1 00:00:02,435 --> 00:00:05,983 Byron: Food... it's something we all need to survive. 2 00:00:06,007 --> 00:00:07,918 I'm going to put crickets on everything. 3 00:00:07,942 --> 00:00:08,919 This is so good. 4 00:00:08,943 --> 00:00:10,654 But with the population growing, 5 00:00:10,678 --> 00:00:11,888 we need to eat smarter. 6 00:00:11,912 --> 00:00:13,724 I never been to a plant library before. 7 00:00:13,748 --> 00:00:14,791 I'm Kari Byron. 8 00:00:14,815 --> 00:00:16,526 I travel around the world... 9 00:00:16,550 --> 00:00:19,796 Wow. There's a whale right there. 10 00:00:19,820 --> 00:00:22,432 ...seeking out stories of inspiring people... 11 00:00:22,456 --> 00:00:24,735 This is a bug farm in the middle of a city. 12 00:00:24,759 --> 00:00:26,036 ...who are working on solutions 13 00:00:26,060 --> 00:00:28,638 to some of the biggest challenges of our time. 14 00:00:28,662 --> 00:00:30,362 Wow, this is cool. 15 00:00:40,407 --> 00:00:43,587 There are around 8 billion people on the planet, 16 00:00:43,611 --> 00:00:44,855 and by 2050, 17 00:00:44,879 --> 00:00:47,758 that number's expected to grow by 2 billion more. 18 00:00:47,782 --> 00:00:49,793 In order to feed everyone, 19 00:00:49,817 --> 00:00:52,095 we need to change the way that we eat. 20 00:00:52,119 --> 00:00:55,298 Raising livestock can deplete natural resources, 21 00:00:55,322 --> 00:00:59,036 and growing only a few kinds of crops is weakening ecosystems. 22 00:00:59,060 --> 00:01:00,570 So my question is, 23 00:01:00,594 --> 00:01:03,607 how do we better feed our ever-growing world? 24 00:01:03,631 --> 00:01:08,979 ♪♪ 25 00:01:09,003 --> 00:01:14,418 ♪♪ 26 00:01:14,442 --> 00:01:17,587 Raising cows, chickens, and pigs generates 27 00:01:17,611 --> 00:01:19,423 about as much greenhouse gas 28 00:01:19,447 --> 00:01:21,224 as all the cars and trucks on the road. 29 00:01:21,248 --> 00:01:23,727 Companies like just are making it easier for us 30 00:01:23,751 --> 00:01:25,562 to enjoy the foods that we love 31 00:01:25,586 --> 00:01:28,087 but with less of environmental impact. 32 00:01:32,292 --> 00:01:35,272 Just is a groundbreaking high-tech food company 33 00:01:35,296 --> 00:01:38,375 that's creating animal products without the animals. 34 00:01:38,399 --> 00:01:40,110 Welcome to the just plant library. 35 00:01:40,134 --> 00:01:42,245 I've never been to a plant library before. 36 00:01:42,269 --> 00:01:44,147 Right now, our food system is really dependent 37 00:01:44,171 --> 00:01:48,051 on just a handful of plants to feed animals, to feed people. 38 00:01:48,075 --> 00:01:49,586 What are the basic plants that we're using now? 39 00:01:49,610 --> 00:01:54,925 They're mostly corn, sugar, wheat, soy. 40 00:01:54,949 --> 00:01:57,360 So you're traveling the globe to feed the world in a new way. 41 00:01:57,384 --> 00:01:58,528 Yeah, that's right. 42 00:01:58,552 --> 00:02:00,464 And we have thousands of different plant materials 43 00:02:00,488 --> 00:02:02,866 that I've sourced from all over the world, 44 00:02:02,890 --> 00:02:04,434 things like this Maya seed. 45 00:02:04,458 --> 00:02:07,671 These are harvested by the Mayan people from the forest floor, 46 00:02:07,695 --> 00:02:08,805 and they grind them up 47 00:02:08,829 --> 00:02:10,407 and they make all sorts of different things 48 00:02:10,431 --> 00:02:11,775 and it's very protein-rich. 49 00:02:11,799 --> 00:02:13,743 So we're looking at it for all sorts of different ways 50 00:02:13,767 --> 00:02:15,512 that we can use it in the food system. 51 00:02:15,536 --> 00:02:17,481 So that's just one of the plants that we use. 52 00:02:17,505 --> 00:02:19,649 What else you got? 53 00:02:19,673 --> 00:02:21,918 These are mung beans. These are the star of the show. 54 00:02:21,942 --> 00:02:23,520 These are grown all over the world. 55 00:02:23,544 --> 00:02:26,990 It's a staple of Asian cuisine, but we've actually figured out 56 00:02:27,014 --> 00:02:28,558 how to take the protein out of it. 57 00:02:28,582 --> 00:02:31,194 And when you do that, it actually scrambles like an egg. 58 00:02:31,218 --> 00:02:34,564 I can't believe this looks like scrambled eggs. 59 00:02:34,588 --> 00:02:35,699 That make scrambled eggs, 60 00:02:35,723 --> 00:02:37,901 but you have to take the green skin off. 61 00:02:37,925 --> 00:02:39,603 - Oh. - So these are also mung beans. 62 00:02:39,627 --> 00:02:41,304 They're fairly, like, light yellow. 63 00:02:41,328 --> 00:02:43,740 It makes for a really great egg-like product. 