --> 00:32:41,100 {\an7}A bit of salt \h\hon there. 842 00:32:41,200 --> 00:32:42,800 {\an7}Jason: He’s obviously got \h\h\h\h\ha taste for salt. 843 00:32:42,900 --> 00:32:44,700 {\an7}Been a long day. 844 00:32:44,800 --> 00:32:47,900 {\an7}♪ ♪ 845 00:32:48,000 --> 00:32:50,600 {\an7}\hJason: Dave has had at least 1500 calories 846 00:32:50,700 --> 00:32:53,300 {\an7}in the large fish and chips, \h\h\h\h\hplus several ciders 847 00:32:53,400 --> 00:32:56,600 {\an7}at nearly 200 calories \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\ha pint. 848 00:32:56,700 --> 00:32:59,400 {\an7}He’s blown his calorie control \h\h\h\h\hin a single sitting. 849 00:32:59,600 --> 00:33:03,600 {\an7}\hAnd this blowout means that he’s eaten too much 850 00:33:03,800 --> 00:33:05,600 {\an7}for somebody who’s trying \h\h\h\h\hto lose weight. 851 00:33:08,400 --> 00:33:11,800 {\an7}Okay, so that looks like \h\h\ha typical BBQ meal. 852 00:33:12,000 --> 00:33:13,800 {\an7}\h\h\h\hShe’s got some rolls, some chicken, some sausages. 853 00:33:13,900 --> 00:33:15,800 {\an7}Cheap and easy. 854 00:33:15,900 --> 00:33:18,300 {\an7}\hJason: Often in a group of people, 855 00:33:18,400 --> 00:33:20,500 {\an7}\h\h\h\hparticularly when there’s alcohol involved, 856 00:33:20,600 --> 00:33:21,400 {\an7}people tend to eat a little bit more. 857 00:33:21,500 --> 00:33:24,000 {\an7}♪ ♪ 858 00:33:24,100 --> 00:33:25,800 {\an7}\h\h\hCharlotte’s barbeque grazing eventually adds up 859 00:33:26,000 --> 00:33:26,400 {\an7}to 1500 calories \h\h\h\has well. 860 00:33:29,600 --> 00:33:32,300 {\an7}\hBoth her and Dave have eaten next to nothing during the day, 861 00:33:32,400 --> 00:33:36,000 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\honly to have a big blowout at the end. 862 00:33:36,100 --> 00:33:38,400 {\an7}\h\h\hBut their bodies have responded very differently. 863 00:33:38,500 --> 00:33:40,800 {\an7}Catch. 864 00:33:40,900 --> 00:33:43,200 {\an7}One of the things that’s really interesting here 865 00:33:43,300 --> 00:33:45,400 {\an7}is that Dave’s glucose levels \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hmove much more 866 00:33:45,600 --> 00:33:48,000 {\an7}throughout the day \hthan Charlotte’s 867 00:33:48,100 --> 00:33:49,600 {\an7}\h\h\hdespite them eating particularly a breakfast 868 00:33:49,800 --> 00:33:52,600 {\an7}of relatively similar things. 869 00:33:52,800 --> 00:33:56,200 {\an7}This tells us that Dave is at \hincreased risk of diabetes. 870 00:33:56,400 --> 00:33:58,800 {\an7}His body is not able to control \h\h\h\hhis blood sugar levels 871 00:33:58,900 --> 00:34:00,800 {\an7}as efficiently \has Charlotte. 872 00:34:00,900 --> 00:34:03,200 {\an7}And this is mainly due \h\h\h\hto his weight. 873 00:34:03,400 --> 00:34:04,800 {\an7}[laughing] 874 00:34:08,200 --> 00:34:11,000 {\an7}Tom: Charlotte’s on her second large gin. 875 00:34:11,100 --> 00:34:13,400 {\an7}We spot signs that alcohol is changing her behaviour. 876 00:34:13,600 --> 00:34:15,700 {\an7}People who perhaps \ha little bit shy 877 00:34:15,800 --> 00:34:17,600 {\an7}will tend to come out \h\hof themselves more 878 00:34:17,800 --> 00:34:20,200 {\an7}\hwhen they’ve had a glass of alcohol 879 00:34:20,400 --> 00:34:22,400 {\an7}because it’s the frontal lobes, the natural inhibitor 880 00:34:22,600 --> 00:34:23,300 {\an7}\h\h\hwhich is impaired when you’ve had alcohol. 