1 00:01:39,391 --> 00:01:41,559 Our Milky Way is just one 2 00:01:42,978 --> 00:01:45,646 among billions of galaxies in the universe. 3 00:01:48,108 --> 00:01:50,985 In every way, an ordinary galaxy. 4 00:02:00,454 --> 00:02:03,039 It's 100,000 light years across. 5 00:02:16,345 --> 00:02:19,555 There are hundreds of billions of stars here. 6 00:02:29,858 --> 00:02:33,152 Almost lost inside this huge swarm 7 00:02:33,195 --> 00:02:35,237 is one average sized star. 8 00:02:38,950 --> 00:02:41,118 As stars go, it's quite unremarkable. 9 00:02:43,163 --> 00:02:47,667 Nevertheless, it's the most special place 10 00:02:47,709 --> 00:02:49,210 in all the cosmos. 11 00:02:52,255 --> 00:02:56,425 Orbiting this star is the only place we know 12 00:02:57,636 --> 00:03:01,222 in all the universe to harbor life. 13 00:03:29,751 --> 00:03:33,170 Our beautiful planet is a world of water, 14 00:03:35,507 --> 00:03:38,467 sparkling blue in the light of our star. 15 00:03:43,014 --> 00:03:44,515 Two thirds of it is ocean. 16 00:03:48,854 --> 00:03:50,813 Gossamer clouds drift above it, 17 00:03:51,732 --> 00:03:53,232 driven by ocean currents. 18 00:03:56,570 --> 00:04:00,698 All of it is wrapped in a delicate cocoon of air 19 00:04:01,908 --> 00:04:05,077 that shields us from our star's radiation. 20 00:04:13,628 --> 00:04:16,589 Three brave explorers are about to leave 21 00:04:16,631 --> 00:04:18,048 the safety of Earth. 22 00:04:24,139 --> 00:04:26,807 They are an American, Terry Virts, 23 00:04:27,726 --> 00:04:29,852 a Russian, Anton Shkaplerov, 24 00:04:30,937 --> 00:04:33,272 and an Italian, Samantha Cristoforetti. 25 00:04:36,651 --> 00:04:41,614 Their mission: six months in space to study microgravity, 26 00:04:41,656 --> 00:04:44,950 do biomedical research, and observe the Earth. 27 00:04:46,286 --> 00:04:50,247 They're sealed inside this tiny metal cocoon, 28 00:04:50,290 --> 00:04:53,000 a Russian Soyuz spacecraft traveling 29 00:04:53,043 --> 00:04:56,587 at 17,500 miles an hour. 30 00:04:58,465 --> 00:04:59,673 Their destination? 31 00:05:01,134 --> 00:05:03,093 The International Space Station. 32 00:05:05,847 --> 00:05:08,724 It was built in orbit by 16 countries. 33 00:05:10,936 --> 00:05:14,021 It's a research lab, training facility, 34 00:05:14,064 --> 00:05:18,025 and observatory, all powered by the sun. 35 00:05:20,362 --> 00:05:23,948 A truly awesome example of what we can achieve 36 00:05:23,990 --> 00:05:25,366 when we work together. 37 00:05:30,664 --> 00:05:33,290 # Someone knocking at the door # 38 00:05:33,333 --> 00:05:35,417 # Somebody ringing the bell # 39 00:05:35,460 --> 00:05:38,003 # Someone's knocking at the door # 40 00:05:38,046 --> 00:05:40,714 # Somebody's ringing the bell # 41 00:05:40,757 --> 00:05:43,050 # Do me a favor # 42 00:05:43,093 --> 00:05:44,468 - There they are. - # Open the door # 43 00:05:44,511 --> 00:05:47,972 Hey hey, you're hung up in the cord. 44 00:05:48,014 --> 00:05:49,534 Already on board to welcome the new arrivals, 45 00:05:49,558 --> 00:05:53,477 Russian crew members Sasha Samokutaev 46 00:05:54,729 --> 00:05:55,729 and Yelena Serova. 47 00:05:59,150 --> 00:06:00,670 The arrival to the Space Station 48 00:06:00,694 --> 00:06:04,488 was possibly the happiest moment of my life, really. 49 00:06:05,657 --> 00:06:07,301 And then they were, Yelena, Sasha, and Butch 50 00:06:07,325 --> 00:06:12,121 welcome us on board and it was just sheer happiness. 51 00:06:12,163 --> 00:06:15,916 We hugged, really I was like a child at that point, 52 00:06:15,959 --> 00:06:18,252 I mean, it's something I had dreamed of for years, 53 00:06:18,295 --> 00:06:20,254 I'd studied the Space Station, 54 00:06:20,297 --> 00:06:23,716 I'd worked so hard to get there and finally I was there. 