64 00:02:43,764 --> 00:02:46,276 And that's kind of the secret to this whole research program 65 00:02:46,300 --> 00:02:47,978 that we have... Taking plants like this 66 00:02:48,002 --> 00:02:49,980 and making really cool, 67 00:02:50,004 --> 00:02:52,905 much more sustainable foods that people love. 68 00:02:55,742 --> 00:02:58,755 Byron: The team at just has also figured out a way to grow meat 69 00:02:58,779 --> 00:03:00,223 without slaughtering animals. 70 00:03:00,247 --> 00:03:02,225 It starts with a blood sample. 71 00:03:02,249 --> 00:03:03,927 From a very small amount of cells, 72 00:03:03,951 --> 00:03:05,962 you have enough to start the process. 73 00:03:05,986 --> 00:03:09,900 How do you take the cells from collection and then grow it? 74 00:03:09,924 --> 00:03:13,603 We feed the cells with a solution of nutrients 75 00:03:13,627 --> 00:03:17,140 that contains proteins, sugars, vitamins, 76 00:03:17,164 --> 00:03:19,676 pretty much everything the cells need to survive 77 00:03:19,700 --> 00:03:21,044 and that makes them multiply. 78 00:03:21,068 --> 00:03:23,580 Yes, we also have to provide the environments, 79 00:03:23,604 --> 00:03:25,682 the temperature, the agitation. 80 00:03:25,706 --> 00:03:28,118 So to grow the meat from the cells, 81 00:03:28,142 --> 00:03:30,187 you feed the cells, it grows into the meat 82 00:03:30,211 --> 00:03:32,722 by keeping it just like an animal's temperature 83 00:03:32,746 --> 00:03:34,224 and movement. Exactly. 84 00:03:34,248 --> 00:03:37,861 And then is that what's in here? - Yes. 85 00:03:37,885 --> 00:03:42,299 It's kind of hard to imagine that meat is coming from this... 86 00:03:42,323 --> 00:03:44,000 What looks like pink water. - Yes. 87 00:03:44,024 --> 00:03:47,304 People expect to see meat growing in a petri dish. 88 00:03:47,328 --> 00:03:48,505 Yeah, like a chunk of meat 89 00:03:48,529 --> 00:03:50,373 that is expanding into the size of a nugget. 90 00:03:50,397 --> 00:03:51,975 That's what I would think. 91 00:03:51,999 --> 00:03:54,911 Exactly. And a lot of that has to do with the fact 92 00:03:54,935 --> 00:03:56,713 that the cells are invisible. 93 00:03:56,737 --> 00:03:59,883 So that's why we use the microscope. 94 00:03:59,907 --> 00:04:03,620 Oh, wow. So it's almost like spider webs. 95 00:04:03,644 --> 00:04:07,991 Yes. So those webs are, essentially, the muscle fibers 96 00:04:08,015 --> 00:04:10,860 and then they'll just turn into chicken meat. 97 00:04:10,884 --> 00:04:12,796 - Exactly. - Wow. 98 00:04:12,820 --> 00:04:14,798 Theoretically, from one single animal, 99 00:04:14,822 --> 00:04:16,366 you have enough cells 100 00:04:16,390 --> 00:04:18,735 to make chicken to feed the world. 101 00:04:18,759 --> 00:04:20,737 Byron: This science is so new, 102 00:04:20,761 --> 00:04:23,673 there's only enough for me to try one piece. 103 00:04:23,697 --> 00:04:26,243 So is this the famous chicken nugget I've been hearing about? 104 00:04:26,267 --> 00:04:28,245 - Yeah. You ready to try it? - Absolutely. 105 00:04:28,269 --> 00:04:30,780 Just like we would any other chicken bite... 106 00:04:30,804 --> 00:04:32,582 Going to deep fry it, take about a minute 107 00:04:32,606 --> 00:04:34,050 to cook all the way through. - This is chicken. 108 00:04:34,074 --> 00:04:35,652 So it cooks just like chicken, right? 109 00:04:35,676 --> 00:04:36,686 That's correct. 110 00:04:36,710 --> 00:04:38,188 G.B.D... Golden brown and delicious. 111 00:04:38,212 --> 00:04:39,322 Looks like a nugget. 112 00:04:39,346 --> 00:04:40,979 That's crazy. 113 00:04:43,950 --> 00:04:46,096 [ Chuckles ] Tastes like chicken. 114 00:04:46,120 --> 00:04:48,265 Look at that. Pulls just like chicken. 115 00:04:48,289 --> 00:04:49,566 I keep thinking it's like chicken, 116 00:04:49,590 --> 00:04:51,201 but it's actually chicken. 117 00:04:51,225 --> 00:04:53,637 There's a chicken running around alive right now, 118 00:04:53,661 --> 00:04:57,173 and I'm still eating its meat. 119 00:04:57,197 --> 00:04:59,276 - Recognize these? - Yeah, I was looking 120 00:04:59,300 --> 00:05:01,678 at this downstairs with Udi. These are mung beans. 121 00:05:01,702 --> 00:05:04,180 This is what makes up our egg. 122 00:05:04,204 --> 00:05:05,649 I'm actually really excited about this 123 00:05:05,673 --> 00:05:07,284 'cause my kid won't eat eggs. 124 00:05:07,308 --> 00:05:09,219 She's a vegetarian, and I've been looking for 125 00:05:09,243 --> 00:05:10,520 a protein source. - Very cool. 126 00:05:10,544 --> 00:05:12,555 Cooks just like scrambled eggs so far. 127 00:05:12,579 --> 00:05:15,058 Kind of break it up a little bit. 128 00:05:15,082 --> 00:05:17,427 You can see the curds. They build up nicely. 