881 00:34:23,400 --> 00:34:25,000 {\an7}♪ ♪ 882 00:34:25,200 --> 00:34:27,500 {\an7}When we drink alcohol, 883 00:34:27,600 --> 00:34:29,400 {\an7}it affects the frontal lobe \h\h\h\h\h\h\hof the brain. 884 00:34:29,600 --> 00:34:32,000 {\an7}\hThis controls decision making 885 00:34:32,100 --> 00:34:33,000 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hand also stops us doing embarrassing things. 886 00:34:33,100 --> 00:34:35,900 {\an7}[singing] 887 00:34:36,000 --> 00:34:38,000 {\an7}Earlier, it was the frontal lobe that stopped Charlotte 888 00:34:38,200 --> 00:34:40,100 {\an7}\h\h\hfrom singing in front of people. 889 00:34:40,200 --> 00:34:43,000 {\an7}\h\h\hBut now that she’s had a drink, 890 00:34:43,200 --> 00:34:45,600 {\an7}she’s lost these inhibitions and is singing away merrily. 891 00:34:45,800 --> 00:34:48,100 {\an7}\h\h\hAnd that’s why all of us are a little bit more chatty, 892 00:34:48,200 --> 00:34:49,900 {\an7}a little bit more sociable \hwhen we’ve had a drink. 893 00:34:50,000 --> 00:34:51,000 {\an7}\hIs your person wearing glasses? 894 00:34:51,100 --> 00:34:53,800 {\an7}No. No? 895 00:34:53,900 --> 00:34:56,300 {\an7}\h\hTom: Dave’s also drinking to relax at the end of the day. 896 00:34:56,400 --> 00:34:57,700 {\an7}You are Philip. 897 00:34:57,800 --> 00:34:58,800 {\an7}No. 898 00:34:58,900 --> 00:35:01,400 {\an7}[Claire laughs] 899 00:35:01,500 --> 00:35:04,000 {\an7}\h\h\hAlcohol tends to amplify the way we’re already feeling. 900 00:35:04,100 --> 00:35:05,800 {\an7}In Dave’s case, he’s already \h\h\hfeeling quite relaxed 901 00:35:06,000 --> 00:35:08,500 {\an7}and happy. 902 00:35:08,600 --> 00:35:08,800 {\an7}\h\h\h\hAs he has his drink, he feels even more that way. 903 00:35:12,000 --> 00:35:15,200 {\an7}[beeping] 904 00:35:15,400 --> 00:35:17,600 {\an7}Night, night, Stinky. \h\h\hGive us a kiss. 905 00:35:17,700 --> 00:35:20,600 {\an7}Love you. 906 00:35:20,800 --> 00:35:23,400 {\an7}Tom: Charlotte’s day is coming \hto an end with a cup of tea. 907 00:35:23,500 --> 00:35:24,500 {\an7}One of her reasons for taking \h\h\hpart in this experiment 908 00:35:24,600 --> 00:35:27,200 {\an7}was poor sleep. 909 00:35:27,300 --> 00:35:29,000 {\an7}We’re spotting lots of clues \h\h\hin her bedtime routine. 910 00:35:29,100 --> 00:35:30,800 {\an7}♪ ♪ 911 00:35:30,900 --> 00:35:33,200 {\an7}Setting the alarm, \h\h\h\h\hI think. 912 00:35:33,400 --> 00:35:35,600 {\an7}Last check of the Twitter \haccount, the Instagram. 913 00:35:35,700 --> 00:35:37,700 {\an7}Lia: And interestingly, \h\h\hshe’s had the TV on 914 00:35:37,800 --> 00:35:40,200 {\an7}just before she goes \h\h\hto bed as well. 915 00:35:40,300 --> 00:35:42,600 {\an7}So that’s quite a lot of artificial light. 916 00:35:42,800 --> 00:35:44,600 {\an7}\hBlue light that comes from electronic devices 917 00:35:44,800 --> 00:35:47,400 {\an7}\h\h\h\hlike your phone can be really disruptive 918 00:35:47,500 --> 00:35:50,900 {\an7}to certain patterns and rhythms, circadian rhythms. 919 00:35:51,000 --> 00:35:53,200 {\an7}\hBlue light during the daytime can actually be quite helpful. 920 00:35:53,300 --> 00:35:55,400 {\an7}\h\h\h\hIt helps with our mental alertness 921 00:35:55,500 --> 00:35:57,900 {\an7}\h\h\h\hand improve our reaction times. 