55 00:06:23,758 --> 00:06:25,009 Come on man. 56 00:06:25,051 --> 00:06:27,303 I heard you bagging all that. 57 00:06:27,345 --> 00:06:28,804 Hi, Mom. 58 00:06:28,847 --> 00:06:31,307 Terry is welcomed by Commander Butch Wilmore. 59 00:06:36,187 --> 00:06:37,271 Great launch. 60 00:06:39,065 --> 00:06:41,358 You know it was a pretty wild ride. 61 00:06:41,401 --> 00:06:44,153 Butch describes the crazy scene. 62 00:06:44,195 --> 00:06:45,779 As I watched Anton, I mean, 63 00:06:45,822 --> 00:06:48,198 he was thrilled and doing flips, 64 00:06:48,241 --> 00:06:51,201 and excited, floating around hitting the ceiling. 65 00:06:53,079 --> 00:06:54,914 Samantha, the look on her face, 66 00:06:54,956 --> 00:06:57,875 just absolutely thrilling, it was literally 67 00:06:57,918 --> 00:07:00,377 electric in the room, it was fabulous. 68 00:07:00,420 --> 00:07:02,129 Samantha recalls her first ever 69 00:07:02,172 --> 00:07:04,381 view from space. 70 00:07:04,424 --> 00:07:06,884 But I just couldn't resist take a peek 71 00:07:09,471 --> 00:07:13,223 and I could just see the Earth majestically 72 00:07:13,266 --> 00:07:15,559 flowing by and it was like a river. 73 00:07:18,980 --> 00:07:23,943 And you know, I don't know what happiness is, 74 00:07:25,195 --> 00:07:27,237 but I was definitely happy at that time. 75 00:07:33,453 --> 00:07:35,204 The cupola is a magical window 76 00:07:35,246 --> 00:07:40,209 unlike any other on the spectacle of our Earth 77 00:07:41,461 --> 00:07:45,547 and ourselves, past, present and future. 78 00:07:55,850 --> 00:07:58,227 What I always found especially moving 79 00:07:58,269 --> 00:08:03,148 were the passes where we would fly from the Atlantic 80 00:08:04,567 --> 00:08:06,527 and then fly over Gibraltar onto the Mediterranean 81 00:08:06,569 --> 00:08:09,321 and it was almost like I was doing this journey 82 00:08:09,364 --> 00:08:13,784 that travelers from myths and legends and the past 83 00:08:13,827 --> 00:08:17,579 had dreamt off or performed in the reverse way 84 00:08:17,622 --> 00:08:19,748 right from the Mediterranean, through Gibraltar, 85 00:08:19,791 --> 00:08:22,876 which once was considered the end of the known world. 86 00:08:24,421 --> 00:08:26,839 More than 500 years ago 87 00:08:26,881 --> 00:08:30,634 explorers rounded the stormy tip of South Africa. 88 00:08:32,012 --> 00:08:35,389 As an omen for future trade, they named it 89 00:08:35,432 --> 00:08:36,724 the Cape of Good Hope. 90 00:08:39,769 --> 00:08:43,564 At the same time, the glorious Caribbean beckoned 91 00:08:43,606 --> 00:08:46,650 with the untold riches of the new world. 92 00:08:50,655 --> 00:08:55,325 Aboriginal people came from Asia more than 30,000 years ago 93 00:08:56,494 --> 00:08:58,746 bringing their spiritual ties to this land, 94 00:09:00,123 --> 00:09:03,250 the continent we now know as Australia. 95 00:09:10,175 --> 00:09:12,593 The Maori people from Polynesia 96 00:09:12,635 --> 00:09:16,972 traveled thousands of miles in tiny canoes 97 00:09:17,015 --> 00:09:21,602 across the Pacific Ocean before they reached New Zealand. 98 00:09:26,858 --> 00:09:30,110 Home to the ancient Inca civilization 99 00:09:30,153 --> 00:09:35,115 the longest mountain range in the world, The Andes. 100 00:09:36,576 --> 00:09:39,453 They stretch 45,000 miles across some of the most 101 00:09:39,496 --> 00:09:44,458 extreme climate zones on Earth, from ice fields to deserts. 102 00:09:48,463 --> 00:09:52,883 The oldest and driest desert is the Namib in Africa. 103 00:09:58,598 --> 00:10:01,391 You can see our climates from space, 104 00:10:01,434 --> 00:10:03,936 the great lakes of North America 105 00:10:03,978 --> 00:10:06,814 lie trapped in ice and snow 106 00:10:06,856 --> 00:10:08,524 for more than a third of the year. 107 00:10:11,194 --> 00:10:14,905 You can also see evidence of Earths violent past. 108 00:10:16,533 --> 00:10:20,244 Asteroid impacts have left scars on its surface. 