129 00:05:17,451 --> 00:05:20,096 I guess the real test is, does it taste like an egg? 130 00:05:20,120 --> 00:05:25,535 ♪♪ 131 00:05:25,559 --> 00:05:26,970 That's an egg. 132 00:05:26,994 --> 00:05:28,305 That tastes like eggs. 133 00:05:28,329 --> 00:05:29,806 I'm really excited about this. 134 00:05:29,830 --> 00:05:31,641 This is mung bean? - Yeah. 135 00:05:31,665 --> 00:05:34,411 - This is wild. - We really need to find a way 136 00:05:34,435 --> 00:05:37,414 to make food more affordable for everyone, 137 00:05:37,438 --> 00:05:38,848 make it more available for everyone 138 00:05:38,872 --> 00:05:40,417 and find better ways of doing it. 139 00:05:40,441 --> 00:05:43,153 And this, I think, is by far one of the best ways to do it. 140 00:05:43,177 --> 00:05:44,621 I mean, this is definitely the future of food. 141 00:05:44,645 --> 00:05:46,756 That is crazy. - It's exciting. 142 00:05:46,780 --> 00:05:52,896 ♪♪ 143 00:05:52,920 --> 00:05:56,366 We have a line of edible-insect snacks. 144 00:05:56,390 --> 00:05:57,467 Mmm. 145 00:05:57,491 --> 00:05:59,569 How many crickets do you grow at one time? 146 00:05:59,593 --> 00:06:02,828 - We're hosting like 30,000. - That's crazy. 147 00:06:05,365 --> 00:06:11,981 ♪♪ 148 00:06:12,005 --> 00:06:13,550 With the ever-growing population, 149 00:06:13,574 --> 00:06:16,086 the world just needs to find more food options. 150 00:06:16,110 --> 00:06:19,489 Well, there's over 2,000 different kinds of bugs 151 00:06:19,513 --> 00:06:21,791 around the world that are edible. 152 00:06:21,815 --> 00:06:24,494 These tiny herds might just be the solution 153 00:06:24,518 --> 00:06:26,229 to sustainable protein. 154 00:06:26,253 --> 00:06:28,198 - Monica? - Hey. 155 00:06:28,222 --> 00:06:30,834 - Hi. - How's it going? Come on in. 156 00:06:30,858 --> 00:06:33,536 Monica Martinez is the owner of Don Bugito 157 00:06:33,560 --> 00:06:35,939 and has been experimenting with entomophagy, 158 00:06:35,963 --> 00:06:37,507 the practice of eating insects. 159 00:06:37,531 --> 00:06:40,210 We have a line of edible-insect snacks, 160 00:06:40,234 --> 00:06:42,612 and this is where we raise and breed 161 00:06:42,636 --> 00:06:44,748 and farm crickets and mealworms. 162 00:06:44,772 --> 00:06:46,549 - Crickets and mealworms. - Yes. 163 00:06:46,573 --> 00:06:48,785 This is a bug farm in the middle of a city. 164 00:06:48,809 --> 00:06:52,055 In the middle of Oakland, we have an edible-insect farm. 165 00:06:52,079 --> 00:06:54,224 What got you into farming insects? 166 00:06:54,248 --> 00:06:56,459 [ Laughs ] That's the million-dollar question. 167 00:06:56,483 --> 00:06:58,328 80% of the world eats insects. 168 00:06:58,352 --> 00:06:59,496 I grew up in Mexico. 169 00:06:59,520 --> 00:07:02,732 In Mexico, we have over 500 varieties of insects. 170 00:07:02,756 --> 00:07:04,134 So we eat insects, 171 00:07:04,158 --> 00:07:06,836 but I realized that I had to introduce Americans 172 00:07:06,860 --> 00:07:08,538 to the culture of eating insects. 173 00:07:08,562 --> 00:07:10,573 And what better way to introduce Americans 174 00:07:10,597 --> 00:07:13,810 than using my culture, which was cooking Mexican food? 175 00:07:13,834 --> 00:07:16,079 Byron: Monica raises crickets and mealworms, 176 00:07:16,103 --> 00:07:18,114 which are not actually worms at all. 177 00:07:18,138 --> 00:07:19,983 They're beetle larvae. 178 00:07:20,007 --> 00:07:22,786 Let's see. These guys, they look pretty big. 179 00:07:22,810 --> 00:07:27,624 So we just going to dump them, and then... 180 00:07:27,648 --> 00:07:29,392 Whoa? Can I touch them? 181 00:07:29,416 --> 00:07:31,194 Yeah. 182 00:07:31,218 --> 00:07:34,364 Weird. Oh, my gosh. They're so smooth. 183 00:07:34,388 --> 00:07:35,598 Yeah. 184 00:07:35,622 --> 00:07:36,900 What do you make with these? 185 00:07:36,924 --> 00:07:39,436 So these guys come to be the toffee... 186 00:07:39,460 --> 00:07:40,570 The brittle Bugitos. 187 00:07:40,594 --> 00:07:43,440 So these guys in flavor are very close to nuts. 188 00:07:43,464 --> 00:07:46,142 So they taste really good with sweet stuff. 189 00:07:46,166 --> 00:07:48,244 You can make a pecan pie with them. 190 00:07:48,268 --> 00:07:50,268 - Mmm. - Yeah. 191 00:07:54,106 --> 00:07:55,552 Ooh. 192 00:07:55,576 --> 00:07:58,221 Is this the bug mansion? - Cricket mansion. 193 00:07:58,245 --> 00:07:59,789 What's up with all the egg cartons? 194 00:07:59,813 --> 00:08:03,026 So the egg cartons act as the condominiums. 