922 00:35:58,000 --> 00:36:00,200 {\an7}But at nighttime it’s the timing that’s really important. 923 00:36:00,300 --> 00:36:03,200 {\an7}\h\hIt can actually be very disruptive to us. 924 00:36:03,300 --> 00:36:05,400 {\an7}Tom: We’ll have plenty to tell \h\hCharlotte when we meet her. 925 00:36:05,500 --> 00:36:07,800 {\an7}The caffeine, the alcohol, \h\h\h\h\hthe electronics; 926 00:36:08,000 --> 00:36:09,200 {\an7}\h\hnone of that adds up to a good night’s sleep. 927 00:36:09,400 --> 00:36:13,800 {\an7}♪ ♪ 928 00:36:13,900 --> 00:36:16,100 {\an7}\h\hDave too ds up is in bed now 929 00:36:16,200 --> 00:36:17,600 {\an7}wired up to monitor his brain activity 930 00:36:17,700 --> 00:36:18,600 {\an7}and quality of sleep. 931 00:36:18,700 --> 00:36:20,600 {\an7}♪ ♪ 932 00:36:20,800 --> 00:36:23,400 {\an7}[Dave snoring] 933 00:36:23,500 --> 00:36:26,400 {\an7}♪ ♪ 934 00:36:26,500 --> 00:36:28,500 {\an7}\h\h\hBut in the early hours, something worrying shows up, 935 00:36:28,600 --> 00:36:30,400 {\an7}\h\hwhich we should discuss with Dave. 936 00:36:30,600 --> 00:36:32,400 {\an7}♪ ♪ 937 00:36:35,800 --> 00:36:39,000 {\an7}Charlotte too because she has 699 reasons to be concerned. 938 00:36:39,100 --> 00:36:40,000 {\an7}Wow!! 939 00:36:40,200 --> 00:36:41,200 {\an7}♪ ♪ 940 00:36:46,600 --> 00:36:48,500 {\an7}♪ ♪ 941 00:36:51,800 --> 00:36:54,000 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hTom: For 24 hours, Dave and Charlotte took part 942 00:36:54,100 --> 00:36:56,500 {\an7}\h\hin a unique human body rig. 943 00:36:56,600 --> 00:36:59,600 {\an7}Dave, a self-employed courier. 944 00:36:59,700 --> 00:37:02,000 {\an7}\h\hUm, no, no, I won’t make it. 945 00:37:02,200 --> 00:37:02,900 {\an7}Tom: And Charlotte. 946 00:37:03,000 --> 00:37:04,900 {\an7}Sexy. 947 00:37:05,000 --> 00:37:06,700 {\an7}Tom: A young mum and hairdresser. 948 00:37:06,800 --> 00:37:09,600 {\an7}\hI could so do with a holiday. 949 00:37:09,800 --> 00:37:11,900 {\an7}Tom: Now, it’s time for them \hto meet us, the scientists. 950 00:37:12,000 --> 00:37:14,900 {\an7}I’m Professor Tom Solomon, \h\h\h\h\h\ha neurologist. 951 00:37:15,000 --> 00:37:17,200 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hI’ve mapped their brain activity. 952 00:37:17,300 --> 00:37:19,200 {\an7}It’s the fight or flight \h\hresponse, isn’t it? 953 00:37:19,300 --> 00:37:22,200 {\an7}I’m Dr. Lia Ali, \ha psychiatrist. 954 00:37:22,300 --> 00:37:23,900 {\an7}I’ve monitored their emotions through eye tracking glasses 955 00:37:24,000 --> 00:37:25,900 {\an7}and heart-rate data. 956 00:37:26,000 --> 00:37:28,000 {\an7}He’s finding this \hquite stressful. 957 00:37:28,200 --> 00:37:31,000 {\an7}And I’m Dr. Jason Gill, \h\h\h\ha physiologist 958 00:37:31,100 --> 00:37:34,800 {\an7}responsible for analyzing their \h\hbodies’ physical responses. 959 00:37:35,000 --> 00:37:37,400 {\an7}Given what his blood sugar looks like, he’s starving. 960 00:37:37,500 --> 00:37:40,100 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTom: The 24 hours are over. 961 00:37:40,200 --> 00:37:42,000 {\an7}\h\h\hNow, we’re going to reveal our findings 962 00:37:42,200 --> 00:37:43,400 {\an7}directly to Dave \hand Charlotte. 