109 00:10:21,704 --> 00:10:25,582 This crater in Quebec is 62 miles across. 110 00:10:28,962 --> 00:10:30,379 The Earth is still active, 111 00:10:31,923 --> 00:10:33,882 volcanoes tear through its surface, 112 00:10:35,468 --> 00:10:39,888 the Kamchatka peninsular in Russia has over 100 of them. 113 00:10:43,768 --> 00:10:46,979 Now Terry Virts describes his experience. 114 00:10:47,021 --> 00:10:48,249 One of the most beautiful things 115 00:10:48,273 --> 00:10:50,858 to see from space is thunder storms at night. 116 00:10:50,900 --> 00:10:52,442 And there's certain parts of the Earth, 117 00:10:52,485 --> 00:10:56,697 Central Africa especially, but also South East Asia, 118 00:10:56,739 --> 00:10:59,616 there are just amazing amounts of thunder storms. 119 00:10:59,659 --> 00:11:02,286 You see thousands of flashes per minute. 120 00:11:03,746 --> 00:11:05,474 Unbelievable amount of power, when you think about 121 00:11:05,498 --> 00:11:07,666 a giant lightning bolt going off near your house 122 00:11:07,709 --> 00:11:09,960 and how loud it is, and how that scares you 123 00:11:10,003 --> 00:11:12,004 and the dog runs under the table, 124 00:11:12,046 --> 00:11:13,964 well when you see it from space there's so many 125 00:11:14,007 --> 00:11:16,800 of these things happening at the same time, 126 00:11:16,843 --> 00:11:19,845 it's truly amazing. 127 00:11:25,310 --> 00:11:30,230 You see power, a funnel 25 miles in diameter 128 00:11:30,273 --> 00:11:32,524 of the center of a hurricane or a typhoon 129 00:11:32,567 --> 00:11:34,026 and you go "Oh my". 130 00:11:34,068 --> 00:11:36,486 Typhoon Maysak was amazing, 131 00:11:36,529 --> 00:11:38,822 I've never seen anything like that, 132 00:11:38,865 --> 00:11:41,033 the eye was so big, so well defined. 133 00:11:41,075 --> 00:11:44,745 That you realize that that's energy 134 00:11:44,787 --> 00:11:47,331 and it power, powerful energy. 135 00:11:49,375 --> 00:11:53,170 Far above the storm, every drop of water 136 00:11:53,213 --> 00:11:55,005 is carefully rationed. 137 00:11:55,048 --> 00:11:56,358 There's no showers in space, 138 00:11:56,382 --> 00:11:59,176 so there's no, you can't just go under the water 139 00:11:59,219 --> 00:12:01,345 and let it run, it's just kind of wet towels 140 00:12:01,387 --> 00:12:04,097 and wiping down, but you can get pretty clean 141 00:12:04,140 --> 00:12:06,266 and washing your hair is not too bad. 142 00:12:08,895 --> 00:12:11,188 In principle we want to recycle all the water 143 00:12:11,231 --> 00:12:13,607 which means that the urine gets recycled, 144 00:12:13,650 --> 00:12:17,861 but also your sweat, all the humidity from the air 145 00:12:17,904 --> 00:12:20,072 which is recuperated into the system 146 00:12:20,114 --> 00:12:23,659 via the air conditioning system also gets recycled 147 00:12:23,701 --> 00:12:24,826 into portable water. 148 00:12:26,454 --> 00:12:28,705 It's not 100% efficient system, 149 00:12:28,748 --> 00:12:31,875 so we do have water bags on the space station as well. 150 00:12:33,461 --> 00:12:36,255 The Space X resupply ship called Dragon 151 00:12:36,297 --> 00:12:38,548 arrives from Florida. 152 00:12:38,591 --> 00:12:42,219 It's one of the first commercial craft to bring up supplies. 153 00:12:42,262 --> 00:12:44,680 It brings food and water and equipment, 154 00:12:44,722 --> 00:12:46,723 and without that we wouldn't be able to live 155 00:12:46,766 --> 00:12:49,226 more then a few extra months on the space station. 