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On the 30th of January 1965,

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an estimated 350 million people
worldwide

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tuned in their televisions to watch
the funeral

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of Sir Winston Churchill.

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It was immense occasion.
It was, to that date,

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the largest state funeral in history.

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The Queen was in attendance. The
Royal Artillery had a 19-gun salute.

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And at the service,
which was in St Paul's Cathedral,

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there were representatives from
112 nations.

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I wasn't there, but I do remember it.

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Because I was here,

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in this garden, probably at about
this spot.

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And this is the garden of
the vicarage,

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on the Isle of Dogs, where I grew up.

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And I think we must have be watching
the occasion on television

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because at the appointed moment,
my father

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brought the whole family out into the
garden.

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And holding my Dad's hand,

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I looked up to the sky as a squadron
of RAF fighters

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flew down the Thames to mark the
occasion.

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It made enormous impact on me.

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I was only two years and 11 months
old.

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In fact, it was my first ever memory.

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After that, I thought for a long time
that all funerals

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would involve a fly-past.

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It was great disappointment to me to
discover that they didn't.

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But the greater impact it had on me

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was that it left me with a
fascination for the man.

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For Winston Churchill, who could
command such an immense send-off.

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And I'm not alone in that.
Because even now, 50 years later,

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the name Churchill still means a
great deal to a great many people.

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So I'm off to meet some of them.

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I'll spend time with the people who
knew him best...

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It was lovely just having to myself,
for periods of time,

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the grandfather the whole world
thought they owned.

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..I'll sample some of his famous
tastes...

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Mm, makes me feel a lot better.

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..I'll find out what the Germans
think of him...

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(METAL MUSIC PLAYS)

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..as well as discovering just what
he means to people on the street.

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Greatest Briton ever.

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I think of really good speeches.

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I think he saved the world.

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I want to look at the impact he had
here and worldwide,

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and to try and understand his legacy

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and the way he continues to touch the
lives of many people today.

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And where better to start than the
place Churchill called home?

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Chartwell.

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Churchill bought Chartwell and its
surrounding 80 acres

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in September 1922 for just £5,000.

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He used it as a retreat,
a place to work, write, paint,

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and spend time with his beloved
family, and to entertain friends.

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If you're gonna visit Churchill's
house,

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what better way than to do it
in Churchill's car?

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A Hillman Husky. Just like this one,

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which he got in 1964, the year before
he died.

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In his lifetime, he also had
a Land Rover and a Rolls Royce.

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And at election time, he drove around
in a Daimler

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with two speakers on the bonnet.

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But this is the car that he ended up
with.

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It's not flashy, it's not glamorous.

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It's just a little run around with
lots of room in the back.

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But it's a great reminder of a side
to Churchill

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that isn't often talked about.

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Not war hero or statesman,
but family man.

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His granddaughter, Celia Sandys,
has agreed to meet me at Chartwell

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to show me around and tell me more
about her famous grandfather.

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Hello. Very nice to meet you.
And you. Do you like my car?

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Well, it's sort of familiar, but not
quite the right colour, is it?

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What colour was Winston's? I think it
was sort of beige-y. Was it?

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It is a fantastic house. The position
is amazing.

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Oh, it's wonderful.
Absolutely wonderful.

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As my grandfather said, "A day away
from Chartwell is a day wasted."

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(HUGH CHUCKLES)

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Are we gonna go
inside? Let's, yeah. Lovely.

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So, is the house is as you remember
it from childhood?

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Mainly not. I mean, some parts are
and some parts aren't.

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But...this, when I was a child,
was the cinema.

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So we used to come here to watch
films.

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Wow. To have a cinema as a child. It
was madness! What a fantastic thing.

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After dinner, we would have a film
and you'd come in here,

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and there'd be lovely arm chairs,
really comfortable.

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Were they contemporary films that
you were watching?

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Well, my grandfather's favourites
were Charlie Chaplin, Vivien Leigh,

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Gone With The Wind, Lady Hamilton,
Henry V, that sort of thing.

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Having had rather a bleak childhood,

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without any real family life
himself, he treasured it.

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And what his favourite thing was to
look around

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and see as many of his children and
grandchildren there as possible.

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And so he had a dynastic approach to
life.

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You knew that he had to be, you know,
Prime Minister,

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and was a great,
sort of, war hero and Statesman.

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But did you think of him like that?
Did any of that, kind of, come over?

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Or did you simply think of him
as your grandfather?

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Well, as I grew up, I observed how
other people

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talked about him and how they
behaved when they were with him.

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But it was a very gradual process.

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I mean, basically, for me, he was
just Grandpapa.

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And I think, after the war, the only
people in the world

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who took Winston Churchill
completely for granted

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were his grandchildren.

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So, was he a very formal grandfather?

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Not at all, no.
He was a very relaxed person.

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His nature was very relaxed.

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And he certainly wasn't like the
others, probably of his class,

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as people would have thought he'd
be.

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And I think this probably was the
influence of his American mother.

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Because... And also, he didn't speak
in that, sort of,

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poncey upper-class accent that you
might have expected him to.

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I was lucky enough to travel with
him quite a bit in the older years.

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Of course, as I grew up, he grew
older, and he was pretty old then.

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But it was lovely just having to
myself,

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you know, for periods of time,

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the grandfather the whole world
thought they owned.

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You can really see why he would
want to live here.

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It must've been enormously relaxing,
and it's set in beautiful
countryside.

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Oh, yes, absolutely. He bought the
view, he didn't buy the house.

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And the house had to fit in around
him.

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But he definitely bought the view.

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Shall we go and see what it was
that he liked? Yes, please.

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Oh, that's fantastic, isn't it?
Look at that view.

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And it seems to be totally unspoilt.

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Nothing seems to have grown up there
as long as I can remember it.

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This brings back so many memories,
because we used to come here.

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This was one of the favourite places
to come with Grandpapa

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and feed the fish.

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There used to be a box here where
the food was for the fish.

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And my grandfather always had his
chair right next door,

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and he'd sit down and
he'd get the fish food out.

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And he would throw the food in.

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And they'd come to the surface, and
he'd say, "You see? They know me."

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Perhaps they did, because they're
not coming to the surface now.

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They're not performing at all,
these fish, are they?

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You don't seem to be having
the same effect.

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No, I am not.
There's not a fish to be seen.

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Maybe you can hurl it that far. See
if you can get it over there.

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I'll give it a go, certainly.

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It was a daily routine.

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I mean, this was something...always.
We'd come here, we'd feed the fish.

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Then we'd go down to the lake
and see the black swans.

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And then we'd go to the pigs. And -

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Did you like spending time with him?
Was he good to spend time with?

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Oh, yeah, absolutely. It was a real
treat! A real treat.

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Did he have a, sort of, twinkle?

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A sort of mischievous...
Was he mischievous?

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Well, yes, absolutely. He had a very
mischievous...smile.

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And certainly, he was always looking
for the sense of the ridiculous. Hm.

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There's a wonderful film

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of him taken on the White House
lawn in his siren suit.

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What they call now a onesie.
And he was demonstrating.

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He's obviously just invented it,
so you could be out there

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when the sirens went off for an air
raid.

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And so he had the zip going up and
down for all the photographers.

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He was obviously enjoying himself so
much doing that. (HUGH CHUCKLES)

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I think the one word that sums
him up is courage.

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And do you think that you have
inherited anything from him?

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I say that because I think you
have definitely got his twinkle.

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That's very kind indeed.
I've definitely got his hair.

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People don't realise that he was
born with bright-red hair.

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Is that right?
People have a perception of him on
the steps of Downing Street,

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the cigar in one hand, a V-sign in
the other.

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And with a little, not too much,
white hair.

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Yeah. But in fact, he had hair
absolutely this colour.

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Whatever your views on Churchill,

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it's undeniable that he's left a huge
legacy on Britain and the world.

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And no matter who you are or where
you're from,

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you know something about the man.

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Winston Churchill was Prime Minister
after Neville Chamberlain.

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Winston Churchill, our greatest
Briton ever.

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He's actually really popular in
Germany.

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He lived between 1874 to 1965.

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My nan had a statue of his head
in her living room.

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Smoking a cigar, making the V-sign.

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The peace sign. He was throwing that
up a lot.

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He wrote history books.
I think of his stammer.

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He was very stylish, as well as
powerful.

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I think of a bull dog.

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In 1951, he became
Prime Minister for the second time.

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His secretary at the time was
Jane Portal.

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The now Lady Williams has agreed to
meet me

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to tell me more about those last
years in power.

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Hello, I'm Hugh. How do you do?

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Lovely to meet you. Lovely.

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Is this as much as you remember it
when you were last here?

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It is exactly as I remember it.

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And the books as well, are they...
Yes.

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It all looks very unchanged to me,
but I didn't work here, so...

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It looks very...
I don't remember that, up there.

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Well, he lived in a world of books,
didn't he?

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He lived in a world of words.
Of words.

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What I do remember is
the desk where he had his proofs

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which he would correct standing up.

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And read standing up.
He liked to keep standing.

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It's so exciting to come back to
Chartwell,

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and to be able to walk
into this room, into the study...

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..where I spent so many hours taking
dictation for Churchill.

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His best dictation time was after
dinner.

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And he would be in his siren suit,

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he'd be relaxed because he was at
Chartwell.

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And I would have my typewriter on a
table in the corner here.

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And he would dictate straight to me
on the typewriter.

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And we'd go on until two o'clock
in the morning. Wow.

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And then, um...

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..there'd be the magic words
which were "soup."

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And he would have a bowl of
cold consomme

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which would be waiting at the
pantry.

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And I knew it was the end of the
day.

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So, how long did you work for him?

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I came to work for him in 1949.

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He was Leader of the Conservative
party in opposition.

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When you started,
you must have been very young.

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I was young. (LAUGHS) I was 18.

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Wow. So... working for
Winston Churchill was your first job?

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Yes, it was. What an amazing first
job. Extraordinary.

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And it shows what luck visits one in
life.

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Because, I had, in fact, been told

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I wasn't up to getting into
University.

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And luckily, I was so angry...
(HUGH CHUCKLES)

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..that it made me determined.

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You sound like you loved it.

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You really enjoyed it. I loved every
moment.

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And he was so wonderful to work for.

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One knew exactly where one was.

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One just ahead to get on with the
work. He was kind.

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I can't say he was thoughtful,
but why should he be thoughtful?

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We didn't... We would've been
horrified if he'd been thoughtful.

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When he became Prime Minister again,
do you think he found it

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fulfilling again? Yes. It's obviously
a very different role, wasn't it?

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I know he found it fulfilling.

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And in a way, he was such a...

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..strong and marvellous character

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00:13:01,760 --> 00:13:06,680
that he wasn't going to allow people
to tell him that it was time.

233
00:13:06,920 --> 00:13:09,680
Mm. That perhaps somebody else took
over.

234
00:13:09,840 --> 00:13:12,000
I remember this going on the whole
time.

235
00:13:12,120 --> 00:13:14,160
Just shut his ears to it.

236
00:13:14,320 --> 00:13:18,040
But he wasn't terribly well. He was
dogged, wasn't he, by ill health?

237
00:13:18,200 --> 00:13:23,120
He was very well until
he had his stroke in 1953. Mm.

238
00:13:24,080 --> 00:13:28,200
And it was at that point
that he came down to Chartwell.

239
00:13:29,280 --> 00:13:33,440
And unlike today, nobody in the
outside world really knew about that.

240
00:13:33,600 --> 00:13:38,240
The proprietors of the major
newspapers were his great friends.

241
00:13:38,400 --> 00:13:42,200
Yeah. So, they... This would not be
approved off now.

242
00:13:42,360 --> 00:13:45,520
In fact, it would be against
the law, I believe,

243
00:13:45,640 --> 00:13:48,120
to hide information. Mm.

244
00:13:48,280 --> 00:13:52,600
But they were able to keep it
under wraps.

245
00:13:52,760 --> 00:13:56,760
In those days, it seemed that
it was all right...

246
00:13:57,720 --> 00:13:59,680
..to keep it secret. Mm.

247
00:13:59,800 --> 00:14:01,760
The cabinet knew,

248
00:14:01,920 --> 00:14:05,680
the government boxes continued
to arrive downstairs.