963 00:37:43,500 --> 00:37:45,400 {\an7}♪ ♪ 964 00:37:45,600 --> 00:37:48,200 {\an7}\h\hFirst up, Dave; hoping to find out 965 00:37:48,400 --> 00:37:50,000 {\an7}\h\h\hhow to lose more weight and how to improve his sleep. 966 00:37:52,700 --> 00:37:54,600 {\an7}Dave, well, it’s good to meet you at last. 967 00:37:54,700 --> 00:37:56,500 {\an7}There were various things we thought 968 00:37:56,600 --> 00:37:58,800 {\an7}would be worth discussing with you. 969 00:37:58,900 --> 00:38:00,700 {\an7}One of which and the one we wanted to start with, 970 00:38:00,800 --> 00:38:02,000 {\an7}which is possibly the most important, 971 00:38:02,100 --> 00:38:02,800 {\an7}was about your sleep. 972 00:38:03,000 --> 00:38:04,800 {\an7}Yeah. 973 00:38:05,000 --> 00:38:06,200 {\an7}Do you feel tired during the day at all? 974 00:38:06,400 --> 00:38:08,900 {\an7}I do some days, yeah. 975 00:38:09,000 --> 00:38:10,000 {\an7}I could literally just pop my head down on the desk. 976 00:38:10,100 --> 00:38:11,700 {\an7}You can, right. 977 00:38:11,800 --> 00:38:13,600 {\an7}That is a reflection of somebody 978 00:38:13,800 --> 00:38:16,200 {\an7}who’s not having a good night’s sleep. 979 00:38:16,300 --> 00:38:17,300 {\an7}\h\hThis is actually when you’re going off to sleep, 980 00:38:17,400 --> 00:38:19,000 {\an7}which is fine. 981 00:38:19,200 --> 00:38:22,000 {\an7}\h\hBut as this trace progresses 982 00:38:22,100 --> 00:38:23,100 {\an7}and we see you snoring and you see you’re snoring quite loud, 983 00:38:23,200 --> 00:38:25,800 {\an7}quite regular. 984 00:38:26,000 --> 00:38:27,400 {\an7}And then here, you suddenly \hstop breathing altogether 985 00:38:27,500 --> 00:38:29,300 {\an7}when the airways collapse. 986 00:38:29,400 --> 00:38:31,400 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hAnd that’s for several seconds. 987 00:38:31,500 --> 00:38:32,800 {\an7}And that is happening \h\h\hquite frequently 988 00:38:32,900 --> 00:38:35,300 {\an7}throughout the night. 989 00:38:35,400 --> 00:38:37,800 {\an7}So, you’re waking up nearly \h\hseven times every hour. 990 00:38:37,900 --> 00:38:40,200 {\an7}\hBecause of this, because your breathing’s stopping, 991 00:38:40,300 --> 00:38:43,000 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hyou are having these periods of sleep apnea. 992 00:38:43,200 --> 00:38:45,500 {\an7}\hWith the airways blocked, the brains of sleep apnea sufferers 993 00:38:45,600 --> 00:38:46,600 {\an7}respond to a lack of oxygen \h\h\h\hby waking them up. 994 00:38:50,700 --> 00:38:52,500 {\an7}One in 25 people are thought \h\h\hto suffer broken sleep 995 00:38:52,600 --> 00:38:53,400 {\an7}because of it. 996 00:38:57,500 --> 00:38:59,600 {\an7}There’s a number of things that can contribute to this; 997 00:38:59,800 --> 00:39:01,900 {\an7}one of which is if you’re overweight, 998 00:39:02,000 --> 00:39:04,000 {\an7}everything is a bit heavier inside there 999 00:39:04,100 --> 00:39:06,200 {\an7}and the airway is a bit narrower. 1000 00:39:06,300 --> 00:39:07,900 {\an7}The other thing is alcohol can contribute to it 1001 00:39:08,000 --> 00:39:09,500 {\an7}because your airway relaxes more 1002 00:39:09,600 --> 00:39:11,600 {\an7}and that’s then contributing 1003 00:39:11,700 --> 00:39:12,400 {\an7}to your being a bit tired during the day. 1004 00:39:12,600 --> 00:39:16,500 {\an7}♪ ♪ 1005 00:39:16,600 --> 00:39:17,600 {\an7}\hWe will organize some professional sleep help 1006 00:39:17,700 --> 00:39:18,900 {\an7}for Dave. 1007 00:39:19,000 --> 00:39:21,000 {\an7}Oh, god. 1008 00:39:21,100 --> 00:39:23,200 {\an7}Tom: But he wasn’t \h\h\h\honly tired; 1009 00:39:23,300 --> 00:39:24,200 {\an7}for most of his 24 hours \h\h\h\h\hhe was hungry. 