156 00:12:50,728 --> 00:12:53,397 But on Earth we kind of don't have any supply ships, 157 00:12:53,439 --> 00:12:54,708 it's almost like a mission to Mars 158 00:12:54,732 --> 00:12:56,400 when you're not gonna get a supply ship 159 00:12:56,442 --> 00:12:58,193 you have to pack everything with you. 160 00:13:01,572 --> 00:13:03,699 When we're all doing cargo ops together, 161 00:13:03,741 --> 00:13:06,326 I mean it is organized bedlam, literally, 162 00:13:06,369 --> 00:13:09,538 criss crossing, people flying, packages flying, 163 00:13:09,580 --> 00:13:11,623 going here and there, and you have to get them 164 00:13:11,666 --> 00:13:12,874 in the right place, 165 00:13:12,917 --> 00:13:14,626 you can't put it in the wrong spot because you'll lose it. 166 00:13:14,669 --> 00:13:16,628 You won't be able to find it because there's so much, 167 00:13:16,671 --> 00:13:18,088 literally thousands of items 168 00:13:18,131 --> 00:13:19,525 and you can't remember where you put every single 169 00:13:19,549 --> 00:13:20,757 one of them. 170 00:13:20,800 --> 00:13:21,675 That's why we have to have this database. 171 00:13:21,718 --> 00:13:23,802 We lost a 14 inch torque wrench 172 00:13:23,845 --> 00:13:25,220 and it was gone for five weeks, 173 00:13:25,263 --> 00:13:26,430 and just floated off I guess, 174 00:13:26,472 --> 00:13:27,950 and went into some little nook and cranny 175 00:13:27,974 --> 00:13:31,018 somewhere, hid itself, and it finally reappeared one day. 176 00:13:46,159 --> 00:13:47,617 I like to sleep floating. 177 00:13:47,660 --> 00:13:51,121 So I did not attach my sleeping bag to the walls at all, 178 00:13:51,164 --> 00:13:53,142 and especially at the beginning, I would just like, 179 00:13:53,166 --> 00:13:55,417 close my eyes and let myself float, 180 00:13:55,460 --> 00:13:56,626 and just fall asleep. 181 00:14:01,841 --> 00:14:03,050 Butch and Terry 182 00:14:03,092 --> 00:14:04,468 are getting ready for a space walk. 183 00:14:05,887 --> 00:14:07,471 There are a lot of complex systems 184 00:14:07,513 --> 00:14:09,806 on the outside of the station, 185 00:14:09,849 --> 00:14:12,392 and sometimes, they need fixing. 186 00:14:12,435 --> 00:14:13,787 If you wanna go outside of course 187 00:14:13,811 --> 00:14:16,021 you have to survive in outer space. 188 00:14:16,064 --> 00:14:18,607 This suit allows you to do that. 189 00:14:18,649 --> 00:14:21,193 So Butch really fills out the suit, 190 00:14:21,235 --> 00:14:23,612 but it also means when you're trying to put the suit on 191 00:14:23,654 --> 00:14:25,447 or take it off, it's quite some work. 192 00:14:28,701 --> 00:14:31,495 Getting out of the hatch is 193 00:14:31,537 --> 00:14:33,914 an entire operation in and of itself. 194 00:14:33,956 --> 00:14:35,832 We have so much equipment on us. 195 00:14:35,875 --> 00:14:38,168 Your backpack tends to bang into the hatch, 196 00:14:38,211 --> 00:14:40,295 or your helmet wants to bang into the hatch. 197 00:14:40,338 --> 00:14:44,174 You walk around by grabbing onto things with your gloves, 198 00:14:44,217 --> 00:14:47,594 almost 300 degrees on the sun side of the space station. 199 00:14:47,637 --> 00:14:49,846 You get in the shade, it's minus 275 degrees. 200 00:14:49,889 --> 00:14:51,890 You feel that inside the suit. 201 00:14:51,933 --> 00:14:55,310 My fingertips in the sunlight, 202 00:14:55,353 --> 00:14:58,647 like, I could feel them on fire almost, 203 00:14:58,689 --> 00:15:01,024 from the fatigue a little bit but also from the heat 204 00:15:01,067 --> 00:15:03,568 coming through on that sun side of the orbit. 205 00:15:03,611 --> 00:15:05,904 So you know, I'd curl my fingers at times 206 00:15:05,947 --> 00:15:07,049 and put them in the shade a little bit 207 00:15:07,073 --> 00:15:08,156 and let them cool down. 208 00:15:10,159 --> 00:15:11,595 Okay Butch, we'll take them. 209 00:15:11,619 --> 00:15:13,514 You can lose where you are on the station. 