249
00:14:05,800 --> 00:14:08,440
And they were dealt with.

250
00:14:08,600 --> 00:14:13,440
The country was governed perfectly
adequately in most people's view.

251
00:14:13,600 --> 00:14:18,520
And did his indomitable spirit and
this idea of never giving in,

252
00:14:19,080 --> 00:14:22,480
did that apply to his personal life
as well? Yes, it did.

253
00:14:22,640 --> 00:14:27,400
And particularly, this determination
to recover from the stroke.

254
00:14:28,480 --> 00:14:32,640
I mean, I could remember him walking
from his bedroom here,

255
00:14:32,800 --> 00:14:37,720
through... He went to every meal
in the dining room next door.

256
00:14:39,240 --> 00:14:42,480
Um... he would go walk through

257
00:14:42,640 --> 00:14:45,240
with a stick and with some help
to begin with.

258
00:14:45,400 --> 00:14:49,040
And then he was able to walk
perfectly adequately himself.

259
00:14:49,200 --> 00:14:52,840
Have you ever invoked the spirit of
Winston Churchill? And thought,

260
00:14:53,000 --> 00:14:56,920
"I am not giving in, I know I have to
do this, I have to get through this."

261
00:14:57,080 --> 00:15:02,000
Yes. He's very much the beacon of
determination in my life, yes.

262
00:15:05,560 --> 00:15:10,040
Well, that's been delightful.
Thank you. Lovely to meet you.
I hope to meet you again.

263
00:15:10,200 --> 00:15:12,960
I do hope our paths will cross
again. Thank you.

264
00:15:15,120 --> 00:15:16,800
But before I could leave,

265
00:15:16,960 --> 00:15:19,840
there was just one more person
I wanted to track down.

266
00:15:21,680 --> 00:15:24,400
After his death,
and following his instructions,

267
00:15:24,560 --> 00:15:29,040
the family asked that there should
always be a marmalade cat named Jock,

268
00:15:29,200 --> 00:15:32,720
with a white bib and four white
socks, living here at the estate.

269
00:15:32,880 --> 00:15:35,680
Jock VI is the latest in a long line
of marmalade toms

270
00:15:35,800 --> 00:15:37,360
living here at Chartwell.

271
00:15:37,480 --> 00:15:39,320
And I'm gonna find him.

272
00:15:41,560 --> 00:15:44,400
Jock? Jocky!

273
00:15:46,000 --> 00:15:47,560
(CAT MEOWS)

274
00:15:49,240 --> 00:15:50,800
Jock.

275
00:15:51,400 --> 00:15:52,960
(MEOWS)

276
00:15:56,880 --> 00:15:58,840
(MEOWS)

277
00:16:00,200 --> 00:16:01,760
Jock?

278
00:16:03,320 --> 00:16:04,880
(MEOWS)

279
00:16:05,000 --> 00:16:06,560
Jock!

280
00:16:08,720 --> 00:16:10,280
(MEOWS)

281
00:16:14,160 --> 00:16:17,680
(APPLAUSE)

282
00:16:17,840 --> 00:16:21,240
And I am here to tell you that we
will wage that war

283
00:16:21,360 --> 00:16:23,880
side by side with you

284
00:16:24,040 --> 00:16:26,520
in accordance with the best
strategic employment

285
00:16:26,640 --> 00:16:28,200
of our forces...

286
00:16:28,800 --> 00:16:31,120
..while there is breath in our
bodies

287
00:16:31,240 --> 00:16:33,480
and while blood flows in our veins.

288
00:16:33,600 --> 00:16:36,400
(CROWD CHEERING)

289
00:16:36,560 --> 00:16:39,160
There's absolutely no doubt that
Winston Churchill

290
00:16:39,280 --> 00:16:40,840
was a master orator.

291
00:16:41,000 --> 00:16:43,400
In fact, his ability to create
and deliver

292
00:16:43,520 --> 00:16:45,360
barnstorming and memorable speeches

293
00:16:45,520 --> 00:16:48,360
really lay at the heart of his
political success.

294
00:16:48,480 --> 00:16:50,040
But how did he do it?

295
00:16:50,200 --> 00:16:53,600
Well, he describes speech-making
as the art of making deep sounds

296
00:16:53,760 --> 00:16:57,280
from the stomach, sound like
important messages from the brain.

297
00:16:58,440 --> 00:17:01,960
One man who's admired and studied
Churchill's words in great depth,

298
00:17:02,120 --> 00:17:05,960
and for a very long time,
is historian Professor Richard Toye.

299
00:17:06,080 --> 00:17:08,120
He's become particularly fascinated

300
00:17:08,280 --> 00:17:10,360
by the speeches made during
World War II

301
00:17:10,520 --> 00:17:12,680
and the impact they had on
the war effort,

302
00:17:12,800 --> 00:17:15,000
the nation, and the entire world.

303
00:17:15,160 --> 00:17:19,960
So, was Churchill's reputation
for rhetoric justified, do you think?

304
00:17:20,120 --> 00:17:23,080
I think it was, but I think the
story is more complicated

305
00:17:23,240 --> 00:17:26,080
than we often think. So actually the
process

306
00:17:26,240 --> 00:17:29,600
by which he learnt to become a great
orator was a very long one.

307
00:17:29,760 --> 00:17:33,880
He had lot of practice. He was first
elected to Parliament in 1900,

308
00:17:34,040 --> 00:17:37,640
so he had decades of experience
before he became Prime Minister.

309
00:17:37,800 --> 00:17:40,280
And there were plenty of missteps
along the way.

310
00:17:40,440 --> 00:17:43,520
You don't think he was a natural
orator? He taught himself.

311
00:17:43,680 --> 00:17:46,760
He was not a natural orator in the
sense of being very good

312
00:17:46,880 --> 00:17:49,000
at doing it spontaneously.

313
00:17:49,160 --> 00:17:54,080
So initially, he tried to learn all
his speeches by heart,

314
00:17:54,840 --> 00:17:58,080
and stand up and deliver them. And
there was a famous occasion

315
00:17:58,200 --> 00:17:59,760
in the Commons in 1904,

316
00:17:59,920 --> 00:18:03,160
where he got almost all the way
through of one of his speeches

317
00:18:03,320 --> 00:18:06,520
and then suddenly forgot, basically,
the last line or two,

318
00:18:06,680 --> 00:18:09,120
and ground to a halt, couldn't do
anything

319
00:18:09,280 --> 00:18:12,040
and sat down with his head in his
hands, and people -

320
00:18:12,200 --> 00:18:15,080
You don't get a prompt in
the House of Commons, do you?

321
00:18:15,240 --> 00:18:18,040
Well, people thought that he might
be losing his mind,

322
00:18:18,200 --> 00:18:20,680
and there was a lot of concern
about him.

323
00:18:20,800 --> 00:18:23,400
And so after that, he always,

324
00:18:23,560 --> 00:18:27,120
if he could, had a prepared text
which he basically read from.

325
00:18:27,280 --> 00:18:31,960
So he was very good at these
carefully crafted orations

326
00:18:32,080 --> 00:18:34,120
on set piece occasions.

327
00:18:34,280 --> 00:18:38,960
But what he wasn't particularly good
at was debates, spontaneous debate,

328
00:18:39,120 --> 00:18:41,080
reacting to what other people had
said

329
00:18:41,200 --> 00:18:43,040
and making comebacks, if you like.

330
00:18:43,200 --> 00:18:47,000
But, I mean, he's very famous
to his witticisms, isn't he? But...

331
00:18:47,160 --> 00:18:50,920
..were none of them spontaneous,
then? None of them were ad-lib?

332
00:18:51,080 --> 00:18:54,040
A lovely story which I think does
indicate, in some ways,

333
00:18:54,160 --> 00:18:55,720
two-levels of preparation,

334
00:18:55,880 --> 00:18:58,640
which that one night, I think,
in the 1950s,

335
00:18:58,800 --> 00:19:01,240
when he was Prime Minister for the
second time,

336
00:19:01,400 --> 00:19:04,880
somebody encounters him late at
night in the cabinet room,

337
00:19:05,000 --> 00:19:06,840
sitting working away. And they say,

338
00:19:07,000 --> 00:19:09,920
"Prime Minister, what are you doing
still up this hour?"

339
00:19:10,080 --> 00:19:13,760
And he says, "I was just preparing
some of my spontaneous witticisms."

340
00:19:13,880 --> 00:19:15,680
Would he deliberately have...

341
00:19:16,760 --> 00:19:21,680
..you know, turned a phrase. It's the
phrases, isn't it, that you remember?

342
00:19:22,160 --> 00:19:25,720
Some of them, he had literally been
working on for decades, so that,

343
00:19:25,880 --> 00:19:30,120
you know, "never have so many owed
so much to so few,"

344
00:19:30,280 --> 00:19:34,680
you can go back and see that, in
1907, speaking in East Africa,

345
00:19:34,840 --> 00:19:37,520
he's writing, in fact, about
a dam and saying that

346
00:19:37,680 --> 00:19:41,400
never has so much water been held
up by so little masonry.

347
00:19:41,560 --> 00:19:45,160
So, these are things -
Not quite such a good phrase.

348
00:19:45,320 --> 00:19:47,360
No, no. You work on it, and over
time,

349
00:19:47,520 --> 00:19:49,640
you've got several decades to work
on it,

350
00:19:49,800 --> 00:19:52,360
and you can see that at the
appropriate moment,

351
00:19:52,520 --> 00:19:56,040
he could sort of reach into his
memory banks and pull it out again.

352
00:19:56,200 --> 00:19:58,480
So his wartime speeches are
the most famous,

353
00:19:58,640 --> 00:20:02,760
but how important were they, do you
think, for the morale of the nation?

354
00:20:02,920 --> 00:20:06,280
They were perhaps effective
in a different way than we think,

355
00:20:06,440 --> 00:20:10,080
and they also aroused more
controversy and more criticism

356
00:20:10,240 --> 00:20:13,400
at the time than we would
tend to think now.

357
00:20:13,560 --> 00:20:17,120
He becomes Prime Minister on
10th of May.

358
00:20:17,240 --> 00:20:19,560
It's not till the 4th of June

359
00:20:19,720 --> 00:20:23,400
that we get this very famous
"Fight them on the beaches" speech.

360
00:20:23,560 --> 00:20:25,680
CHURCHILL: We shall fight on the
beaches,

361
00:20:25,840 --> 00:20:28,240
we shall fight on the landing
grounds,

362
00:20:28,400 --> 00:20:31,840
we shall fight in the fields
and in the streets,

363
00:20:32,000 --> 00:20:36,120
we shall fight in the hills;
we shall never surrender.

364
00:20:36,280 --> 00:20:41,200
But that speech, it's worth saying.
everybody has heard the quotation,

365
00:20:42,320 --> 00:20:46,600
and yet he did not record that
speech at the time.

366
00:20:46,760 --> 00:20:50,800
That recording was made nine years
later. He gave the speech -

367
00:20:50,920 --> 00:20:52,480
So people didn't hear it?

368
00:20:52,640 --> 00:20:56,000
People are remembering something
that they didn't actually hear.

369
00:20:56,160 --> 00:20:59,760
That's quite right. The speech was
delivered in the House of Commons,

370
00:20:59,920 --> 00:21:03,320
and that evening, the BBC announcer
read out extracts of it

371
00:21:03,440 --> 00:21:05,520
on the nine o'clock news.

372
00:21:05,640 --> 00:21:07,600
But unless you happened to be an MP,

373
00:21:07,760 --> 00:21:10,360
or sitting in the gallery of the
House of Commons,

374
00:21:10,480 --> 00:21:12,240
nobody heard it at the time.

375
00:21:12,400 --> 00:21:15,600
Perhaps that says even more about how
powerful the words are.

376
00:21:15,760 --> 00:21:18,720
People suddenly remember hearing them
when they didn't.

377
00:21:18,880 --> 00:21:22,800
They sort of transcend reality and
enter a world of their own.

378
00:21:22,920 --> 00:21:25,040
We shall fight on the beaches.