1010 00:39:24,400 --> 00:39:27,400 {\an7}♪ ♪ 1011 00:39:27,600 --> 00:39:30,300 {\an7}Your breakfast. I’m wondering \h\h\h\h\h\h\hwhether that was 1012 00:39:30,400 --> 00:39:32,600 {\an7}a little bit of a breakfast that was too small for you. 1013 00:39:32,700 --> 00:39:35,000 {\an7}\h\hAnd I think one of the reasons was 1014 00:39:35,200 --> 00:39:37,000 {\an7}you’re being very conscious \h\h\h\h\habout your weight, 1015 00:39:37,200 --> 00:39:40,000 {\an7}\h\hyou’re trying to get your weight off. 1016 00:39:40,200 --> 00:39:42,600 {\an7}\hSo you’re being like, "I’m gonna eat a little \h\h\h\hbit less food." 1017 00:39:42,700 --> 00:39:44,200 {\an7}You see these sugar levels \h\hwhich are in the red? 1018 00:39:44,400 --> 00:39:46,800 {\an7}That means you’re hypoglycemic. 1019 00:39:46,900 --> 00:39:49,300 {\an7}It means your blood sugar \h\hlevels are a bit low. 1020 00:39:49,400 --> 00:39:51,600 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hThen you get tired and you’re very, very hungry. 1021 00:39:51,800 --> 00:39:53,400 {\an7}\hAnd what that does is it makes your willpower 1022 00:39:53,500 --> 00:39:55,600 {\an7}\h\hdrop through the floor, okay? 1023 00:39:55,800 --> 00:39:58,500 {\an7}\h\hSo, what happens is you go to the chip shop 1024 00:39:58,600 --> 00:39:59,400 {\an7}and then you have your huge portion of fish and chips. 1025 00:39:59,500 --> 00:40:02,000 {\an7}♪ ♪ 1026 00:40:02,200 --> 00:40:04,600 {\an7}\h\h\h\hI think Dave would have consumed fewer calories overall 1027 00:40:04,700 --> 00:40:06,600 {\an7}if he’d eaten more healthfully \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hand regularly 1028 00:40:06,700 --> 00:40:09,200 {\an7}throughout the day. 1029 00:40:09,400 --> 00:40:12,000 {\an7}I think we can do some tweaks \h\h\h\hearlier on in the day, 1030 00:40:12,200 --> 00:40:14,200 {\an7}which might mean you’ll make healthier choices later on. 1031 00:40:14,400 --> 00:40:16,800 {\an7}\h\h\hAnd the heavy sprinklings of salt 1032 00:40:16,900 --> 00:40:19,500 {\an7}aren’t helping Dave’s high blood pressure. 1033 00:40:19,600 --> 00:40:21,800 {\an7}\hWe calculated you ate about 12 grams of salt. 1034 00:40:22,000 --> 00:40:23,800 {\an7}What we’d recommend is 1035 00:40:24,000 --> 00:40:26,600 {\an7}for people to have less \h\h\h\hthan six grams. 1036 00:40:26,800 --> 00:40:28,500 {\an7}So you’re having about twice as much salt as you need to. 1037 00:40:28,600 --> 00:40:30,900 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hSo what I would suggest is 1038 00:40:31,000 --> 00:40:32,700 {\an7}try to not add the extra salt \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hto your meals. 1039 00:40:32,800 --> 00:40:34,000 {\an7}All right. 1040 00:40:34,100 --> 00:40:36,000 {\an7}[telephone rings] 1041 00:40:36,200 --> 00:40:37,800 {\an7}Lia: Tired, hungry, \h\h\hbut not grumpy. 1042 00:40:38,000 --> 00:40:39,900 {\an7}They can’t find \hthe delivery. 