195 00:08:03,050 --> 00:08:05,562 So this is like a five-star residence... 196 00:08:05,586 --> 00:08:07,397 [ Both laugh ] 197 00:08:07,421 --> 00:08:08,731 ...for crickets. 198 00:08:08,755 --> 00:08:10,900 You can see down here. - Whoa! 199 00:08:10,924 --> 00:08:13,369 So they like to hop up and down. 200 00:08:13,393 --> 00:08:17,207 They get into the little holes, all the egg cartons. 201 00:08:17,231 --> 00:08:19,142 Oh, you see the carrots, how they're eating? 202 00:08:19,166 --> 00:08:21,010 So they are drinking water from the carrots 203 00:08:21,034 --> 00:08:23,179 and also eating the carrots. - Yeah. 204 00:08:23,203 --> 00:08:24,681 But they don't need much water. 205 00:08:24,705 --> 00:08:26,916 They're very, very resourceful. 206 00:08:26,940 --> 00:08:29,652 Byron: These crickets get a majority of their water from vegetables. 207 00:08:29,676 --> 00:08:32,555 Compare that to the nearly 2,000 gallons of water 208 00:08:32,579 --> 00:08:34,724 it takes to raise and feed a single cow. 209 00:08:34,748 --> 00:08:37,093 How many crickets do you grow at one time? 210 00:08:37,117 --> 00:08:40,096 So right here, we're hosting like 30,000. 211 00:08:40,120 --> 00:08:41,531 Isn't that crazy? - What? 212 00:08:41,555 --> 00:08:43,066 And we can feed more in here. 213 00:08:43,090 --> 00:08:47,337 How old before they are made into food? 214 00:08:47,361 --> 00:08:50,006 Five, six months you get already an adult, 215 00:08:50,030 --> 00:08:51,174 and you can harvest it. 216 00:08:51,198 --> 00:08:52,575 That's crazy. 217 00:08:52,599 --> 00:08:55,512 Also we eat the whole insect as opposed as a cow, 218 00:08:55,536 --> 00:08:57,981 we only eat 40% of a cow, 219 00:08:58,005 --> 00:08:59,916 60% of the cow gets disposed. 220 00:08:59,940 --> 00:09:01,217 - Gets wasted. - Yeah. 221 00:09:01,241 --> 00:09:03,453 With the population growing as fast as it is, 222 00:09:03,477 --> 00:09:05,455 this really is a very sustainable way 223 00:09:05,479 --> 00:09:07,457 of making protein. 224 00:09:07,481 --> 00:09:08,558 Okay, I'm dying to try this. 225 00:09:08,582 --> 00:09:10,760 So, these are like chocolate clusters. 226 00:09:10,784 --> 00:09:14,219 Inside is like one or two crickets, whole crickets. 227 00:09:16,455 --> 00:09:18,234 Mmm. It's good. 228 00:09:18,258 --> 00:09:20,203 I mean, this is only one way that you can eat them, 229 00:09:20,227 --> 00:09:23,039 but I actually cook a lot of meals with insects, 230 00:09:23,063 --> 00:09:25,174 and I would love to cook one meal for you. 231 00:09:25,198 --> 00:09:27,677 Byron: Monica cooks at a place called Kitchentown, 232 00:09:27,701 --> 00:09:29,612 a shared space where local businesses 233 00:09:29,636 --> 00:09:31,648 can work together and grow. 234 00:09:31,672 --> 00:09:34,017 We're going to make some tostadas, 235 00:09:34,041 --> 00:09:36,252 and then this is the Chile-lime crickets. 236 00:09:36,276 --> 00:09:38,354 So these guys, now, they're tangy, 237 00:09:38,378 --> 00:09:41,391 spicy, crunchy. 238 00:09:41,415 --> 00:09:42,959 That is so good. 239 00:09:42,983 --> 00:09:45,628 I want to put these on top of, like, a salad or something. 240 00:09:45,652 --> 00:09:48,398 So how much protein is in this cricket I'm eating? 241 00:09:48,422 --> 00:09:52,936 For 100 grams of beef, you get 23% to 27% protein. 242 00:09:52,960 --> 00:09:56,339 For 100 grams of crickets, you get like 37% of protein. 243 00:09:56,363 --> 00:09:57,540 So that's higher. 244 00:09:57,564 --> 00:09:59,509 - So this is a health food. - It's way healthy. 245 00:09:59,533 --> 00:10:02,178 Doesn't have cholesterol, doesn't have saturated fats. 246 00:10:02,202 --> 00:10:04,514 I mean, when you talk to people 10 years ago 247 00:10:04,538 --> 00:10:07,517 about eating insects, it was a completely weird idea 248 00:10:07,541 --> 00:10:09,752 in the United States, right, but it's catching up. 249 00:10:09,776 --> 00:10:12,155 We usually use the Sushi example. 250 00:10:12,179 --> 00:10:14,357 Like 15 years ago, Sushi, raw fish, 251 00:10:14,381 --> 00:10:16,392 it was such a weird thing for Americans... 252 00:10:16,416 --> 00:10:18,261 - And now it's everywhere. - ...And now it's everywhere. 253 00:10:18,285 --> 00:10:20,997 So does using foods that people already love and eat 254 00:10:21,021 --> 00:10:24,667 all the time make it easier to introduce bugs into a diet? 255 00:10:24,691 --> 00:10:25,969 Yes, I think so. 256 00:10:25,993 --> 00:10:29,105 Tacos, tostadas, this type of Mexican food, 257 00:10:29,129 --> 00:10:30,473 they already know it. 258 00:10:30,497 --> 00:10:33,509 Instead of putting chicken, you can use crickets. 