210 00:15:13,538 --> 00:15:15,747 So you're always thinking you have a safety tether 211 00:15:15,790 --> 00:15:16,998 attached to the station. 212 00:15:17,041 --> 00:15:19,126 It's on a reel, like a fishing reel type thing 213 00:15:19,168 --> 00:15:20,710 with a spring that always reels it in. 214 00:15:20,753 --> 00:15:23,296 You can be upside down, twisted, inverted, 215 00:15:23,339 --> 00:15:26,883 and completely lose your spatial awareness 216 00:15:26,926 --> 00:15:29,010 about where you are and what your attitude is, 217 00:15:29,053 --> 00:15:32,556 and you can easily get tangled up in that safety tether 218 00:15:32,598 --> 00:15:34,141 if you're not cautious. 219 00:15:35,518 --> 00:15:37,227 Every single movement you make, 220 00:15:37,270 --> 00:15:40,605 you're making an effort to think through it. 221 00:15:43,609 --> 00:15:45,318 The outside of the space station 222 00:15:45,361 --> 00:15:46,570 is not just a sidewalk. 223 00:15:46,612 --> 00:15:50,240 It's a jungle of wires and equipment 224 00:15:50,283 --> 00:15:53,076 and metal bars and tresses. 225 00:15:55,997 --> 00:15:58,081 Well, if you accidentally sliced your glove, 226 00:15:58,124 --> 00:16:00,292 or your space suit on one of those sharp edges, 227 00:16:00,334 --> 00:16:01,585 that could create a leak, 228 00:16:03,045 --> 00:16:05,255 and if that leak were big enough, you would die. 229 00:16:10,136 --> 00:16:13,472 The hardest thing during a space walk, for me, 230 00:16:13,514 --> 00:16:15,182 is getting out of the hut. 231 00:16:19,103 --> 00:16:21,563 The only way that we found to actually get 232 00:16:21,606 --> 00:16:25,275 Butch to come out of the upper torso of the hut 233 00:16:25,318 --> 00:16:28,737 was for me to basically, push and shake, and push and shake, 234 00:16:28,779 --> 00:16:32,032 until he finally was able to free himself from the suit. 235 00:16:41,292 --> 00:16:42,626 Breathe! 236 00:16:46,047 --> 00:16:47,214 Woo! 237 00:16:47,256 --> 00:16:48,256 There we go. 238 00:16:54,847 --> 00:16:56,431 Holidays in space were great, 239 00:16:56,474 --> 00:16:58,808 but to be honest, I missed home. 240 00:16:58,851 --> 00:17:01,686 Of course we didn't wanna leave Santa hanging. 241 00:17:01,729 --> 00:17:04,397 If there's somebody that you don't wanna make mad, 242 00:17:04,440 --> 00:17:05,649 it's Santa Clause, 243 00:17:05,691 --> 00:17:07,531 so we put the milk and cookies in the air lock. 244 00:17:07,568 --> 00:17:08,902 We weren't sure exactly how 245 00:17:08,945 --> 00:17:10,612 he would get in the space station, 246 00:17:10,655 --> 00:17:12,030 but we assumed the airlock would be 247 00:17:12,073 --> 00:17:13,383 kind of our equivalent of a chimney. 248 00:17:13,407 --> 00:17:15,158 So we thought that would be a good place 249 00:17:15,201 --> 00:17:16,660 to leave the milk and cookies. 250 00:17:18,454 --> 00:17:19,663 Ooh! 251 00:17:20,540 --> 00:17:21,831 Wow. 252 00:17:21,874 --> 00:17:22,832 Hey! 253 00:17:22,875 --> 00:17:23,833 Wow. 254 00:17:23,876 --> 00:17:24,918 For you. 255 00:17:24,961 --> 00:17:25,961 Nice. 256 00:17:27,213 --> 00:17:28,713 For your haircut? 257 00:17:29,674 --> 00:17:30,840 That is cool. 258 00:17:30,883 --> 00:17:32,509 I think this is a secret message 259 00:17:32,552 --> 00:17:33,969 that I need to cut my hair. 260 00:17:35,221 --> 00:17:36,323 I speak three languages. 261 00:17:36,347 --> 00:17:37,973 I speak English, Russian, and Tennessee. 262 00:17:40,851 --> 00:17:42,060 As you're learning Russian, 263 00:17:42,103 --> 00:17:43,783 they say the first 10 years is the hardest. 