379
00:21:25,200 --> 00:21:29,040
I have nothing to offer but blood,
toil, tears, and sweat.

380
00:21:29,200 --> 00:21:33,400
Never give in. Never give in.
Never, never, never.

381
00:21:33,520 --> 00:21:35,160
We shall never surrender.

382
00:21:35,280 --> 00:21:37,720
We shall never surrender.

383
00:21:37,880 --> 00:21:42,160
Decades later, and the Churchill
oratory legacy lives on,

384
00:21:42,280 --> 00:21:44,000
not just in books or recordings,

385
00:21:44,160 --> 00:21:46,840
but in the latest generation
of public speakers,

386
00:21:47,000 --> 00:21:50,280
including 17-year-old
Nathania Ewruje

387
00:21:50,440 --> 00:21:54,160
who, in 2014, was the winner of the
English-Speaking Union's

388
00:21:54,320 --> 00:21:56,880
Winston Churchill Cup for
public speaking.

389
00:21:57,040 --> 00:22:00,320
She became the best young
public speaker in the country.

390
00:22:00,480 --> 00:22:03,040
Have you been to
the Houses of Parliament before?

391
00:22:03,200 --> 00:22:06,000
Yes, I was invited down a couple of
months ago

392
00:22:06,160 --> 00:22:09,440
to lay a wreath in a
Winston Churchill memorial service.

393
00:22:09,560 --> 00:22:11,520
And who was here for that?

394
00:22:11,680 --> 00:22:16,400
Ed Miliband, Nick Clegg,
David Cameron, Nicholas Soames.

395
00:22:16,560 --> 00:22:19,840
And they all laid wreaths themselves?
Yes. We all laid wreaths.

396
00:22:20,000 --> 00:22:24,080
We were all in a line. There's a
really symbolic photo of us all.

397
00:22:24,240 --> 00:22:26,560
And did that feel odd? Were they nice
to you?

398
00:22:26,760 --> 00:22:30,840
They were really nice to me. But,
yeah, it felt really weird.
Really weird.

399
00:22:31,000 --> 00:22:35,280
And did it make you want to be
a politician, to use public speaking?

400
00:22:35,400 --> 00:22:37,200
As much as I love public speaking,

401
00:22:37,360 --> 00:22:40,480
I don't really want to be a
politician. Because, I feel like

402
00:22:40,600 --> 00:22:43,080
I don't want to be a hate figure.

403
00:22:43,240 --> 00:22:45,720
And what do you want to do, then,
if not that?

404
00:22:45,840 --> 00:22:48,240
I want to be a dentist.

405
00:22:48,400 --> 00:22:51,160
(CHUCKLES) Do you?
Yeah, I know it's very different.

406
00:22:51,320 --> 00:22:54,240
If you don't wanna be a hate figure,
don't be a dentist.

407
00:22:54,400 --> 00:22:58,760
Like, 90% of the population hate
going to the dentist.

408
00:22:58,920 --> 00:23:02,120
What do you think
Churchill means to your generation?

409
00:23:02,280 --> 00:23:05,640
I think Churchill can kind of be
used as a role model

410
00:23:05,760 --> 00:23:07,360
to a lot of young people.

411
00:23:07,520 --> 00:23:09,720
I mean, like, he's an example of
someone

412
00:23:09,880 --> 00:23:12,120
who kind of came from small
beginnings,

413
00:23:12,240 --> 00:23:13,880
who kinda got things wrong.

414
00:23:14,040 --> 00:23:16,200
I think a lot of young people,
they think,

415
00:23:16,360 --> 00:23:19,560
just because there's so many
opportunities available to them,

416
00:23:19,680 --> 00:23:21,240
they can't really screw up.

417
00:23:21,440 --> 00:23:25,280
Here's an example of someone who
keeps getting it wrong,
getting it wrong,

418
00:23:25,440 --> 00:23:28,200
and just carries on
and just picks himself back up

419
00:23:28,360 --> 00:23:30,560
no matter what the circumstances
are.

420
00:23:30,720 --> 00:23:32,880
Meeting Nathania was a refreshing
reminder

421
00:23:33,000 --> 00:23:34,800
of just how the Churchill legacy

422
00:23:34,960 --> 00:23:37,280
continues to inspire people of all
ages.

423
00:23:37,440 --> 00:23:41,000
And that's partly because he's been
immortalised on stage and screen

424
00:23:41,160 --> 00:23:43,640
by a number of Britain's best-loved
actors.

425
00:23:43,800 --> 00:23:47,800
Richard Burton, Timothy Spall,
Bob Hoskins, Brendan Gleeson.

426
00:23:47,960 --> 00:23:52,520
But no-one has come as close to
mastering the role as Robert Hardy,

427
00:23:52,680 --> 00:23:56,160
who was nominated for a BAFTA
for the 1981 series

428
00:23:56,320 --> 00:23:58,760
Winston Churchill:
The Wilderness Years.

429
00:23:59,800 --> 00:24:03,000
Britain must regain

430
00:24:03,120 --> 00:24:05,160
our former strength and confidence

431
00:24:05,280 --> 00:24:07,200
in our role in the world.

432
00:24:09,240 --> 00:24:10,800
(DOOR BELL)

433
00:24:14,000 --> 00:24:18,360
Robert. Hugh Dennis.
As I live and die. What an honour!

434
00:24:18,520 --> 00:24:21,400
Not as great as mine.
Come on in, come in.

435
00:24:22,840 --> 00:24:25,960
I thought I'll bring you in here
because there's a lot of...

436
00:24:26,960 --> 00:24:28,520
..Churchilliana.

437
00:24:29,480 --> 00:24:31,600
How many times have you played
Churchill?

438
00:24:31,720 --> 00:24:33,720
Nine, I think.

439
00:24:33,880 --> 00:24:37,120
And did you take on the, you know,
the first role

440
00:24:37,280 --> 00:24:39,560
with a certain amount of trepidation
or...

441
00:24:39,720 --> 00:24:43,240
I refused it absolutely.
I said, "No."

442
00:24:43,400 --> 00:24:47,080
Cos I knew its impossibility.
And what persuaded you?

443
00:24:47,240 --> 00:24:52,160
Oh, ages and ages of pressure from
them.

444
00:24:52,440 --> 00:24:56,040
Eventually, I don't know how many
lunches it took or how many months.

445
00:24:56,200 --> 00:25:01,120
But months. Mm. Eventually I saw
that they had such faith

446
00:25:02,400 --> 00:25:07,320
in something in me which I didn't
perceive at all. Mm.

447
00:25:08,280 --> 00:25:11,960
Eventually I said, "Well, if you
really think so, I'll have a go."

448
00:25:12,080 --> 00:25:14,240
And are you glad you did?

449
00:25:14,400 --> 00:25:18,440
Well, yes, of course, because I
absolutely adored Churchill.

450
00:25:18,560 --> 00:25:20,720
Mm. People of my generation,

451
00:25:20,880 --> 00:25:24,120
you know, we listened to every
speech he made.

452
00:25:24,280 --> 00:25:29,200
And his genius at reporting the
worst news to us,

453
00:25:29,840 --> 00:25:32,000
week by week or month by month.

454
00:25:32,120 --> 00:25:35,600
He somehow always just lifted us up.

455
00:25:35,720 --> 00:25:38,800
And he took the nation by the hand

456
00:25:38,960 --> 00:25:42,800
and simply led us through
the worst time in our history.

457
00:25:42,920 --> 00:25:44,880
There you are. That's it.

458
00:25:45,000 --> 00:25:46,960
Well, how about moving on?

459
00:25:50,600 --> 00:25:52,840
Take a chair.
Thank you very much.

460
00:25:53,000 --> 00:25:56,680
But not only did Robert
become Churchill, he also met him.

461
00:25:56,840 --> 00:25:59,400
I did. It was an extraordinary
occasion

462
00:25:59,560 --> 00:26:04,120
when my dear friend Richard Burton
was playing Hamlet at the Old Vic,

463
00:26:04,240 --> 00:26:06,400
and I was playing Laertes.

464
00:26:06,560 --> 00:26:10,880
And we concluded the play well aware
that Winston was in the front row,

465
00:26:11,040 --> 00:26:14,760
because it's a very, very long
play, and it's always cut.

466
00:26:14,920 --> 00:26:18,280
And every time we cut, there
was an eruption from the front row,

467
00:26:18,440 --> 00:26:21,880
because he knew it all by heart,
and that's wrong.

468
00:26:22,040 --> 00:26:26,600
"Ro-ro", things like that.
"Where are we now?"

469
00:26:26,720 --> 00:26:28,680
All that was going on quite loud.

470
00:26:29,840 --> 00:26:33,720
And then Richard said to me,
"He's coming to my dressing room.

471
00:26:33,840 --> 00:26:35,800
Come straight to my room."

472
00:26:36,920 --> 00:26:39,880
So, I did, and we heard him,

473
00:26:40,040 --> 00:26:42,800
puffing and rumbling down the
corridor.

474
00:26:44,040 --> 00:26:47,120
Heard him turning right,
heard him knock at the door,

475
00:26:47,240 --> 00:26:49,960
come in, and he said to Richard,

476
00:26:50,120 --> 00:26:52,720
addressing him
still as the Prince of Denmark,

477
00:26:52,840 --> 00:26:55,880
"Your Highness, I'm in great need.

478
00:26:56,000 --> 00:26:59,320
May I use your lavatory?"

479
00:26:59,480 --> 00:27:02,080
And Richard said,
"Sir, I'd be honoured."

480
00:27:02,200 --> 00:27:04,600
Unlike most politicians,

481
00:27:04,760 --> 00:27:07,880
where wit in the House of Commons
isn't really wit, is it?

482
00:27:08,040 --> 00:27:11,280
You can get away with all sorts
because you have a captive...

483
00:27:11,440 --> 00:27:15,480
Sure. 300 backbenchers will laugh at
anything you say.

484
00:27:15,640 --> 00:27:20,560
Churchill actually had genuine wit, I
think. Oh, yes. He had.

485
00:27:21,000 --> 00:27:23,400
There is the Nancy Astor story,
isn't there?

486
00:27:24,640 --> 00:27:29,560
She said... exhausted and infuriated
by him on his feet, in the Commons,

487
00:27:32,160 --> 00:27:33,720
said, "Oh...

488
00:27:35,240 --> 00:27:36,800
..Winston...

489
00:27:37,880 --> 00:27:41,760
..if you were my husband, I'd poison
your coffee."

490
00:27:42,920 --> 00:27:44,480
And he said...

491
00:27:46,360 --> 00:27:49,640
.."Lady Astor, if you were my wife,
I'd drink it."

492
00:27:49,760 --> 00:27:52,320
(HUGH LAUGHS)

493
00:27:52,440 --> 00:27:54,320
You want that to be true, don't you?

494
00:27:54,480 --> 00:27:57,120
You absolutely...
You want all of them to be true.

495
00:27:57,280 --> 00:27:59,760
I think that's in the House of
Common's reports.

496
00:27:59,920 --> 00:28:03,000
What do you think was the key
for you in playing Churchill?

497
00:28:03,120 --> 00:28:04,680
What did you have to master?

498
00:28:04,840 --> 00:28:08,440
Well, I felt the most difficult
thing was the voice.

499
00:28:08,600 --> 00:28:10,880
All these nine times that I've
attempted...

500
00:28:12,160 --> 00:28:16,920
..Winston, you know, it has got
a bit better each time, I think.

501
00:28:18,080 --> 00:28:21,360
But I was best in French cos nobody
knew...

502
00:28:22,360 --> 00:28:25,080
..nobody in Paris knew or cared.
(LAUGHS)

503
00:28:26,600 --> 00:28:29,200
So, how do you do a Churchill voice?
What's the...

504
00:28:30,480 --> 00:28:32,640
What is the secret?
(LAUGHS) I don't know.

505
00:28:32,800 --> 00:28:36,040
Whatever secret it is, I've lost it
now.

506
00:28:36,160 --> 00:28:38,240
But I mean it's a...

507
00:28:39,280 --> 00:28:41,680
You have to try and embody...

508
00:28:43,160 --> 00:28:46,400
(IMITATING CHURCHILL)
..some of the curiosities.