259 00:10:33,533 --> 00:10:34,944 I eat tacos all the time, 260 00:10:34,968 --> 00:10:38,715 and I think that using something that I eat all the time anyway 261 00:10:38,739 --> 00:10:42,507 is the perfect introduction to trying something new. 262 00:10:44,543 --> 00:10:46,589 Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. - That's a good one. 263 00:10:46,613 --> 00:10:48,424 Messy but delicious. 264 00:10:48,448 --> 00:10:49,525 That is good. 265 00:10:49,549 --> 00:10:51,361 I wouldn't know that these were bugs. 266 00:10:51,385 --> 00:10:54,130 They're crunchy, they're really flavorful, 267 00:10:54,154 --> 00:10:57,433 and this guacamole is amazing. 268 00:10:57,457 --> 00:11:00,303 Before we finish, I have something else for you. 269 00:11:00,327 --> 00:11:02,005 Really? 270 00:11:02,029 --> 00:11:03,339 Please say dessert. Please say dessert. 271 00:11:03,363 --> 00:11:04,974 - Dessert. - Yes! 272 00:11:04,998 --> 00:11:10,613 ♪♪ 273 00:11:10,637 --> 00:11:15,151 Vanilla ice cream with some caramelized toffee mealworms. 274 00:11:15,175 --> 00:11:17,208 [ Gasps ] 275 00:11:20,846 --> 00:11:22,592 Mmm. 276 00:11:22,616 --> 00:11:24,627 This is incredibly delicious. 277 00:11:24,651 --> 00:11:27,030 That is really good, right? [ Chuckles ] 278 00:11:27,054 --> 00:11:29,198 I'm taking this with me. 279 00:11:29,222 --> 00:11:31,200 [ Laughs ] 280 00:11:31,224 --> 00:11:36,673 ♪♪ 281 00:11:36,697 --> 00:11:42,078 ♪♪ 282 00:11:42,102 --> 00:11:44,547 Is this my beekeeping suit right here? 283 00:11:44,571 --> 00:11:46,182 If we didn't have those beautiful bees 284 00:11:46,206 --> 00:11:50,520 to cross-pollinate squash, cucumbers, tomatoes, 285 00:11:50,544 --> 00:11:51,910 we wouldn't have those things. 286 00:11:59,585 --> 00:12:02,331 1/3 of the food that we eat every day 287 00:12:02,355 --> 00:12:05,156 relies on pollination, and mainly by bees. 288 00:12:06,992 --> 00:12:10,440 But bee populations are rapidly dying out. 289 00:12:10,464 --> 00:12:12,875 That's why the team behind Detroit hives 290 00:12:12,899 --> 00:12:15,011 are creating urban bee farms 291 00:12:15,035 --> 00:12:17,736 to help preserve their role in our delicate ecosystem. 292 00:12:21,474 --> 00:12:23,052 Hi. - Hey, how's it going? 293 00:12:23,076 --> 00:12:24,854 Come check out why Detroit is the place to be to be. 294 00:12:24,878 --> 00:12:27,590 To bee. [ Laughs ] 295 00:12:27,614 --> 00:12:29,092 Hi. Hi. Hi. Hi. 296 00:12:29,116 --> 00:12:30,827 Is this my beekeeping suit right here? 297 00:12:30,851 --> 00:12:32,028 Yep. 298 00:12:32,052 --> 00:12:34,052 I always wanted to try on one of these. 299 00:12:36,756 --> 00:12:38,768 Byron: Detroit has a lot of vacant lots, 300 00:12:38,792 --> 00:12:41,471 and while they're no longer being used by people, 301 00:12:41,495 --> 00:12:43,539 they are filled with native flowers, 302 00:12:43,563 --> 00:12:46,409 the perfect spot for honeybees to thrive. 303 00:12:46,433 --> 00:12:48,945 These vacant lots have tons of wildflowers. 304 00:12:48,969 --> 00:12:50,113 And here at Detroit hives... 305 00:12:50,137 --> 00:12:52,014 Both: We believe bees is the bee's knees. 306 00:12:52,038 --> 00:12:53,382 [ Laughter ] 307 00:12:53,406 --> 00:12:55,384 No one's spraying any chemicals in these vacant lots. 308 00:12:55,408 --> 00:12:57,587 That is actually boosting the native population. 309 00:12:57,611 --> 00:13:01,090 So I imagine not having the pesticides is really important, 310 00:13:01,114 --> 00:13:04,393 and that's why bees thrive in urban areas versus rural areas. 311 00:13:04,417 --> 00:13:06,195 - Absolutely. Absolutely. - Absolutely. Yeah. 312 00:13:06,219 --> 00:13:08,798 Byron: Wildflowers provide a source of nectar and pollen 313 00:13:08,822 --> 00:13:10,900 for bees to survive off of. 314 00:13:10,924 --> 00:13:13,302 In turn, as they move from plant to plant, 315 00:13:13,326 --> 00:13:17,140 they spread the pollen and help our crop supplies reproduce. 316 00:13:17,164 --> 00:13:19,609 Bee conservation is a really hot issue right now. 317 00:13:19,633 --> 00:13:22,411 I mean, why are saving bees important? 318 00:13:22,435 --> 00:13:24,046 So just imagine walking into a grocery store 319 00:13:24,070 --> 00:13:25,515 and not having any fresh produce. 320 00:13:25,539 --> 00:13:29,085 Squash, cucumbers, tomatoes. 321 00:13:29,109 --> 00:13:30,887 If we didn't have those beautiful bees 322 00:13:30,911 --> 00:13:33,289 to cross-pollinate, we wouldn't have those things. 