264 00:17:44,814 --> 00:17:45,814 That's a fact! 265 00:17:48,693 --> 00:17:50,379 And then all of a sudden, the day arrives, boom! 266 00:17:50,403 --> 00:17:52,571 And it's time to go home. 267 00:17:54,240 --> 00:17:56,908 The Soyuz spacecraft is ready to take Butch, 268 00:17:56,951 --> 00:17:58,535 Sasha, and Yelena home. 269 00:18:00,538 --> 00:18:01,723 And of course, you're looking forward, 270 00:18:01,747 --> 00:18:03,498 you're coming home, your wife, your family, 271 00:18:03,541 --> 00:18:05,333 you've been away from them for eight months. 272 00:18:05,376 --> 00:18:07,836 Derek's man to man time, make us proud. 273 00:18:07,878 --> 00:18:09,087 But of course, 274 00:18:09,130 --> 00:18:10,046 the people that you're leaving behind too, 275 00:18:10,089 --> 00:18:11,233 you spent six months with them, 276 00:18:11,257 --> 00:18:12,526 and it's a very melancholy feeling, 277 00:18:12,550 --> 00:18:15,719 because the hatch shuts, and they're gone, 278 00:18:15,761 --> 00:18:17,155 and you realize that part of your life is over, 279 00:18:17,179 --> 00:18:19,723 and you're not gonna have this same fellowship 280 00:18:19,765 --> 00:18:21,141 with those people ever again, 281 00:18:21,183 --> 00:18:23,476 and it is a sad feeling. 282 00:18:23,519 --> 00:18:24,519 See you bud. 283 00:18:33,487 --> 00:18:34,279 # Baby break a sweat # 284 00:18:34,322 --> 00:18:35,238 # Break a sweat # 285 00:18:35,281 --> 00:18:37,532 # Baby break a sweat # 286 00:18:37,575 --> 00:18:38,992 # Don't get tired yet # 287 00:18:39,035 --> 00:18:40,160 # Tired yet # 288 00:18:40,202 --> 00:18:41,703 # Don't get tired yet # 289 00:18:41,746 --> 00:18:43,599 In space, without gravity pulling you down, 290 00:18:43,623 --> 00:18:46,916 you grow, and I grew almost two inches. 291 00:18:46,959 --> 00:18:49,210 Unfortunately the minute I got back to Earth, 292 00:18:49,253 --> 00:18:50,587 I lost those. 293 00:18:50,630 --> 00:18:54,090 In zero G, without the loading of gravity, 294 00:18:54,133 --> 00:18:56,885 your bones and muscles will weaken very quickly. 295 00:18:58,804 --> 00:19:01,598 To stay in shape is extremely important 296 00:19:01,641 --> 00:19:04,100 for the crews to exercise, a lot. 297 00:19:04,143 --> 00:19:05,435 # Baby break a sweat # 298 00:19:05,478 --> 00:19:06,478 # Break a sweat # 299 00:19:06,520 --> 00:19:08,021 # Baby break a sweat # 300 00:19:08,064 --> 00:19:10,125 Well, we have two and a half hours of exercise 301 00:19:10,149 --> 00:19:13,401 scheduled every day, and that includes cardio, 302 00:19:13,444 --> 00:19:16,780 and this marvelous machine, which is called ARED, 303 00:19:16,822 --> 00:19:20,116 and you can do things like, squats and dead lifts, 304 00:19:20,159 --> 00:19:21,409 and shoulder presses. 305 00:19:24,664 --> 00:19:27,165 So this is a great example of no three being busy. 306 00:19:27,208 --> 00:19:29,626 I'm working on the bathroom, 307 00:19:29,669 --> 00:19:32,253 and there's a lot of plumbing, and valves, and systems 308 00:19:32,296 --> 00:19:33,672 that I was changing, 309 00:19:33,714 --> 00:19:35,256 all while Samantha's exercising. 310 00:19:35,299 --> 00:19:36,758 It's a busy place, 311 00:19:36,801 --> 00:19:39,511 but it's important to keep this equipment working. 312 00:19:39,553 --> 00:19:40,470 # Baby break a sweat # 313 00:19:40,513 --> 00:19:41,680 Alright, Samantha. 314 00:19:41,722 --> 00:19:43,473 I'm gonna put the final clip in here. 315 00:19:44,850 --> 00:19:46,267 I kept joking that 316 00:19:46,310 --> 00:19:47,894 he wouldn't be qualified for his flight 317 00:19:47,937 --> 00:19:50,230 unless he came with me to my hair dresser 318 00:19:50,272 --> 00:19:51,648 to learn how to cut my hair. 319 00:19:52,858 --> 00:19:53,775 Of all the things we do as astronauts, 320 00:19:53,818 --> 00:19:54,984 this scares me the most. 321 00:19:58,114 --> 00:20:00,490 For the crews that live on the station, 322 00:20:00,533 --> 00:20:02,450 one of the most important things of all 323 00:20:02,493 --> 00:20:05,203 is being able to see, from day to day 324 00:20:05,246 --> 00:20:08,665 what we here on the ground can't see so clearly. 