509
00:28:47,440 --> 00:28:50,040
And some of the tone,

510
00:28:50,160 --> 00:28:52,120
and some of the tune.

511
00:28:53,360 --> 00:28:55,600
Cos he had a particular tune.

512
00:28:55,760 --> 00:28:58,360
Which is - He had a particular
rhythm, didn't he?

513
00:28:58,520 --> 00:29:01,120
A particular rhythm. Yeah. Yeah, he
did.

514
00:29:02,200 --> 00:29:04,760
Which I've really lost touch with.

515
00:29:06,080 --> 00:29:09,360
Robert wanted to put
my Churchill impression to the test.

516
00:29:09,520 --> 00:29:12,520
(IMITATING CHURCHILL)
"The news from France is very bad."

517
00:29:13,680 --> 00:29:16,720
(IMITATING ROBERT)
"The news from France is very bad."

518
00:29:16,880 --> 00:29:20,480
(IMITATING CHURCHILL) "And I grieve
for the gallant French people,

519
00:29:20,640 --> 00:29:24,320
who have fallen
into this terrible misfortune."

520
00:29:24,480 --> 00:29:27,800
(IMITATING ROBERT) "And I grieve
for the gallant French people,

521
00:29:27,960 --> 00:29:30,880
who have fallen into this
misfortune."

522
00:29:31,040 --> 00:29:34,560
(IMITATING CHURCHILL) "Nothing can
alter our feelings towards them,

523
00:29:34,720 --> 00:29:38,320
or our faith that the genius of
France will rise again."

524
00:29:38,480 --> 00:29:41,760
(IMITATING ROBERT) You're making
these sentences very long now.

525
00:29:41,920 --> 00:29:44,880
I'm finding it difficult to remember
them. Oh, I'm sorry.

526
00:29:45,040 --> 00:29:49,480
CHURCHILL: Nothing will alter our
feelings towards them...

527
00:29:51,000 --> 00:29:55,920
..or our faith that the genius of
France will rise again."

528
00:29:58,240 --> 00:30:01,920
I think I did all right there. But
it's harder to do than you'd think.

529
00:30:02,080 --> 00:30:05,520
And it's one of those impressions
everyone thinks they can manage.

530
00:30:05,680 --> 00:30:07,760
We can all do a decent Churchill,
right?

531
00:30:07,920 --> 00:30:10,840
(IMITATING CHURCHILL)
"We'll fight them on the beaches."

532
00:30:11,000 --> 00:30:13,760
"We will never surrender."
"We will never surrender."

533
00:30:13,880 --> 00:30:15,720
"We will fight them on the beaches.

534
00:30:15,880 --> 00:30:19,840
We will fight them on the shore.
We will never surrender."

535
00:30:20,000 --> 00:30:22,680
"Never in the field of human
conflict

536
00:30:22,840 --> 00:30:25,440
was so much owed by so many to so
few."

537
00:30:25,560 --> 00:30:28,240
"We will fight them on the beaches."

538
00:30:28,400 --> 00:30:31,360
"Never give up.
Never, never give up."

539
00:30:31,480 --> 00:30:33,040
I don't have an impression.

540
00:30:33,160 --> 00:30:34,720
"Oh, yes."

541
00:30:43,680 --> 00:30:46,640
Winston Churchill is perhaps best
known as an orator,

542
00:30:46,760 --> 00:30:48,320
a great speechmaker.

543
00:30:48,480 --> 00:30:51,360
But less appreciated is his role as a
fashion icon.

544
00:30:51,520 --> 00:30:56,440
The top-hat, the cigar, and the
cane. Big trench coat, big fella.

545
00:30:56,720 --> 00:30:59,280
A bottle of champagne.
Didn't he wear a jumpsuit?

546
00:30:59,440 --> 00:31:02,000
The romper suits.
A big cigar as well.

547
00:31:02,160 --> 00:31:04,880
He used to smoke a cigar
and wear a really cool hat.

548
00:31:05,040 --> 00:31:09,560
His hats, yeah, the hat with the...
I don't know how you call it...

549
00:31:09,680 --> 00:31:11,240
Probably a hat.

550
00:31:11,400 --> 00:31:15,240
He loved hats. In fact, it's said
that Winston never found a hat

551
00:31:15,360 --> 00:31:16,920
that he didn't like.

552
00:31:17,080 --> 00:31:21,360
I'm completely the opposite. I've
never found a hat that suited me.

553
00:31:21,520 --> 00:31:24,640
But if I am gonna find one, it's
gonna be here.

554
00:31:24,800 --> 00:31:28,000
Because this is the company that made
them for Winston.

555
00:31:29,040 --> 00:31:31,000
Good morning, sir.

556
00:31:31,120 --> 00:31:33,440
Established in 1676,

557
00:31:33,600 --> 00:31:37,320
James Lock and Co is the oldest hat
shop in the world, as well as being

558
00:31:37,480 --> 00:31:41,000
one of the oldest family-owned
businesses still in existence.

559
00:31:41,160 --> 00:31:43,920
Come and have look and see what you
think. Thank you.

560
00:31:44,080 --> 00:31:46,720
I will look terrible in all these
hats, by the way.

561
00:31:46,880 --> 00:31:50,080
Well, come and try some of
Churchill's. We've laid out a few.

562
00:31:50,240 --> 00:31:53,000
This is a picture you're probably
very familiar with,

563
00:31:53,160 --> 00:31:56,680
which is Churchill on his wedding
day, just getting out of the car,

564
00:31:56,800 --> 00:31:58,920
wearing a nice, silk hat.

565
00:31:59,040 --> 00:32:01,080
Now, there at the end, Hugh, is a...

566
00:32:02,520 --> 00:32:05,160
..silk hat of exactly the sort he
would be wearing.

567
00:32:05,280 --> 00:32:06,840
See what that's like.

568
00:32:07,000 --> 00:32:09,760
I never know which is the front
and the back of hats.

569
00:32:09,920 --> 00:32:13,520
It's sometimes obvious. But the bow
is usually on the left-hand side.

570
00:32:13,680 --> 00:32:16,360
Very good. I've got the
weirdest-shaped head.

571
00:32:16,520 --> 00:32:18,920
I think it's completely square,
my head.

572
00:32:19,080 --> 00:32:22,200
Well - You could use it as a kind of
set square.

573
00:32:22,360 --> 00:32:25,160
So, let's move on. And then this is
the sort of hat

574
00:32:25,280 --> 00:32:27,280
he was wearing a little later.

575
00:32:27,440 --> 00:32:29,360
Do you wear this straight?
Yeah.

576
00:32:29,520 --> 00:32:32,320
And then, of course,
we come into the First World War.

577
00:32:32,480 --> 00:32:36,280
There's an interesting story,
because during the First World War,

578
00:32:36,440 --> 00:32:38,600
his career almost completely was
destroyed

579
00:32:38,760 --> 00:32:42,320
with the Dardanelles affair, which
we now call the Gallipoli affair.

580
00:32:42,480 --> 00:32:45,160
I think 50,000 or 60,000 lost their
lives.

581
00:32:45,320 --> 00:32:48,600
Strategically, it was brilliant, but
the execution wasn't good.

582
00:32:48,760 --> 00:32:51,440
And it cost him his job.
He stays in the cabinet

583
00:32:51,600 --> 00:32:53,880
as the Chancellor of the Duchy of
Lancaster.

584
00:32:54,040 --> 00:32:56,400
And he says,
"Please, I must go and find out

585
00:32:56,520 --> 00:32:58,080
why it's such a disaster."

586
00:32:58,240 --> 00:33:00,960
The Prime Minister agrees, but the
King stops it.

587
00:33:01,120 --> 00:33:04,000
And the day before he's due to go,
on the 20th of July,

588
00:33:04,160 --> 00:33:06,720
he's told by the Prime Minister,
"You may not go.

589
00:33:06,840 --> 00:33:08,520
Somebody else is going instead."

590
00:33:08,680 --> 00:33:11,320
And he must have been in the depths
of depression.

591
00:33:11,480 --> 00:33:14,320
Because there he is, he's lost his
big job and so on.

592
00:33:14,480 --> 00:33:18,600
He comes in here on the Tuesday,
and he buys himself a brown Homburg.

593
00:33:18,720 --> 00:33:20,680
But I think he was in sombre mood.

594
00:33:20,840 --> 00:33:23,280
And I think he just wanted to cheer
himself up,

595
00:33:23,440 --> 00:33:26,680
and so he got himself a hat
on the day that he's told he can't

596
00:33:26,840 --> 00:33:29,440
even go to the Dardanelles to see
what's going on.

597
00:33:29,600 --> 00:33:31,920
Can you say that the number of hats
he bought

598
00:33:32,080 --> 00:33:34,360
is how many times he was feeling
very down.

599
00:33:34,520 --> 00:33:37,400
Well, I can't tell you. I, mostly,
despite the reported

600
00:33:37,560 --> 00:33:40,000
black dog depression, I think mostly
he was up.

601
00:33:40,160 --> 00:33:44,280
But - It's bad for business for you,
of course, when he was cheerful.

602
00:33:44,440 --> 00:33:47,840
And then later... Now, this is a hat
you've certainly seen. Yeah.

603
00:33:48,000 --> 00:33:50,680
Try that one.
That's called a Cambridge.

604
00:33:50,840 --> 00:33:54,320
And he liked wearing that style too.
He wore so many styles.

605
00:33:56,640 --> 00:34:00,200
You've got that at a slightly jaunty
angle, but that's fine. Am I...

606
00:34:00,360 --> 00:34:03,320
That suits you. I think it might be
the shape of my head.

607
00:34:03,480 --> 00:34:07,000
How does it fit? Well, it's...
I've got a bit of...

608
00:34:07,120 --> 00:34:08,680
You're very good.

609
00:34:10,440 --> 00:34:13,640
At school, my nickname...
cos I've got very high cheek bones,

610
00:34:13,800 --> 00:34:17,720
I've got quite a large chin,
one of my nicknames was snowplough.

611
00:34:17,880 --> 00:34:21,200
Because my face is exactly
the same shape as a snowplough.

612
00:34:21,360 --> 00:34:24,280
If you push me along the playground
on a snowy day,

613
00:34:24,440 --> 00:34:27,960
the snow would be forced up, here,
and away.

614
00:34:28,120 --> 00:34:31,480
One little photograph which shows
him wearing that hat. Oh, yes.

615
00:34:31,640 --> 00:34:33,920
You'll probably be familiar with
that one.

616
00:34:34,080 --> 00:34:37,680
Where is this taken? Do you know the
history of this?

617
00:34:37,840 --> 00:34:40,080
That's taken in the
Second World War.

618
00:34:40,240 --> 00:34:43,120
And he's demonstrating that he's got
whatever it takes.

619
00:34:45,120 --> 00:34:47,800
You can see he's quite pleased
with himself. Hm.

620
00:34:49,320 --> 00:34:51,480
I've never found a hat that suited
me.

621
00:34:51,640 --> 00:34:53,960
Then come and have a look at some
others too.

622
00:34:54,080 --> 00:34:55,720
By all means, that one, maybe.

623
00:34:55,880 --> 00:34:59,280
But I think you want one which
doesn't make everybody look at you

624
00:34:59,440 --> 00:35:03,080
when you go along but just some.
That's about the right balance.

625
00:35:03,280 --> 00:35:08,120
You think everyone will look at me in
this? I think everybody will look at
you in that one.

626
00:35:08,240 --> 00:35:10,200
OK. What if I have a Tommy gun?

627
00:35:11,640 --> 00:35:15,560
Then you might be looked at by some
other people.

628
00:35:17,160 --> 00:35:19,120
But if a hat can make you feel
better,

629
00:35:19,240 --> 00:35:21,160
it's clothes that maketh the man.

630
00:35:21,320 --> 00:35:25,200
And it's just a short walk to the
world's most fashionable street.

631
00:35:25,360 --> 00:35:28,480
This is Savile Row,
home to London's finest tailors.

632
00:35:28,640 --> 00:35:32,280
It's a road that actually makes you
feel really quite under-dressed.