323 00:13:33,313 --> 00:13:35,525 They also pollinate clover, right? 324 00:13:35,549 --> 00:13:36,792 - Yes. - Absolutely. 325 00:13:36,816 --> 00:13:38,594 So that means that it also impacts 326 00:13:38,618 --> 00:13:40,496 the dairy-and-cattle industry. 327 00:13:40,520 --> 00:13:41,664 - Definitely. - Absolutely. 328 00:13:41,688 --> 00:13:43,866 Byron: It's clear that bees play a huge part 329 00:13:43,890 --> 00:13:46,469 in keeping up with feeding the world's population. 330 00:13:46,493 --> 00:13:47,970 So Timothy and Nicole are doing 331 00:13:47,994 --> 00:13:51,040 all they can to educate their local community. 332 00:13:51,064 --> 00:13:53,042 Now, before we perform our hive inspections, 333 00:13:53,066 --> 00:13:55,178 we like to season our smoker. 334 00:13:55,202 --> 00:13:57,313 And today, we season with some cedarwood. 335 00:13:57,337 --> 00:13:59,549 We have some dry herbs and spices, but we love 336 00:13:59,573 --> 00:14:03,085 to top off our smoker with a little bit of lavender. 337 00:14:03,109 --> 00:14:04,520 Oh, I love lavender. 338 00:14:04,544 --> 00:14:06,622 Byron: Lavender helps calm the bees down, 339 00:14:06,646 --> 00:14:08,491 and by blowing smoke into the hive, 340 00:14:08,515 --> 00:14:11,327 the bees think it's on fire, so they start eating up 341 00:14:11,351 --> 00:14:13,462 all the honey, thinking they have to move. 342 00:14:13,486 --> 00:14:15,164 So they're less likely to sting us 343 00:14:15,188 --> 00:14:17,133 when their bellies are extremely full with honey. 344 00:14:17,157 --> 00:14:19,168 I'm less cranky when my belly is full, too. 345 00:14:19,192 --> 00:14:20,503 Yeah. [ Laughs ] 346 00:14:20,527 --> 00:14:21,604 So we're going to go inside 347 00:14:21,628 --> 00:14:23,773 and see what the bees are doing in here. 348 00:14:23,797 --> 00:14:27,210 I like being this close. I've always wanted to do this. 349 00:14:27,234 --> 00:14:29,378 Byron: You can tell apart the different types of bees 350 00:14:29,402 --> 00:14:30,546 by what they're doing. 351 00:14:30,570 --> 00:14:32,882 The queen bee is the largest of the bunch 352 00:14:32,906 --> 00:14:34,817 and the only one who can reproduce. 353 00:14:34,841 --> 00:14:37,119 And so she'll go out and the drones 354 00:14:37,143 --> 00:14:38,354 will actually race to get to her. 355 00:14:38,378 --> 00:14:39,822 That's why they have these large eyes, 356 00:14:39,846 --> 00:14:41,357 so she's easy to spot. 357 00:14:41,381 --> 00:14:43,626 The rest are female worker bees. 358 00:14:43,650 --> 00:14:45,161 Wow, this is cool. 359 00:14:45,185 --> 00:14:48,364 Each worker bee has a specific job from nurse bees, 360 00:14:48,388 --> 00:14:51,200 builder bees, or even undertaker bees. 361 00:14:51,224 --> 00:14:53,135 The undertaker bee is responsible for cleaning out 362 00:14:53,159 --> 00:14:54,704 all the bees inside the hive. 363 00:14:54,728 --> 00:14:55,972 - Wow. - Yeah. 364 00:14:55,996 --> 00:14:57,440 They pick them up and fly them away. 365 00:14:57,464 --> 00:14:59,308 Honeybees are so efficient 366 00:14:59,332 --> 00:15:01,611 very efficient and very organized. 367 00:15:01,635 --> 00:15:04,247 Byron: The most impressive are the forager bees 368 00:15:04,271 --> 00:15:07,550 who use the position of the sun to form a sense of direction 369 00:15:07,574 --> 00:15:08,918 so they know where they've been 370 00:15:08,942 --> 00:15:10,620 and how to get back to their hive. 371 00:15:10,644 --> 00:15:13,956 So when these foragers are going out and collecting 372 00:15:13,980 --> 00:15:16,692 all that nectar and pollen, they come back to the hive 373 00:15:16,716 --> 00:15:19,395 and tell the other worker bees, "hey, I found a good source," 374 00:15:19,419 --> 00:15:21,998 and they do this by the waggle dance. 375 00:15:22,022 --> 00:15:24,200 - What's the waggle dance? - So the waggle dance is 376 00:15:24,224 --> 00:15:27,003 when they're waggling their body. 377 00:15:27,027 --> 00:15:29,839 That's how the girls know to go out to that space 378 00:15:29,863 --> 00:15:31,073 and bring it back in. 379 00:15:31,097 --> 00:15:34,744 I had no idea how sophisticated honeybees are. 380 00:15:34,768 --> 00:15:36,145 That is so cool. 381 00:15:36,169 --> 00:15:38,581 Byron: Beyond all they do to keep crops growing, 382 00:15:38,605 --> 00:15:42,752 bees also continually provide a sustainable source of food... 383 00:15:42,776 --> 00:15:45,521 Honey. 384 00:15:45,545 --> 00:15:46,622 Ah. - Oh, yeah. 385 00:15:46,646 --> 00:15:48,624 - And it just oozes right out. - Yeah. 386 00:15:48,648 --> 00:15:50,048 Paule: Try it. 387 00:15:51,850 --> 00:15:53,963 - Mmm. - There you go. 388 00:15:53,987 --> 00:15:55,598 It's almost fruity and floral. 