325 00:20:10,000 --> 00:20:12,335 What is happening to our Earth, 326 00:20:12,378 --> 00:20:15,171 and how we are changing it. 327 00:20:19,301 --> 00:20:22,679 We began with a home of lush, green forests, 328 00:20:22,722 --> 00:20:24,013 animals, and plants. 329 00:20:26,934 --> 00:20:28,560 With more and more of us to feed, 330 00:20:28,602 --> 00:20:30,937 we began clearly the land for farms, 331 00:20:32,898 --> 00:20:34,816 but when you cut down the trees, 332 00:20:34,859 --> 00:20:36,443 there are other losses too. 333 00:20:38,779 --> 00:20:41,865 Great forests once covered much of the island of Madagascar. 334 00:20:45,161 --> 00:20:47,203 You can see how many of them are gone. 335 00:20:48,706 --> 00:20:50,749 Without tree roots to anchor it, 336 00:20:50,791 --> 00:20:54,586 the red soil oozes down hill, clogging the rivers, 337 00:20:54,628 --> 00:20:55,962 and vanishing into the sea. 338 00:20:59,467 --> 00:21:03,344 Unique animals, like the lemurs are losing their homes. 339 00:21:09,977 --> 00:21:13,855 The great rainforest in Brazil continues to disappear. 340 00:21:15,941 --> 00:21:19,194 It's home to nearly half the species found on Earth. 341 00:21:23,032 --> 00:21:25,116 In just four decades, 342 00:21:25,159 --> 00:21:27,952 almost half a million square miles 343 00:21:27,995 --> 00:21:30,288 have been cut down and burned. 344 00:21:36,086 --> 00:21:39,589 From space you can see huge smoke plumes 345 00:21:39,632 --> 00:21:43,009 stretching across the rainforest for hundreds of miles. 346 00:21:45,346 --> 00:21:49,933 Thousands of species up in smoke, forever lost. 347 00:21:52,144 --> 00:21:54,187 As the forests burn, 348 00:21:54,230 --> 00:21:57,190 carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gasses 349 00:21:57,233 --> 00:21:59,400 spew into our atmosphere. 350 00:22:04,365 --> 00:22:07,450 We've always taken our fresh air for granted, 351 00:22:07,493 --> 00:22:11,037 but we know now that the fossil fuels we burn 352 00:22:11,080 --> 00:22:14,290 also release clouds of pollution into the air we breathe. 353 00:22:15,668 --> 00:22:17,502 They fill the atmosphere with gasses 354 00:22:17,545 --> 00:22:19,254 that cause the climate to change. 355 00:22:21,465 --> 00:22:25,218 As a result, the Earth's temperature is rising. 356 00:22:30,307 --> 00:22:31,683 In California, 357 00:22:31,725 --> 00:22:35,979 it's affecting our most precious resource on Earth, water. 358 00:22:37,606 --> 00:22:40,692 Seeing California is beautiful from space. 359 00:22:40,734 --> 00:22:43,444 It actually looks like a giant ice cream scooper 360 00:22:43,487 --> 00:22:45,321 went right down the middle part of the state 361 00:22:45,364 --> 00:22:47,198 and scooped out the central valley, 362 00:22:47,241 --> 00:22:48,783 but it's very brown, 363 00:22:48,826 --> 00:22:51,369 and you could really tell there's a drought going on, 364 00:22:51,412 --> 00:22:53,663 and that they could probably use a lot of rain. 365 00:22:55,416 --> 00:22:57,458 In efforts to save parched crops 366 00:22:57,501 --> 00:22:59,294 we used ground water. 367 00:22:59,336 --> 00:23:02,046 So much of it in the last 75 years, 368 00:23:02,089 --> 00:23:05,925 that parts of the valley have sunk 30 feet. 369 00:23:05,968 --> 00:23:08,761 The life of ranchers and farmers 370 00:23:08,804 --> 00:23:11,723 depend on water rights, and who can take what water 371 00:23:11,765 --> 00:23:13,349 out of which river. 372 00:23:13,392 --> 00:23:16,811 Even cities like San Diego, Los Angeles, and Phoenix 373 00:23:16,854 --> 00:23:20,064 depend completely on their access to water. 374 00:23:21,400 --> 00:23:22,984 The Colorado river basin 375 00:23:23,027 --> 00:23:27,822 supplies water to 40 million of us in seven states. 