633
00:35:32,440 --> 00:35:35,520
But anyway, I'm heading
up to Henry Poole, just here,

634
00:35:35,680 --> 00:35:38,280
which is one of the finest tailors
on this street.

635
00:35:38,440 --> 00:35:42,600
Which since 1806, has dressed some of
the world's most influential people.

636
00:35:42,760 --> 00:35:46,400
Not surprisingly, it was one of
Churchill's favourite tailors.

637
00:35:47,360 --> 00:35:49,800
In 1876, Henry Poole died

638
00:35:49,960 --> 00:35:52,880
and passed the business
on to his cousin, Samuel Cundey.

639
00:35:53,040 --> 00:35:56,240
The Cundeys have been running the
family business ever since.

640
00:35:56,400 --> 00:35:59,560
And today, Angus Cundey
and his son, Simon, are in charge.

641
00:35:59,680 --> 00:36:02,040
Hi. Hugh. Nice to meet you.

642
00:36:02,200 --> 00:36:05,880
You knew who I was at the same moment
that I told you. That's amazing.

643
00:36:06,000 --> 00:36:07,560
That's amazing. Yeah.

644
00:36:07,680 --> 00:36:10,040
So, this is the cloth that Churchill

645
00:36:10,200 --> 00:36:12,800
wears in that famous photograph,
isn't it?

646
00:36:12,960 --> 00:36:15,200
That's right. With the Tommy gun.
Yeah.

647
00:36:15,360 --> 00:36:17,520
Very much a heavier cloth in its
day.

648
00:36:17,680 --> 00:36:19,600
It was, you know, a bit
bullet proof,

649
00:36:19,760 --> 00:36:22,200
a bit armour proof. At 18 ounces,
It was heavy.

650
00:36:22,360 --> 00:36:25,760
These days, we couldn't sell it. But
now, we make it at 11 ounce.

651
00:36:25,920 --> 00:36:29,120
But it does come from the original
mill from back in the day.

652
00:36:29,240 --> 00:36:30,920
And that's the Churchill stripe.

653
00:36:31,080 --> 00:36:33,920
Churchill loved a stripe, didn't
he? Why was that?

654
00:36:34,080 --> 00:36:36,440
Because they basically elongate the
body.

655
00:36:36,600 --> 00:36:39,560
They make you taller.
They make you, sort of, stronger.

656
00:36:39,720 --> 00:36:41,640
The width of the stripe is
important.

657
00:36:41,800 --> 00:36:44,560
The stronger the stripe,
the more authority it looks.

658
00:36:44,760 --> 00:36:48,560
Power-play lawyers, that sort of
character, have these big, bold
stripes.

659
00:36:48,720 --> 00:36:52,320
That's what it came down to. His
body was petite, his head was large.

660
00:36:52,480 --> 00:36:56,360
So he wanted something to balance
him out. And stripes made him that.

661
00:36:56,520 --> 00:36:58,600
You're wearing one, aren't you?
Yes.

662
00:36:58,760 --> 00:37:01,080
It makes you... How tall are you
normally?

663
00:37:01,240 --> 00:37:04,320
I'm about 5'2".
But actually today I'm about 5'11".

664
00:37:04,480 --> 00:37:07,320
Maybe pushing the six-foot mark
by the end of the day.

665
00:37:07,440 --> 00:37:09,800
So that's how it works for me.

666
00:37:09,960 --> 00:37:12,560
What about zebra?
What do you think they're up to?

667
00:37:12,720 --> 00:37:17,000
Zebra's kind of mixed-bag.
They tend to run all over the place.

668
00:37:17,120 --> 00:37:18,760
I've often thought with zebras,

669
00:37:18,920 --> 00:37:21,040
they are very like barcodes, aren't
they?

670
00:37:21,200 --> 00:37:24,560
If you ran a barcode scanner over a
zebra, would it say 'zebra'?

671
00:37:24,720 --> 00:37:28,280
Maybe it comes up with a price?
Comes up with a price, it might do.

672
00:37:28,440 --> 00:37:31,000
This is the weirdest conversation
I've ever had.

673
00:37:31,160 --> 00:37:34,080
Anyway, do you have this made up
somewhere?

674
00:37:34,240 --> 00:37:36,640
We actually have one made by the
window there.

675
00:37:36,800 --> 00:37:39,360
In fact, this jacket is even in
Churchill's size.

676
00:37:39,480 --> 00:37:42,560
Let's pop down Winston. There we go.

677
00:37:42,680 --> 00:37:45,560
So, let's just try on the Churchill.

678
00:37:45,680 --> 00:37:47,240
There we go.

679
00:37:48,800 --> 00:37:50,840
Nicely on the neck.

680
00:37:50,960 --> 00:37:52,920
That's it. It's fine, isn't it?

681
00:37:53,040 --> 00:37:55,000
Well, it's fine apart from the arms.

682
00:37:55,160 --> 00:37:57,640
I think the upper body is pretty
good.

683
00:37:57,800 --> 00:37:59,960
Thank you very much.
(LAUGHS)

684
00:38:00,120 --> 00:38:02,240
The lower part obviously is your
sleeves,

685
00:38:02,400 --> 00:38:05,120
longer arms, so a bit short in the
coat.

686
00:38:05,280 --> 00:38:09,240
I find it very surprising that he was
this small, actually. Don't you?

687
00:38:09,400 --> 00:38:11,960
Did you make suits for him the
whole of his life?

688
00:38:12,120 --> 00:38:15,200
Pretty much. But you'll have
to meet my father on that one.

689
00:38:15,320 --> 00:38:16,880
So, come and meet him.

690
00:38:18,040 --> 00:38:20,200
Meet my father, Angus Cundey.

691
00:38:20,360 --> 00:38:23,000
Pleased to meet you.
Hello, Angus. And you.

692
00:38:23,120 --> 00:38:25,160
Fantastic. What have you got there?

693
00:38:25,320 --> 00:38:30,240
Sir Winston Churchill came to us
first in 1905.

694
00:38:32,120 --> 00:38:34,880
And at that time,
he was living in Mount Street.

695
00:38:35,000 --> 00:38:38,040
We think his chest was 37.

696
00:38:38,160 --> 00:38:40,360
And waist 35.

697
00:38:40,520 --> 00:38:45,120
So in 1906, according to this, he
spent £243/4s/6d.

698
00:38:45,280 --> 00:38:47,800
And you know, that really is
a lot of money.

699
00:38:47,960 --> 00:38:52,880
Hm. Wow. We had a
British Warm overcoat, £9/9s.

700
00:38:55,920 --> 00:38:57,480
So this is 1929, isn't it?

701
00:38:57,640 --> 00:39:01,240
Did he carry on buying from you
right through to the end of his life?

702
00:39:01,360 --> 00:39:03,880
The orders all stopped.

703
00:39:04,040 --> 00:39:08,960
And he in fact owed
£126/5s/6d,

704
00:39:12,120 --> 00:39:14,600
and he didn't pay us.

705
00:39:14,720 --> 00:39:16,640
And he didn't pay us until...

706
00:39:17,880 --> 00:39:22,000
..the most terrible thing happened,
and it did upset my father.

707
00:39:22,160 --> 00:39:27,000
Mm. And that was that
he was made Prime Minister in 1940.

708
00:39:27,160 --> 00:39:29,920
And the moment
he was made Prime Minister,

709
00:39:30,080 --> 00:39:34,880
we sent a bill to 10 Downing Street,
and he paid us.

710
00:39:35,040 --> 00:39:38,800
And sadly, we never saw him again as
a customer.

711
00:39:38,920 --> 00:39:41,440
Hm. So, it meant that, um...

712
00:39:42,360 --> 00:39:45,080
..poor Churchill, Prime Minister,

713
00:39:45,200 --> 00:39:47,920
not only had Hitler after him,

714
00:39:48,040 --> 00:39:50,320
but also his tailor.

715
00:39:50,480 --> 00:39:54,000
Hugh, would you like to come and see
some tailors working on suits?

716
00:39:54,160 --> 00:39:57,560
I'd love to, yeah. Come on through.
Thank you. Thank you.

717
00:39:57,680 --> 00:40:01,000
This is actually a British Warm.

718
00:40:01,160 --> 00:40:04,040
Oh, so the kind of coat that
Churchill...

719
00:40:04,200 --> 00:40:07,400
Actually, let's just try this on you
to see how it feels.

720
00:40:09,600 --> 00:40:13,640
And this is what Churchill
wore towards the end of his life.

721
00:40:13,800 --> 00:40:16,720
So he went from this to this.
Yeah.

722
00:40:16,880 --> 00:40:19,280
(CLEARS THROAT)
(CHUCKLES)

723
00:40:19,440 --> 00:40:21,920
You sure there wasn't someone
in there with him?

724
00:40:22,080 --> 00:40:25,280
Not to my knowledge.
That is huge.

725
00:40:25,440 --> 00:40:27,680
And that is
incredibly heavy, isn't it?

726
00:40:27,840 --> 00:40:31,520
You can see the great photograph
with him and Stalin together.

727
00:40:31,680 --> 00:40:34,880
That was the coat he was wearing
that we made him in 1918.

728
00:40:35,040 --> 00:40:37,240
Is he looking the warmest, do you
think?

729
00:40:37,400 --> 00:40:40,920
I think Stalin - Stalin probably
knew what he was doing, didn't he?

730
00:40:41,040 --> 00:40:43,000
He knew about cold weather.

731
00:40:44,880 --> 00:40:47,760
It was indeed a remarkable and very
deliberate

732
00:40:47,880 --> 00:40:50,000
transformation for Churchill.

733
00:40:50,160 --> 00:40:53,040
He'd most definitely been considered
a runt at school,

734
00:40:53,200 --> 00:40:57,160
he showed no real sporting prowess
and once went running into the woods

735
00:40:57,320 --> 00:40:59,760
when the other boys threw cricket
balls at him.

736
00:41:02,720 --> 00:41:06,520
In 1897, Churchill wrote to his
brother Jack,

737
00:41:06,680 --> 00:41:09,440
"Being in many ways a coward,
particularly at school,

738
00:41:09,600 --> 00:41:12,400
there is no ambition I cherish so
keenly

739
00:41:12,560 --> 00:41:15,800
as to gain a reputation for personal
courage."

740
00:41:15,960 --> 00:41:20,560
Which may in some way, explain his
seemingly unending desire

741
00:41:20,720 --> 00:41:23,400
to put himself in danger, in war
zones

742
00:41:23,520 --> 00:41:26,280
as a correspondent or as a soldier.

743
00:41:26,400 --> 00:41:28,360
Or his love of flying at a time when

744
00:41:28,520 --> 00:41:31,800
the statistics were pretty much
stacked against you.

745
00:41:31,960 --> 00:41:35,240
Wherever the action was,
that's where Churchill wanted to be.

746
00:41:35,360 --> 00:41:37,320
And that was the case even on D-Day.

747
00:41:48,880 --> 00:41:50,840
In the run-up to the D-Day landings,

748
00:41:51,000 --> 00:41:54,440
Churchill decided that he couldn't
sit here comfortably in London,

749
00:41:54,600 --> 00:41:56,920
or in some headquarters
in the home counties,

750
00:41:57,080 --> 00:42:00,000
while so many people
were putting their lives in danger.

751
00:42:00,160 --> 00:42:03,040
So he hatched a plan. And that was
that he would direct

752
00:42:03,200 --> 00:42:06,800
his part of the operations
from this warship, HMS Belfast,

753
00:42:06,960 --> 00:42:11,480
as it sat off the Normandy Coast
pounding enemy positions.

754
00:42:11,640 --> 00:42:15,240
He spoke to the King to tell him that
that's what he was going to do,

755
00:42:15,400 --> 00:42:17,480
and the King, not wishing to be
outdone,

756
00:42:17,640 --> 00:42:21,320
as he was a military man as well,
said that, OK, he'd go too.

757
00:42:21,480 --> 00:42:25,040
Obviously it didn't take the King's
secretary very long to point out

758
00:42:25,200 --> 00:42:27,880
that this probably wasn't that good
an idea.

759
00:42:28,040 --> 00:42:30,560
The King then wrote to Churchill
to say that...