1043 00:40:40,000 --> 00:40:42,000 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hLia: hungry, It’s a thumbs-up to Dave 1044 00:40:42,200 --> 00:40:44,100 {\an7}\h\h\hfor his ability to cope with stress. 1045 00:40:44,200 --> 00:40:45,900 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hIt looked like the worst moment for you 1046 00:40:46,000 --> 00:40:47,800 {\an7}\hwas this call in the morning. 1047 00:40:48,000 --> 00:40:49,900 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hIt’s just your worst nightmare 1048 00:40:50,000 --> 00:40:52,200 {\an7}the thought of a package \h\h\h\h\hgoing missing. 1049 00:40:52,300 --> 00:40:54,000 {\an7}I felt very under pressure, \h\h\h\h\h\hI’ve got to say. 1050 00:40:54,200 --> 00:40:55,800 {\an7}But you seem like you’ve got 1051 00:40:56,000 --> 00:40:58,500 {\an7}some really good coping mechanisms. 1052 00:40:58,600 --> 00:41:01,400 {\an7}We saw you going for the walk \h\h\h\h\h\hwith your family. 1053 00:41:01,600 --> 00:41:03,200 {\an7}And, again, we could see some \hof the changes on the EEG. 1054 00:41:03,300 --> 00:41:05,600 {\an7}\h\hWe saw it in your heart rate. 1055 00:41:05,700 --> 00:41:07,800 {\an7}\h\h\h\hWe could see that you were visibly relaxing 1056 00:41:08,000 --> 00:41:10,600 {\an7}\h\hand these are all really good mechanisms 1057 00:41:10,800 --> 00:41:10,900 {\an7}\h\hfor dealing with - even just the normal stresses in your day. 1058 00:41:13,600 --> 00:41:16,200 {\an7}Jason: Despite sitting down \h\h\h\hfor most of his day, 1059 00:41:16,300 --> 00:41:19,500 {\an7}\h\hDave’s morning jog, and his dog walk in the evening 1060 00:41:19,600 --> 00:41:20,300 {\an7}\h\h\h\hhave kept him surprisingly active. 1061 00:41:22,700 --> 00:41:25,700 {\an7}He’s completed 18,000 steps, 1062 00:41:25,800 --> 00:41:29,600 {\an7}\hnearly double the recommended minimum for physical activity. 1063 00:41:29,700 --> 00:41:32,000 {\an7}You’re doing exactly the right things with physical activity. 1064 00:41:32,200 --> 00:41:33,900 {\an7}I couldn’t recommend you \h\hto change anything. 1065 00:41:34,000 --> 00:41:35,200 {\an7}Just keep up the good work. 1066 00:41:35,300 --> 00:41:37,700 {\an7}♪ ♪ 1067 00:41:37,800 --> 00:41:39,700 {\an7}Tom: What about Charlotte, then? 1068 00:41:39,800 --> 00:41:41,400 {\an7}\h\h\h\hHer motivation for getting kitted up? 1069 00:41:41,600 --> 00:41:42,300 {\an7}Frequent headaches. 1070 00:41:42,400 --> 00:41:45,000 {\an7}♪ ♪ 1071 00:41:45,100 --> 00:41:46,600 {\an7}We noticed in the middle of the afternoon, 1072 00:41:46,700 --> 00:41:48,000 {\an7}you asked for some tablets. 1073 00:41:48,200 --> 00:41:50,300 {\an7}Was that for a headache? 1074 00:41:50,400 --> 00:41:51,600 {\an7}Yeah. I’ve been getting \h\hquite bad headaches 1075 00:41:51,700 --> 00:41:54,000 {\an7}on the left side. 1076 00:41:54,100 --> 00:41:56,500 {\an7}It started with neck pain \h\h\h\hand shooting pains 1077 00:41:56,600 --> 00:41:58,600 {\an7}that were going right up \h\hthe back of my neck. 1078 00:41:58,700 --> 00:41:59,700 {\an7}So, it’s pain on the left side of the neck? 1079 00:41:59,800 --> 00:42:00,800 {\an7}Yeah. 1080 00:42:01,000 --> 00:42:03,600 {\an7}♪ ♪ 1081 00:42:03,800 --> 00:42:05,600 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTom: g right up A stressy, busy day. 1082 00:42:05,800 --> 00:42:07,800 {\an7}I was running late. \h\hSorry, darling. 