389 00:15:55,622 --> 00:15:57,033 - Absolutely. Absolutely. - Yeah. 390 00:15:57,057 --> 00:15:58,301 - It's good. - This is so good. 391 00:15:58,325 --> 00:15:59,902 Yeah. [ Laughs ] 392 00:15:59,926 --> 00:16:02,738 If honeybees disappeared, what would happen? 393 00:16:02,762 --> 00:16:04,106 We'd start to see high costs 394 00:16:04,130 --> 00:16:06,175 in a lot of our local groceries. 395 00:16:06,199 --> 00:16:08,210 Also, you'll start to see a lot of the vegetation 396 00:16:08,234 --> 00:16:09,645 that wouldn't be able to grow. 397 00:16:09,669 --> 00:16:12,114 Decline in the supply of food that we have. 398 00:16:12,138 --> 00:16:14,984 So how can people help conserve bees? 399 00:16:15,008 --> 00:16:16,485 Plant-pollinator habitats, 400 00:16:16,509 --> 00:16:19,210 planting native wildflowers in your region. 401 00:16:22,314 --> 00:16:25,494 Also say no to chemicals, no pesticides, no insecticides. 402 00:16:25,518 --> 00:16:27,029 Let your lawn grow naturally. 403 00:16:27,053 --> 00:16:29,865 It's okay to have some clovers, some dandelions. 404 00:16:29,889 --> 00:16:32,201 Well, I think I might have to do some beekeeping of my own. 405 00:16:32,225 --> 00:16:34,770 I'm fascinated by this process. 406 00:16:34,794 --> 00:16:40,443 ♪♪ 407 00:16:40,467 --> 00:16:42,812 So, it's all sourced locally, and you're eating locally, 408 00:16:42,836 --> 00:16:44,480 what's on your plate is representative 409 00:16:44,504 --> 00:16:46,682 of what's happening here in the ocean. 410 00:16:46,706 --> 00:16:49,385 - Ooh, you got a fish? - Yep. 411 00:16:49,409 --> 00:16:50,408 Oh, yeah. Oh. 412 00:16:52,444 --> 00:16:59,462 ♪♪ 413 00:16:59,486 --> 00:17:02,999 I love seafood, but overfishing the world's oceans 414 00:17:03,023 --> 00:17:06,002 has brought many species to the brink of extinction. 415 00:17:06,026 --> 00:17:08,738 Thankfully, there are dedicated fishing operations 416 00:17:08,762 --> 00:17:11,596 that are doing their part to keep our ecosystem healthy. 417 00:17:14,500 --> 00:17:15,544 Hey, guys. 418 00:17:15,568 --> 00:17:16,879 - Hey. - Hey, Kari. 419 00:17:16,903 --> 00:17:19,248 Byron: Real good fish is a community-supported fishery 420 00:17:19,272 --> 00:17:23,319 that provides fresh, local fish directly to people in the area. 421 00:17:23,343 --> 00:17:25,654 We like to say is you're eating with the ecosystem. 422 00:17:25,678 --> 00:17:27,323 What's on your plate is representative 423 00:17:27,347 --> 00:17:29,325 of what's happening here in the ocean. 424 00:17:29,349 --> 00:17:31,694 So it's all sourced locally. You're eating locally. 425 00:17:31,718 --> 00:17:34,430 Exactly. And also it's something that's seasonal. 426 00:17:34,454 --> 00:17:35,998 Why is it important to eat seasonally? 427 00:17:36,022 --> 00:17:37,767 A lot of people don't realize a lot of their seafood 428 00:17:37,791 --> 00:17:39,535 is traveling all over the world to get here. 429 00:17:39,559 --> 00:17:41,771 Even in these coastal communities in California, 430 00:17:41,795 --> 00:17:43,272 some of the seafood's caught here 431 00:17:43,296 --> 00:17:45,107 shipped on a shipping container to China, 432 00:17:45,131 --> 00:17:46,642 processed there, and then shipped back because... 433 00:17:46,666 --> 00:17:48,244 - Oh, wow. - ...The processing labor 434 00:17:48,268 --> 00:17:50,146 is so much less expensive over there. 435 00:17:50,170 --> 00:17:51,680 Byron: So eating locally and eating seasonally creates 436 00:17:51,704 --> 00:17:54,183 less of a carbon footprint. - Absolutely. 437 00:17:54,207 --> 00:17:55,451 So when do we get to go fishing hungry? 438 00:17:55,475 --> 00:17:57,987 Because all this fish talk, I'm thinking I'm hungry. 439 00:17:58,011 --> 00:17:59,822 I want a fish taco. 440 00:17:59,846 --> 00:18:00,823 Let's go. 441 00:18:00,847 --> 00:18:03,192 Monterey bay has a diverse ecosystem 442 00:18:03,216 --> 00:18:05,516 with a wide variety of sea life. 443 00:18:08,253 --> 00:18:10,533 There's a whale right there. 444 00:18:10,557 --> 00:18:12,535 Oh, wow. 445 00:18:12,559 --> 00:18:15,538 With over 500 species in the bay, 446 00:18:15,562 --> 00:18:18,307 real good fish works to broaden people's horizons 447 00:18:18,331 --> 00:18:19,909 when it comes to eating seafood. 448 00:18:19,933 --> 00:18:21,877 What kind of fish do you catch out here? 449 00:18:21,901 --> 00:18:23,779 Jenn: We're going to try to catch some Halibut today, 450 00:18:23,803 --> 00:18:25,870 some rockfish, some lingcod. 