760
00:42:30,720 --> 00:42:33,640
"My dear Winston, I've been thinking
a great deal of our

761
00:42:33,800 --> 00:42:36,680
conversation yesterday, and I've come
to the conclusion

762
00:42:36,840 --> 00:42:39,400
that it would not be right for either
you or I

763
00:42:39,520 --> 00:42:41,360
to be where we plan to be on D-Day.

764
00:42:41,520 --> 00:42:45,080
I very reluctantly come to the
conclusion that the right thing to do

765
00:42:45,240 --> 00:42:48,480
is what normally falls to those at
the top on such occasions.

766
00:42:48,600 --> 00:42:51,120
Namely, to remain at home and wait.

767
00:42:51,280 --> 00:42:54,880
I hope very much that you will
see it in this light, too.

768
00:42:55,040 --> 00:42:58,480
But Churchill wasn't that easily
dissuaded. He decided that, well,

769
00:42:58,640 --> 00:43:02,200
if that's what the King was gonna do,
Churchill would go on his own.

770
00:43:02,360 --> 00:43:05,880
And it took a second letter from the
Monarch effectively forbidding

771
00:43:06,040 --> 00:43:09,760
Churchill from doing it,
to dissuade the Prime Minister.

772
00:43:09,920 --> 00:43:13,280
"My dear Winston, I want to make one
more appeal to you

773
00:43:13,400 --> 00:43:15,440
not to go to sea on D-Day.

774
00:43:15,600 --> 00:43:19,920
I am a sailor. And as King,
I am the head of all three services.

775
00:43:20,080 --> 00:43:22,960
There is nothing I would like better
than to go to sea,

776
00:43:23,080 --> 00:43:25,080
but I have agreed to stay at home.

777
00:43:25,240 --> 00:43:27,520
Is it fair that you should then do
exactly

778
00:43:27,680 --> 00:43:29,760
what I should have liked to do
myself?

779
00:43:29,920 --> 00:43:33,360
I ask you most earnestly to consider
the whole question again,

780
00:43:33,520 --> 00:43:37,160
and not let your personal wishes,
which I very well understand,

781
00:43:37,320 --> 00:43:41,760
lead you to depart from your own high
standard of duty to the State.

782
00:43:41,880 --> 00:43:44,560
Your very sincere friend, George."

783
00:43:44,720 --> 00:43:47,840
You can't really imagine any modern
Prime Minister, can you,

784
00:43:48,000 --> 00:43:51,280
putting themselves in that kind of
danger,

785
00:43:51,440 --> 00:43:54,960
or putting themselves in the war zone
in such a perilous position.

786
00:43:55,120 --> 00:43:58,520
Perhaps that is why Churchill
has become such an enduring figure.

787
00:44:10,920 --> 00:44:14,960
For Churchill, his greatest legacy
will surely be the defeat of Hitler.

788
00:44:15,120 --> 00:44:18,280
He once said, "If Hitler invaded
hell, I would make at least

789
00:44:18,440 --> 00:44:21,560
a favourable reference to the Devil
in the House of Commons.

790
00:44:22,840 --> 00:44:25,800
Like all conflicts, World War II
caused great pain

791
00:44:25,960 --> 00:44:29,240
and came at a great cost to both
sides.

792
00:44:29,400 --> 00:44:32,280
So I'm here in Germany to see what
the name Churchill

793
00:44:32,440 --> 00:44:35,080
means to people in this country. And
specifically,

794
00:44:35,240 --> 00:44:39,080
to a group of men with a very
interesting hobby here in Nuremberg.

795
00:44:39,200 --> 00:44:41,160
(HEAVY METAL PLAYS)

796
00:44:46,040 --> 00:44:50,640
Atlantean Kodex are a heavy metal
band based in deepest Bavaria.

797
00:44:50,800 --> 00:44:54,440
They might not strike you as the
usual type of admirer of Churchill,

798
00:44:54,600 --> 00:44:58,320
but they've immortalised one of his
speeches in the way they know best.

799
00:44:58,480 --> 00:45:02,720
Their song 12 Stars And
An Azure Gown, an anthem for Europa,

800
00:45:02,880 --> 00:45:06,760
features recordings of Churchill's
1946 Zurich speech

801
00:45:06,920 --> 00:45:09,960
on the future of Europe, and his hope
to unite countries

802
00:45:10,080 --> 00:45:11,760
in their common inheritance.

803
00:45:15,440 --> 00:45:18,640
I've come to their rehearsal studio
to find out more.

804
00:45:27,000 --> 00:45:28,960
There's gonna be another...

805
00:45:30,160 --> 00:45:32,440
Yeah, great.

806
00:45:35,160 --> 00:45:38,200
That was great. Thank you. Fabulous.

807
00:45:38,360 --> 00:45:41,240
Hi, I'm Hugh, by the way. I'm Marcus.
Nice to meet you.

808
00:45:41,400 --> 00:45:43,880
Hello. Hi, I'm Hugh. Mario. How are
you?

809
00:45:44,040 --> 00:45:46,400
Hiya. I'm the only one not wearing
black.

810
00:45:46,560 --> 00:45:49,600
I'm slightly alarmed by that. Hello.
It's like a wedding.

811
00:45:49,720 --> 00:45:51,280
(ALL LAUGH)

812
00:45:53,560 --> 00:45:55,520
Have a seat. Thank you. Wow.

813
00:45:57,520 --> 00:46:01,320
So, do you always sing in English?
Yes, we do.

814
00:46:01,480 --> 00:46:03,720
You've used the speech of
Churchill's.

815
00:46:03,880 --> 00:46:06,560
Yeah, that's right. We used the
speech of Churchill

816
00:46:06,720 --> 00:46:08,720
for one of our songs on the last
album.

817
00:46:08,880 --> 00:46:12,240
And whose idea was it to sample that
speech?

818
00:46:12,400 --> 00:46:14,600
Well, the song was an idea of
Florian,

819
00:46:14,720 --> 00:46:16,680
and the lyrics are by Florian.

820
00:46:16,840 --> 00:46:19,400
I guess the idea to use the
Churchill speech

821
00:46:19,520 --> 00:46:21,360
for the song was my idea.

822
00:46:21,520 --> 00:46:24,000
What issues do you think are still
current?

823
00:46:24,160 --> 00:46:27,080
Why is this speech, sort of, relevant
still?

824
00:46:27,240 --> 00:46:30,040
First I'd say, the rise of fascism
all over Europe.

825
00:46:30,200 --> 00:46:35,120
And...secondly, the fact that most
citizens of Europe

826
00:46:35,680 --> 00:46:40,600
don't perceive Europe as a cultural
union,

827
00:46:40,880 --> 00:46:43,480
but as a political and economical
union.

828
00:46:43,640 --> 00:46:46,200
We're drifting apart rather than
coming together.

829
00:46:46,360 --> 00:46:49,600
And I think that's what also
inspired that song cos we were...

830
00:46:50,920 --> 00:46:53,080
..stating that fact that there is a
crisis

831
00:46:53,240 --> 00:46:56,200
but at the same time, in the lyrics,
there's some sort of

832
00:46:56,320 --> 00:46:57,880
expression of hope.

833
00:46:58,000 --> 00:46:59,880
And how do audiences respond to it?

834
00:47:00,040 --> 00:47:02,920
As a German band, using the words
of Winston Churchill,

835
00:47:03,080 --> 00:47:06,040
might be pretty difficult for the
crowd and for our fans.

836
00:47:06,200 --> 00:47:09,120
But actually, the people loved it
because the words fit

837
00:47:09,280 --> 00:47:12,480
just so perfectly with the whole
lyrics of the song.

838
00:47:12,640 --> 00:47:15,680
So, it went down pretty well with
the crowds.

839
00:47:15,800 --> 00:47:19,440
And actually, at our current shows,

840
00:47:19,560 --> 00:47:22,040
this is, well, the favourite song.

841
00:47:22,200 --> 00:47:24,640
I think it's a fantastic way of doing
a speech.

842
00:47:24,800 --> 00:47:29,160
Absolutely. "I wish to speak to you
today." I could do that.

843
00:47:29,360 --> 00:47:33,600
You wanna try it out in there? In
the practice room? Play with us?
Yeah.

844
00:47:33,760 --> 00:47:37,880
Thank goodness I'd had that lesson
from Robert Hardy.

845
00:47:38,000 --> 00:47:39,560
This is so me.

846
00:47:40,920 --> 00:47:42,480
We noticed that.

847
00:47:44,120 --> 00:47:45,680
OK.

848
00:47:46,600 --> 00:47:50,560
(IMITATES CHURCHILL) I wish to speak
to you today, today, today...

849
00:47:50,680 --> 00:47:53,400
..about the tragedy of Europe...

850
00:47:54,760 --> 00:47:56,720
(METAL MUSIC PLAYING)

851
00:48:11,120 --> 00:48:13,080
(MOUTHS) It's very loud.

852
00:48:26,040 --> 00:48:28,520
(INDISTINCT SINGING)

853
00:48:38,120 --> 00:48:40,360
"If Europe were once united

854
00:48:40,520 --> 00:48:43,280
in the sharing of its common
inheritance,

855
00:48:43,440 --> 00:48:45,760
there would be no limit to the
happiness,

856
00:48:45,880 --> 00:48:48,720
to the prosperity, and the glory

857
00:48:48,880 --> 00:48:53,800
which its 300 or 400 million people
would enjoy."

858
00:48:58,440 --> 00:49:00,720
That was awesome. You're hired.

859
00:49:00,840 --> 00:49:02,800
Hey, that's... That was fantastic.

860
00:49:02,960 --> 00:49:06,760
Thank you so much for letting me
do my very poor Churchill impression.

861
00:49:06,920 --> 00:49:09,880
I don't think I can hear, I won't be
able to for a while.

862
00:49:10,040 --> 00:49:13,640
Who's the one whose hand I can't
shake cos he's got a very bad cold?

863
00:49:13,760 --> 00:49:17,280
I'll just wave. Bye. Bye.

864
00:49:17,400 --> 00:49:18,960
Got something for you.

865
00:49:19,080 --> 00:49:21,720
A hearing-aid? Oh, no, it's not.

866
00:49:21,880 --> 00:49:25,280
To remind you of the German band who
used the voice of Churchill.

867
00:49:25,440 --> 00:49:28,520
Is this gonna play in your car?
That isn't, no.

868
00:49:28,680 --> 00:49:32,200
Look at that. That will, though. I'm
gonna listen to that tomorrow.

869
00:49:32,360 --> 00:49:35,320
Thank you very much.
Can you give us some play out music?

870
00:49:35,440 --> 00:49:37,400
(MUSIC PLAYS) See ya. Bye-bye.

871
00:49:44,480 --> 00:49:46,720
From Germany, I'm off to France,

872
00:49:46,880 --> 00:49:50,520
somewhere very comfortable
celebrating Churchill's legacy.

873
00:49:50,640 --> 00:49:52,600
(METAL MUSIC PLAYS)

874
00:49:54,680 --> 00:49:58,000
In 1947, the French
awarded him the Medaille Militaire.

875
00:49:58,160 --> 00:50:01,040
They have streets named after him.
And in 1998,

876
00:50:01,200 --> 00:50:04,560
a publicly-funded Churchill statue
was erected in Paris.

877
00:50:04,680 --> 00:50:07,200
(METAL MUSIC PLAYS)

878
00:50:07,360 --> 00:50:10,800
But one celebration of his name would
no doubt have been closer

879
00:50:10,920 --> 00:50:12,480
to his heart than any other.

880
00:50:12,600 --> 00:50:14,400
His own champagne.

881
00:50:15,800 --> 00:50:19,080
He apparently once said
that he'd taken more out of alcohol

882
00:50:19,240 --> 00:50:22,720
than alcohol had taken out of him.
But he had a lot of it.

883
00:50:22,880 --> 00:50:27,000
It's estimated by some that, between
1908 and 1965,

884
00:50:27,160 --> 00:50:30,240
Winston drank 42,000 bottles of
champagne.

885
00:50:30,400 --> 00:50:33,680
And he often had a pint of it with
his lunch.

886
00:50:33,840 --> 00:50:37,080
His favourite was from here
on this road,

887
00:50:37,200 --> 00:50:39,920
the Avenue de Champagne.