1083 00:42:08,000 --> 00:42:10,200 {\an7}Tom: And drinking next to no water-- 1084 00:42:10,300 --> 00:42:12,200 {\an7}instead, mainly caffeine \h\h\h\h\h\hand alcohol-- 1085 00:42:12,300 --> 00:42:14,400 {\an7}won’t have helped \hher headaches. 1086 00:42:14,500 --> 00:42:16,600 {\an7}I’ve had a splitting \hheadache all day. 1087 00:42:16,700 --> 00:42:19,200 {\an7}\h\h\hTom: Nor will a poor night’s sleep. 1088 00:42:19,300 --> 00:42:22,000 {\an7}\h\hBut it’s the body rig and the clever microchip 1089 00:42:22,100 --> 00:42:25,200 {\an7}\h\hon Charlotte’s spine which has revealed the real culprit. 1090 00:42:25,300 --> 00:42:27,600 {\an7}We had this device on you 1091 00:42:27,800 --> 00:42:29,200 {\an7}which, as you know, measures the flexion of your back. 1092 00:42:29,400 --> 00:42:31,300 {\an7}Yeah. 1093 00:42:31,400 --> 00:42:33,100 {\an7}And interestingly, over the 24-hour period 1094 00:42:33,200 --> 00:42:34,600 {\an7}you flexed to your right 52 times. 1095 00:42:34,700 --> 00:42:36,400 {\an7}Right. 1096 00:42:36,500 --> 00:42:38,200 {\an7}You flexed to your left 699 times. 1097 00:42:38,400 --> 00:42:40,000 {\an7}Wow!! [laughing] 1098 00:42:40,200 --> 00:42:41,400 {\an7}Yeah, that’s a massive difference. 1099 00:42:41,500 --> 00:42:44,300 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOkay. Okay. 1100 00:42:44,400 --> 00:42:46,600 {\an7}\hCharlotte’s uneven posture is putting pressure on the nerves 1101 00:42:46,700 --> 00:42:48,900 {\an7}on her left side, \h\hcausing pain 1102 00:42:49,000 --> 00:42:49,800 {\an7}which goes all the way up \h\h\h\h\h\hto her head. 1103 00:42:49,900 --> 00:42:52,700 {\an7}♪ ♪ 1104 00:42:52,800 --> 00:42:55,500 {\an7}\hBecause almost everything you use is on the left side, 1105 00:42:55,600 --> 00:42:57,900 {\an7}you’re constantly leaning over \h\h\h\h\hslightly to the left 1106 00:42:58,000 --> 00:42:59,400 {\an7}to pick up equipment - \hshampoo, et cetera. 1107 00:42:59,500 --> 00:43:01,000 {\an7}Yeah. 1108 00:43:01,100 --> 00:43:02,900 {\an7}It’s not a massive movement, 1109 00:43:03,000 --> 00:43:04,700 {\an7}but your head, your neck and your back 1110 00:43:04,800 --> 00:43:06,500 {\an7}lean over slightly every time. 1111 00:43:06,600 --> 00:43:08,600 {\an7}And so one thing we’re going to do 1112 00:43:08,800 --> 00:43:10,800 {\an7}is arrange for you to see a physiotherapist 1113 00:43:10,900 --> 00:43:12,900 {\an7}and have a look at this. \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOkay. 1114 00:43:13,000 --> 00:43:14,400 {\an7}And then there’s the thing to try and control 1115 00:43:14,500 --> 00:43:16,400 {\an7}the chronic daily headaches. 1116 00:43:16,600 --> 00:43:19,000 {\an7}So that means stopping all the painkillers 1117 00:43:19,100 --> 00:43:19,800 {\an7}because we know they contribute to an ongoing headache. 1118 00:43:20,000 --> 00:43:22,500 {\an7}Yeah. 1119 00:43:22,600 --> 00:43:25,200 {\an7}Stopping caffeine, increasing the amount of water you take. 1120 00:43:25,300 --> 00:43:27,800 {\an7}Charlotte’s bedtime rituals \h\hhave us concerned, too. 1121 00:43:27,900 --> 00:43:28,600 {\an7}There’s quite a lot of checking the phone and the devices. 1122 00:43:28,800 --> 00:43:30,000 {\an7}Yeah. 1123 00:43:30,100 --> 00:43:31,800 {\an7}They’re on; they’re off. 1124 00:43:32,000 --> 00:43:34,400 {\an7}The dog jumps on; the cat jumps on. 1125 00:43:34,500 --> 00:43:37,200 {\an7}You didn’t get to sleep until about 1:30 in the morning. 