451 00:18:27,372 --> 00:18:29,118 Alan: Yes. 452 00:18:29,142 --> 00:18:33,089 The average American eats 15 pounds of seafood a year, 453 00:18:33,113 --> 00:18:35,491 but it's mostly the same four species... 454 00:18:35,515 --> 00:18:38,494 Salmon, tuna, pollock, and shrimp. 455 00:18:38,518 --> 00:18:42,465 So imagine a lot of people just only targeting those species 456 00:18:42,489 --> 00:18:45,000 and not really celebrating the rest. 457 00:18:45,024 --> 00:18:47,002 It's not sustainable. It's not regenerative. 458 00:18:47,026 --> 00:18:48,804 It's not kind of giving back. 459 00:18:48,828 --> 00:18:51,040 So if you eat just one kind of fish, 460 00:18:51,064 --> 00:18:53,375 you're going to put too much pressure on it 461 00:18:53,399 --> 00:18:54,810 and they might be driven to extinction. 462 00:18:54,834 --> 00:18:57,680 Exactly. Eating a lot of different things 463 00:18:57,704 --> 00:18:59,615 is going to kind of spread out the pressure. 464 00:18:59,639 --> 00:19:02,151 Real good fish practices hook-and-line fishing, 465 00:19:02,175 --> 00:19:04,820 but most commercial operations use nets, 466 00:19:04,844 --> 00:19:07,556 which end up trapping all kinds of things. 467 00:19:07,580 --> 00:19:09,525 This is what's called bycatch, 468 00:19:09,549 --> 00:19:11,627 and that extends to more than just fish. 469 00:19:11,651 --> 00:19:15,297 It's other species like turtles and dolphins 470 00:19:15,321 --> 00:19:16,899 and, you know, other things 471 00:19:16,923 --> 00:19:18,767 that can get in the nets, as well. 472 00:19:18,791 --> 00:19:21,070 And then what do you do with the fish that you don't want? 473 00:19:21,094 --> 00:19:23,339 I think, generally, if there's no market for it, 474 00:19:23,363 --> 00:19:26,008 then they just kick it over the side or... 475 00:19:26,032 --> 00:19:27,009 - Like trash. - Yep, 476 00:19:27,033 --> 00:19:27,910 just sort of throw it away. 477 00:19:27,934 --> 00:19:29,111 Jenn: And so many cases, 478 00:19:29,135 --> 00:19:31,881 it's really great fish still, but it's just 479 00:19:31,905 --> 00:19:33,015 it might be a species 480 00:19:33,039 --> 00:19:34,917 that people have never seen before, 481 00:19:34,941 --> 00:19:35,985 so they don't know how to cook it. 482 00:19:36,009 --> 00:19:38,554 So we'll pay the fishermen to keep it 483 00:19:38,578 --> 00:19:41,290 and we'll sell it to our members. 484 00:19:41,314 --> 00:19:43,626 You know, and I think a really important part of feeding 485 00:19:43,650 --> 00:19:47,029 a growing population is understanding that we need 486 00:19:47,053 --> 00:19:50,266 to increase the diversity of foods that we're eating. 487 00:19:50,290 --> 00:19:51,867 So it's not just about what we eat, 488 00:19:51,891 --> 00:19:54,236 it's about how we eat. - Exactly. 489 00:19:54,260 --> 00:19:56,405 Byron: We catch something? 490 00:19:56,429 --> 00:19:57,806 You've got a fish? - Yep. 491 00:19:57,830 --> 00:20:00,009 You want to reel it in? - Yeah. 492 00:20:00,033 --> 00:20:02,033 [ Jenn chuckles ] 493 00:20:04,102 --> 00:20:05,848 Oh, yeah. Oh, oh, yeah. 494 00:20:05,872 --> 00:20:08,217 - Oh, he's a little guy. - Beautiful. 495 00:20:08,241 --> 00:20:10,286 There we go. Caught a rockfish. 496 00:20:10,310 --> 00:20:13,289 - Yeah, look. - Nice job. 497 00:20:13,313 --> 00:20:14,290 Alan: Oh, nice. A little gopher rockfish. 498 00:20:14,314 --> 00:20:16,292 - We got a fish. - Yeah. 499 00:20:16,316 --> 00:20:18,594 - Yeah, we can eat that, right? - Yeah, absolutely. 500 00:20:18,618 --> 00:20:20,763 Put that on your plate for dinner tonight. 501 00:20:20,787 --> 00:20:23,332 Yes. Saw a whale. 502 00:20:23,356 --> 00:20:26,368 Caught a fish. Best day ever. 503 00:20:26,392 --> 00:20:28,426 [ Jenn laughs ] 504 00:20:32,231 --> 00:20:34,243 If we want to keep feeding the world's population, 505 00:20:34,267 --> 00:20:36,645 we have to be smart about how we do it. 506 00:20:36,669 --> 00:20:39,014 I don't think it's about producing more food. 507 00:20:39,038 --> 00:20:41,984 I really think it's about using the plants and proteins 508 00:20:42,008 --> 00:20:43,752 that we already have. 509 00:20:43,776 --> 00:20:44,920 Whether it's doing our part 510 00:20:44,944 --> 00:20:47,756 to save the bees that help pollinate our food 511 00:20:47,780 --> 00:20:51,794 or coming up with inventive dishes to satisfy our cravings, 512 00:20:51,818 --> 00:20:55,097 embracing these creative and sustainable ideas 513 00:20:55,121 --> 00:20:58,155 is certainly food for thought.