888
00:50:40,080 --> 00:50:43,200
And he called it the most drinkable
address in the world.

889
00:50:43,360 --> 00:50:45,600
Now, to celebrate the connection with
him,

890
00:50:45,760 --> 00:50:49,440
it's official address is the
Rue de Winston Churchill.

891
00:50:49,560 --> 00:50:52,360
And it's the home of Pol Roger.

892
00:50:52,520 --> 00:50:54,640
Christian Pol-Roger has agreed to
meet me

893
00:50:54,800 --> 00:50:57,600
and tell me more about the famous
connection.

894
00:50:57,720 --> 00:51:00,200
Hello. Hello. Welcome here.

895
00:51:00,360 --> 00:51:05,280
I'm Hugh. Lovely. Christian.
Christian. You already know.

896
00:51:06,040 --> 00:51:10,680
It is still in the family, the
business? Yes, it's one of the very
few family companies

897
00:51:10,840 --> 00:51:14,840
still run and managed
by direct descendant of the founder.

898
00:51:15,000 --> 00:51:18,160
And we're very proud of that, and
give us a total freedom

899
00:51:18,320 --> 00:51:20,840
to operate the way we want and to
maintain

900
00:51:21,000 --> 00:51:24,040
that famous quality without which we
wouldn't be existing.

901
00:51:24,200 --> 00:51:27,560
And your famous quality, of course,
made you Winston Churchill's

902
00:51:27,680 --> 00:51:29,240
favourite champagne.

903
00:51:29,440 --> 00:51:33,840
Yes. He said, "A neat champagne to
tease my brain when I have to write
my speeches".

904
00:51:34,000 --> 00:51:37,800
And his favourite vintage has been
'28

905
00:51:37,960 --> 00:51:40,920
which has been then followed by '34
and '37,

906
00:51:41,080 --> 00:51:45,360
but we had this, you know, little
problems, after '37.

907
00:51:45,520 --> 00:51:50,440
And, the situation improved after
'40 or '44, thanks to Mr Churchill.

908
00:51:51,320 --> 00:51:55,880
And here we've got a fantastic
document, it's an invoice.

909
00:51:56,040 --> 00:51:59,120
Mr Churchill MP, Member of
Parliament.

910
00:51:59,280 --> 00:52:01,920
I wanted to tell you something about
him regarding

911
00:52:02,040 --> 00:52:04,040
a question we got from a journalist.

912
00:52:04,200 --> 00:52:07,160
"Mr Churchill, do you consider
yourself as a rich man?"

913
00:52:07,320 --> 00:52:11,600
He said, "No, no. But never known a
day when I could not afford

914
00:52:11,720 --> 00:52:13,640
buying a case of Pol Roger,

915
00:52:13,800 --> 00:52:16,640
and offering another case to a
friend."

916
00:52:16,800 --> 00:52:19,080
And because he liked your champagne
so much,

917
00:52:19,240 --> 00:52:21,720
you've created a Winston Churchill
champagne.

918
00:52:21,880 --> 00:52:26,000
We had that feeling,
it was a way to pay him a tribute

919
00:52:26,120 --> 00:52:28,920
for what he did for France.

920
00:52:29,080 --> 00:52:32,440
And he loves the champagne so much
that we approved the family

921
00:52:32,600 --> 00:52:37,520
to the idea of creating a cuvee
that will be named after him.

922
00:52:37,800 --> 00:52:40,880
And when did you launch that?
We did that in '84.

923
00:52:41,040 --> 00:52:44,240
At the time we celebrate 40 years
anniversary from the D-Day.

924
00:52:44,400 --> 00:52:48,560
Oh, OK. And does it sell well?
Does it do well as a champagne?

925
00:52:48,680 --> 00:52:50,240
We've never got enough.

926
00:52:51,920 --> 00:52:54,280
Am I able to try some?

927
00:52:54,440 --> 00:52:58,880
Well, we'll manage. We'll organise
that. It'll be lovely.

928
00:52:59,000 --> 00:53:01,920
So, that should be 2002. Oh, yes.

929
00:53:02,040 --> 00:53:04,880
Yeah. Churchill.

930
00:53:05,040 --> 00:53:08,760
When you taste champagne, do you
taste it the same way as wine?

931
00:53:08,920 --> 00:53:12,440
You start just to try to catch
the flavours that comes out of that.

932
00:53:12,600 --> 00:53:16,480
The bubbles are playing the role of
aromatic loudspeaker.

933
00:53:16,640 --> 00:53:18,880
They express the very delicate
feelings

934
00:53:19,000 --> 00:53:21,240
that you've got in the wine.

935
00:53:21,400 --> 00:53:24,320
And you look at the colour, it
should be pale gold.

936
00:53:24,480 --> 00:53:27,200
When it's with age, it may just
be darker.

937
00:53:27,320 --> 00:53:29,120
When it's still younger than that,

938
00:53:29,280 --> 00:53:31,240
it may be slightly on the
silver side.

939
00:53:31,360 --> 00:53:33,680
But it's lovely and you assess

940
00:53:33,840 --> 00:53:37,240
those microscopic bubbles climbing
up to the surface.

941
00:53:37,360 --> 00:53:39,320
It's wonderful.

942
00:53:39,440 --> 00:53:41,960
And last but not least, you sip it.

943
00:53:48,280 --> 00:53:51,520
It's delicious. It's good.
Isn't it? Fantastically good, yeah.

944
00:53:51,680 --> 00:53:55,480
It makes me feel better. Makes me
feel a lot better. Yeah.

945
00:53:57,760 --> 00:53:59,960
Winston Churchill apparently once
said,

946
00:54:00,120 --> 00:54:03,520
"My tastes are simple.
I am satisfied with the best."

947
00:54:03,680 --> 00:54:07,360
No-one could say that he had an
abstemious lifestyle.

948
00:54:07,480 --> 00:54:09,800
He smoked, he liked to eat well,

949
00:54:09,920 --> 00:54:11,880
and he drank exceptionally well.

950
00:54:12,040 --> 00:54:15,200
In fact, he was almost the opposite
of a modern politician.

951
00:54:15,360 --> 00:54:18,280
Modern politicians of course, need to
be seen jogging

952
00:54:18,440 --> 00:54:21,320
or cycling to work, even if there's a
car behind him

953
00:54:21,440 --> 00:54:23,400
carrying their ministerial boxes.

954
00:54:23,560 --> 00:54:26,880
Given his lifestyle, it's incredible
that Winston Churchill

955
00:54:27,000 --> 00:54:29,080
achieved as much as he did.

956
00:54:29,200 --> 00:54:31,320
But with all the finery of his life,

957
00:54:31,440 --> 00:54:33,480
there came great responsibility.

958
00:54:33,640 --> 00:54:35,720
He had to make very difficult
decisions.

959
00:54:35,880 --> 00:54:38,440
Some of them, very, very tough
indeed.

960
00:54:45,200 --> 00:54:49,880
In 1940, immediately after the fall
of France, Winston Churchill

961
00:54:50,040 --> 00:54:53,280
had to make one of the most difficult
decisions of his career.

962
00:54:53,400 --> 00:54:56,200
And that was to sink the French navy

963
00:54:56,320 --> 00:54:58,680
at the port of Mers-el-Kebir,

964
00:54:58,800 --> 00:55:00,840
in what was then French Algeria,

965
00:55:00,960 --> 00:55:03,640
to stop it falling into German hands.

966
00:55:03,800 --> 00:55:06,520
It was a decision that would cost the
lives

967
00:55:06,680 --> 00:55:10,240
of 1300 French sailors who, until
that moment,

968
00:55:10,400 --> 00:55:13,760
had very firmly been on the Allied
side.

969
00:55:13,920 --> 00:55:17,760
Not surprisingly, it's a very, very
controversial decision.

970
00:55:17,880 --> 00:55:20,160
In France, it still splits opinion.

971
00:55:20,320 --> 00:55:23,160
Many regard it as completely
unforgivable.

972
00:55:23,280 --> 00:55:26,880
And in Britain too. But for some,

973
00:55:27,040 --> 00:55:30,760
it proved absolutely that Winston
Churchill had got what it takes

974
00:55:30,880 --> 00:55:34,440
to lead Britain in war-time.

975
00:55:34,600 --> 00:55:37,680
But there is no doubt that Winston
Churchill made mistakes.

976
00:55:37,840 --> 00:55:42,760
His decision to invade Gallipoli in
1915 was a disaster.

977
00:55:43,320 --> 00:55:47,520
And although we think of Dunkirk as a
kind of success,

978
00:55:47,640 --> 00:55:51,240
militarily too, that was calamitous.

979
00:55:51,360 --> 00:55:53,480
A calamitous failure, really.

980
00:55:53,640 --> 00:55:56,920
It's intriguing though, that despite
his flaws

981
00:55:57,040 --> 00:55:59,520
and his foibles and his failings,

982
00:55:59,640 --> 00:56:02,080
the legacy of Winston Churchill

983
00:56:02,200 --> 00:56:04,360
still endures today.

984
00:56:15,080 --> 00:56:17,480
On the 8th of May, 1945,

985
00:56:17,600 --> 00:56:19,760
victory in Europe was declared.

986
00:56:19,920 --> 00:56:22,920
And Winston Churchill was the man of
the hour.

987
00:56:24,720 --> 00:56:27,280
He addressed the nation in
broadcasts.

988
00:56:27,440 --> 00:56:29,560
He then addressed the
House of Commons.

989
00:56:29,680 --> 00:56:31,960
He went to a thanksgiving service,

990
00:56:32,120 --> 00:56:35,000
and then he visited the King
in Buckingham Palace.

991
00:56:37,320 --> 00:56:39,560
But his next stop was here.

992
00:56:39,720 --> 00:56:44,640
The balcony of what was then
the Ministry of Health.

993
00:56:44,920 --> 00:56:48,720
Beneath him the streets were lined
with thousands of people,

994
00:56:48,880 --> 00:56:51,880
and it was here he was to address
them, minus, I hope,

995
00:56:52,000 --> 00:56:54,960
this very attractive pigeon fencing.

996
00:56:56,240 --> 00:56:59,320
The crowd were desperate to hear the
words of their beloved

997
00:56:59,480 --> 00:57:01,960
and victorious Prime Minister,
so he began.

998
00:57:03,040 --> 00:57:05,080
"God bless you all," he said.

999
00:57:05,200 --> 00:57:07,840
"This is your victory."

1000
00:57:08,000 --> 00:57:10,520
But before he could continue, they
roared back,

1001
00:57:10,640 --> 00:57:12,840
"No, it's yours."

1002
00:57:14,240 --> 00:57:17,360
This is your victory.

1003
00:57:19,000 --> 00:57:21,120
(CROWD CHEERING)

1004
00:57:21,240 --> 00:57:24,000
Victory of the cause of freedom.

1005
00:57:24,120 --> 00:57:27,080
For many, that day in May, 1945,

1006
00:57:27,200 --> 00:57:29,480
sums up Winston Churchill.

1007
00:57:29,640 --> 00:57:32,840
It was the pinnacle of his career, it
was his finest moment.

1008
00:57:32,960 --> 00:57:35,000
He was a beloved Prime Minister,

1009
00:57:35,160 --> 00:57:40,080
who through his own indomitable
spirit had become victorious in war.

1010
00:57:40,680 --> 00:57:45,600
And yet just a few weeks later, both
he and his party

1011
00:57:46,520 --> 00:57:49,000
were voted out in the
general election.

1012
00:57:50,160 --> 00:57:53,480
And it wasn't until 1951 that he came
back as Prime Minister

1013
00:57:53,640 --> 00:57:56,480
and even then it was only for
three-and-a-half years.

1014
00:57:56,640 --> 00:58:00,320
He finally retired from politics
altogether in 1964,

1015
00:58:00,480 --> 00:58:03,680
and just three months after that, he
was gone.

1016
00:58:06,800 --> 00:58:08,800
One of Winston Churchill's dying
wishes

1017
00:58:08,960 --> 00:58:11,440
was that there should be no more
statues of him.

1018
00:58:11,600 --> 00:58:14,320
He thought there were quite enough
of those already.