1126 00:43:37,300 --> 00:43:38,000 {\an7}\h\hThat’s quite - yeah, that’s quite an often occurrence, yeah. 1127 00:43:38,200 --> 00:43:40,300 {\an7}♪ ♪ 1128 00:43:40,400 --> 00:43:41,600 {\an7}\hLia: They’ve seen what 24 hours can do 1129 00:43:41,800 --> 00:43:43,000 {\an7}to fix your body. 1130 00:43:43,100 --> 00:43:44,200 {\an7}So, stop, rewind. 1131 00:43:44,400 --> 00:43:47,000 {\an7}[tape rewinds] 1132 00:43:47,100 --> 00:43:48,600 {\an7}Is anything changing? 1133 00:43:48,800 --> 00:43:50,100 {\an7}[Dave snoring] 1134 00:43:50,200 --> 00:43:52,400 {\an7}♪ ♪ 1135 00:43:56,200 --> 00:43:58,700 {\an7}Tom: Dave is still \hgetting up early 1136 00:43:58,800 --> 00:44:01,100 {\an7}\h\h\hto go for his jog, but he’s doubling his breakfast. 1137 00:44:01,200 --> 00:44:04,700 {\an7}Dave: It does make sense, \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hreally. 1138 00:44:04,800 --> 00:44:08,600 {\an7}I’m finding I can get to 12:30, \h\h\h\h1:00 now quite happily 1139 00:44:08,700 --> 00:44:11,200 {\an7}without having that hunger pang at about 10:30 in the morning. 1140 00:44:11,300 --> 00:44:14,200 {\an7}♪ ♪ 1141 00:44:14,400 --> 00:44:18,000 {\an7}\h\h\h\hLia: Charlotte is making her changes at work. 1142 00:44:18,200 --> 00:44:21,200 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hMy biggest shock was that I moved to the left 1143 00:44:21,400 --> 00:44:24,600 {\an7}699 times and over \hto the right 52. 1144 00:44:24,700 --> 00:44:28,200 {\an7}So, I’ve changed my work station. 1145 00:44:28,300 --> 00:44:31,000 {\an7}I’m moving more things \h\hover to the right. 1146 00:44:31,200 --> 00:44:32,900 {\an7}And I’ve massively improved \h\h\h\h\hmy water intake. 1147 00:44:33,000 --> 00:44:34,000 {\an7}I feel a lot healthier. 1148 00:44:34,200 --> 00:44:38,700 {\an7}♪ ♪ 1149 00:44:38,800 --> 00:44:41,400 {\an7}\hTom: Dave has a mouth guard fitted by a sleep apnea expert 1150 00:44:41,600 --> 00:44:44,200 {\an7}to help his breathing \h\h\h\h\h\hat night. 1151 00:44:44,300 --> 00:44:46,100 {\an7}\hDave: Since I’ve made these changes to my life, 1152 00:44:46,200 --> 00:44:48,600 {\an7}I’m feeling much, \h\h\hmuch better. 1153 00:44:48,700 --> 00:44:51,200 {\an7}Charlotte: I’m really glad \h\h\h\h\hthat I took part 1154 00:44:51,400 --> 00:44:53,300 {\an7}\h\h\hbecause I thought that I was really, really healthy. 1155 00:44:53,400 --> 00:44:55,400 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hAnd what I’ve actually learned 1156 00:44:55,500 --> 00:44:57,900 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\his you might think you’re healthy, 1157 00:44:58,000 --> 00:44:59,800 {\an7}but there are certain changes \h\h\h\h\h\hthat you can make. 1158 00:45:00,000 --> 00:45:02,200 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hDave: ght I’ve got more energy 1159 00:45:02,300 --> 00:45:03,200 {\an7}and I’m not falling asleep \h\h\h\h\h\hduring the day. 1160 00:45:03,400 --> 00:45:06,000 {\an7}It’s been great. 1161 00:45:06,100 --> 00:45:07,000 {\an7}\h\h\hI think I’ll be living to a very, very old age, hopefully. 1162 00:45:07,200 --> 00:45:07,900 {\an7}Fingers crossed. 1163 00:45:08,000 --> 00:45:08,200 {\an7}♪ ♪