1019
00:58:14,480 --> 00:58:17,200
So instead, a memorial trust was
established,

1020
00:58:17,320 --> 00:58:19,760
which welcomed public donations.

1021
00:58:19,920 --> 00:58:23,800
And they reached the rather
staggering figure of £2.8 million,

1022
00:58:23,960 --> 00:58:27,320
which is the equivalent of about
£48 million today.

1023
00:58:27,480 --> 00:58:31,920
So, the purpose of the trust was to
perpetuate and honour

1024
00:58:32,080 --> 00:58:35,600
the memory of Winston Churchill by
establishing these things called

1025
00:58:35,760 --> 00:58:39,200
Churchill fellowships, which would be
available to men and women

1026
00:58:39,320 --> 00:58:40,880
who wanted to travel,

1027
00:58:41,040 --> 00:58:44,040
to gain insight and knowledge into
their chosen field.

1028
00:58:46,080 --> 00:58:49,400
Julie Stokes applied for her
fellowship in 1992.

1029
00:58:49,560 --> 00:58:52,640
She used the knowledge she'd gained
to set up the charity,

1030
00:58:52,800 --> 00:58:55,280
Winston's Wish, which offers support
to children

1031
00:58:55,440 --> 00:58:57,680
who've suffered bereavement here in
the UK.

1032
00:58:57,840 --> 00:59:00,520
This the hub. This is where we see
children

1033
00:59:00,680 --> 00:59:04,520
whose mums, dads, brothers, sisters
have died or are seriously ill.

1034
00:59:04,680 --> 00:59:07,200
We have a helpline here, the team go
out,

1035
00:59:07,360 --> 00:59:09,880
they meet children, sometimes
children come in.

1036
00:59:10,040 --> 00:59:12,800
So, this is your idea, this is your
legacy.

1037
00:59:12,960 --> 00:59:16,240
Well, technically I think this is
Churchill's legacy, actually.

1038
00:59:16,400 --> 00:59:19,640
I did the Churchill fellowship but
hugely helped by an amazing

1039
00:59:19,800 --> 00:59:23,000
bunch of people who all just came
together at the right time.

1040
00:59:23,160 --> 00:59:26,040
And how many children do you see
a year, do you think?

1041
00:59:26,200 --> 00:59:30,080
Well, I think the team now, with all
the different ways in which we work,

1042
00:59:30,240 --> 00:59:32,960
the educational agenda, the
helpline,

1043
00:59:33,080 --> 00:59:34,640
the face-to-face work,

1044
00:59:34,800 --> 00:59:37,720
we're reaching about 30,000 children
a year.

1045
00:59:39,360 --> 00:59:43,080
Julie wanted me to see some of the
work that goes on here.

1046
00:59:43,200 --> 00:59:45,480
And so she invited me to meet Jemma,

1047
00:59:45,640 --> 00:59:47,640
a senior practitioner for the
charity.

1048
00:59:47,800 --> 00:59:51,600
And Martina, a teenage girl who,
two years ago, lost her brother.

1049
00:59:51,760 --> 00:59:56,240
So, what are you doing here? We're
making a memory jar for my brother.

1050
00:59:56,400 --> 01:00:01,160
You pick a few colours and you write
down what they mean to you.

1051
01:00:01,320 --> 01:00:06,240
And then you get salt and chalk, and
you just add colour to the salt.

1052
01:00:08,640 --> 01:00:12,000
And then after you're done you just
tip everything in here.

1053
01:00:13,000 --> 01:00:15,360
So, what do these colours mean for
you?

1054
01:00:15,520 --> 01:00:20,440
Green is fun, yellow is love, pink
is support,

1055
01:00:20,720 --> 01:00:23,840
orange is my family and purple is
all the memories.

1056
01:00:25,360 --> 01:00:28,400
And green is the biggest of the
colours you've done.

1057
01:00:28,560 --> 01:00:31,680
So, you had a lot of fun with your
brother? Yeah.

1058
01:00:31,840 --> 01:00:35,320
And was he older than you or younger?
Yeah, he was older than me.

1059
01:00:35,440 --> 01:00:38,040
He'd be 18. Wow.

1060
01:00:38,200 --> 01:00:40,920
And what did you do when you had fun
with him?

1061
01:00:41,040 --> 01:00:45,000
We used to pretend-fight

1062
01:00:45,160 --> 01:00:48,720
because he wanted to become a
wrestler when he grew up.

1063
01:00:48,840 --> 01:00:51,320
So, was that fun?

1064
01:00:51,480 --> 01:00:54,880
Well, I found it fun.
Well, that's lovely.

1065
01:00:55,040 --> 01:00:59,920
So, do you think that Winston's Wish
has helped you? Yeah, they have.

1066
01:01:00,080 --> 01:01:04,760
But it's a sort of process. So how
long have you been working with them?

1067
01:01:04,880 --> 01:01:06,920
About two years now.

1068
01:01:07,080 --> 01:01:10,360
And how do you feel different now
from where you did?

1069
01:01:10,520 --> 01:01:14,480
Well, I don't cry that much to be
honest, any more.

1070
01:01:14,640 --> 01:01:18,280
And I've learned how to, like, live
with it.

1071
01:01:18,440 --> 01:01:21,520
Martina will start making her memory
jar.

1072
01:01:25,320 --> 01:01:28,640
I would've already got most of this
on the table, by the way.

1073
01:01:40,040 --> 01:01:42,440
Yeah.

1074
01:01:42,600 --> 01:01:45,280
There you go. So, where will you
keep that jar?

1075
01:01:45,440 --> 01:01:49,480
I usually keep it on my bedside
table.

1076
01:01:49,640 --> 01:01:52,360
And look at it and think about it?
Yeah.

1077
01:01:52,520 --> 01:01:56,600
Lovely to meet you and thank you very
much. Thank you very much. Thank you.

1078
01:01:56,720 --> 01:01:58,280
Bye-bye.

1079
01:02:07,760 --> 01:02:11,920
Well, I genuinely found that very
moving, listening to those stories.

1080
01:02:12,080 --> 01:02:15,880
And seeing how Winston's Wish helps
bereaved children across the UK.

1081
01:02:16,040 --> 01:02:18,840
And I think for a man who disapproved
of, you know,

1082
01:02:19,040 --> 01:02:23,240
there being more statues of himself
because he regarded them as rather
pointless,

1083
01:02:23,400 --> 01:02:27,360
this is really a legacy of which
Winston would be very proud.

1084
01:02:33,200 --> 01:02:36,960
One of the first things you notice
when you look into the life and works

1085
01:02:37,120 --> 01:02:40,080
of Winston Churchill is just the
sheer amount of stuff

1086
01:02:40,200 --> 01:02:41,760
that he got through.

1087
01:02:41,880 --> 01:02:43,640
He was Prime Minister twice.

1088
01:02:43,800 --> 01:02:47,000
He won the Nobel Prize for
literature.

1089
01:02:47,160 --> 01:02:49,640
He was Time magazine's
Man of the Year,

1090
01:02:49,800 --> 01:02:53,600
and man of the half century. He won
countless military honours.

1091
01:02:53,760 --> 01:02:57,200
He got a knighthood, the list is
absolutely endless.

1092
01:02:57,360 --> 01:03:00,360
It was a remarkable life and a
remarkable career.

1093
01:03:00,520 --> 01:03:04,480
Absolutely fantastic Prime Minister.
Brought us through some tough times.

1094
01:03:04,640 --> 01:03:07,640
Inspirational. He was Britain's
greatest war-time leader.

1095
01:03:07,760 --> 01:03:09,520
He's an inspiration to others.

1096
01:03:09,680 --> 01:03:13,400
I think we owe a huge
debt of gratitude for him.

1097
01:03:13,560 --> 01:03:16,920
Without the man, I don't feel we'd
all be stood here.

1098
01:03:17,080 --> 01:03:21,600
On his 75th birthday, Churchill said,
"I'm ready to meet my maker.

1099
01:03:21,760 --> 01:03:24,560
Whether my maker is ready for the
ordeal of meeting me

1100
01:03:24,680 --> 01:03:26,320
is another matter."

1101
01:03:26,480 --> 01:03:30,040
His maker had another 15 years to get
ready.

1102
01:03:30,160 --> 01:03:32,520
Churchill lived to be 90 years old,

1103
01:03:32,680 --> 01:03:36,560
and died exactly 70 years to the day
after his father.

1104
01:03:36,720 --> 01:03:40,400
And he's buried here in the village
of Bladon in Oxfordshire.

1105
01:03:40,560 --> 01:03:44,400
When I stood in the back garden of
our house in 1965

1106
01:03:44,560 --> 01:03:49,040
and I looked up, I had no real idea
what I was looking at.

1107
01:03:49,200 --> 01:03:51,960
I had no idea of the influence that
Winston Churchill

1108
01:03:52,120 --> 01:03:55,920
had had on this country,
or on the rest of the world.

1109
01:03:56,080 --> 01:03:58,880
And I had no idea that some 50 years
later

1110
01:03:59,040 --> 01:04:02,880
I'd get the chance to look at his
life and his legacy.

1111
01:04:03,040 --> 01:04:07,520
And to meet some remarkable people
with a unique connection to the man.

1112
01:04:07,680 --> 01:04:10,240
I've met people who've spent time
with him,

1113
01:04:10,400 --> 01:04:14,240
worked for him and who even,
effectively, became him.

1114
01:04:14,360 --> 01:04:16,640
I've met people who studied him.

1115
01:04:16,800 --> 01:04:20,560
Germans who sampled him, and those
who've been inspired by him.

1116
01:04:20,680 --> 01:04:23,400
People who dressed him,

1117
01:04:23,520 --> 01:04:25,520
provided with him with hats,

1118
01:04:25,640 --> 01:04:28,720
encapsulate his name into bubbles.

1119
01:04:28,840 --> 01:04:31,000
And used his memorial trust

1120
01:04:31,120 --> 01:04:34,560
to start a remarkable charity.

1121
01:04:34,720 --> 01:04:37,720
I don't know quite what I was
expecting to find out

1122
01:04:37,880 --> 01:04:40,960
from all those people and the stories
that they told.

1123
01:04:41,080 --> 01:04:43,240
But what struck me, really,

1124
01:04:43,360 --> 01:04:45,480
is just the range of things

1125
01:04:45,640 --> 01:04:48,880
in his life that have inspired
people.

1126
01:04:49,040 --> 01:04:52,280
And even now, this is remarkable
really,

1127
01:04:52,440 --> 01:04:56,240
50 years later people are still
leaving flowers

1128
01:04:56,360 --> 01:04:58,200
and notes on his grave.

1129
01:04:58,360 --> 01:05:02,800
This message here is from a
13-year-old child.

1130
01:05:02,960 --> 01:05:07,880
Who says, "Thank you for the freedom
that I have today."

1131
01:05:08,120 --> 01:05:10,320
Probably done it in history at
school,

1132
01:05:10,440 --> 01:05:13,200
but inspired by the man.

1133
01:05:13,320 --> 01:05:15,720
But for me, I think...

1134
01:05:15,840 --> 01:05:18,120
..what I love about him

1135
01:05:18,280 --> 01:05:22,040
is the fact that he was brilliant,
but he was so flawed.

1136
01:05:23,440 --> 01:05:25,600
Every time that he failed,

1137
01:05:25,760 --> 01:05:28,480
and he failed an enormous number of
times, in Gallipoli

1138
01:05:28,640 --> 01:05:31,040
and various decisions he made as a
politician,

1139
01:05:31,200 --> 01:05:34,240
he just dusted himself down and he
got on with it again.

1140
01:05:34,400 --> 01:05:37,160
And that's something, I think, we
could all do.

1141
01:05:37,320 --> 01:05:40,960
It's something that you could apply
to any aspect of your own life.

1142
01:05:41,120 --> 01:05:43,680
He lived by his own words
effectively.

1143
01:05:43,800 --> 01:05:46,040
"Never give in."

1144
01:05:46,200 --> 01:05:49,880
And that is why the legacy of
Winston Spencer Churchill

1145
01:05:50,000 --> 01:05:52,760
is going to last a very long time.