376 00:23:29,992 --> 00:23:32,452 The reservoirs that make the system work 377 00:23:32,494 --> 00:23:35,288 are losing water at alarming rates. 378 00:23:37,416 --> 00:23:41,711 They need huge amounts of runoff from snow to feed them, 379 00:23:41,754 --> 00:23:44,547 and the runoff has dwindled in recent years. 380 00:23:46,258 --> 00:23:49,886 California's reservoirs could soon be dry. 381 00:23:59,521 --> 00:24:01,814 I had never seen the Himalayas at all, 382 00:24:01,857 --> 00:24:05,735 and the immense size was just, it was mind boggling. 383 00:24:05,778 --> 00:24:08,696 They just went on for hundreds and hundreds of miles. 384 00:24:13,869 --> 00:24:16,079 In the shadow of Mount Everest, 385 00:24:16,121 --> 00:24:19,332 several of the Earth's great rivers begin their journey 386 00:24:19,375 --> 00:24:21,125 across the Indian subcontinent. 387 00:24:22,544 --> 00:24:26,756 They provide water to drink, irrigation for crops, 388 00:24:26,799 --> 00:24:28,508 a place for worship, 389 00:24:28,550 --> 00:24:31,469 but now the rising temperatures 390 00:24:31,512 --> 00:24:35,598 are causing glaciers and snow, high on the plateau, to melt. 391 00:24:37,518 --> 00:24:41,729 The water supply of over 500 million people 392 00:24:41,772 --> 00:24:42,855 is now threatened. 393 00:24:46,318 --> 00:24:49,570 By the time the river has reached the Ganges Delta, 394 00:24:49,613 --> 00:24:53,116 they've become pipelines for all kinds of pollution, 395 00:24:53,158 --> 00:24:54,492 pouring into the sea, 396 00:24:59,164 --> 00:25:01,791 but problems like this can be solved, 397 00:25:01,834 --> 00:25:05,003 and when we work at it, sometimes we succeed. 398 00:25:07,006 --> 00:25:08,673 When I was a kid in the 70s, 399 00:25:08,716 --> 00:25:11,384 the Chesapeake Bay was a mess, 400 00:25:11,427 --> 00:25:13,154 and the fish, and the crabs were disappearing, 401 00:25:13,178 --> 00:25:14,554 and there was a big restriction. 402 00:25:14,596 --> 00:25:15,740 You couldn't fish for rock fish, 403 00:25:15,764 --> 00:25:17,140 and other types of fish. 404 00:25:17,182 --> 00:25:18,641 It's been cleaned up, 405 00:25:18,684 --> 00:25:21,477 and in a few decades time, it's a beautiful place now. 406 00:25:21,520 --> 00:25:22,812 It's thriving. 407 00:25:22,855 --> 00:25:25,440 That's a great success story of conservation. 408 00:25:32,614 --> 00:25:35,241 It's a giant universe out there, 409 00:25:35,284 --> 00:25:36,659 but there's nowhere like Earth. 410 00:25:36,702 --> 00:25:38,828 It's a beautiful planet. 411 00:25:38,871 --> 00:25:40,621 We have air that we can breathe, 412 00:25:40,664 --> 00:25:42,331 we have water that we can drink. 413 00:25:42,374 --> 00:25:43,833 Food is there for us. 414 00:25:45,210 --> 00:25:47,503 We have this life support system that's like, 415 00:25:47,546 --> 00:25:50,048 perfectly designed to support billions of humans 416 00:25:50,090 --> 00:25:52,133 and it's pretty amazing to see how much effort 417 00:25:52,176 --> 00:25:55,219 we had to put into designing and building the space station. 418 00:25:56,889 --> 00:25:58,931 But what if our surface water 419 00:25:58,974 --> 00:26:00,391 disappeared all together? 420 00:26:05,856 --> 00:26:09,734 This actually happened on our neighboring planet, Mars. 421 00:26:29,463 --> 00:26:32,882 Unlike Earth, Mars doesn't have a magnetic field. 422 00:26:34,051 --> 00:26:35,426 Without any protection, 423 00:26:35,469 --> 00:26:38,429 its atmosphere was ripped away from the planet 424 00:26:38,472 --> 00:26:39,514 by the solar wind. 425 00:26:44,436 --> 00:26:46,979 If you could stand on Mars today 426 00:26:47,022 --> 00:26:50,566 you would find a landscape of lifeless desolation. 427 00:26:52,319 --> 00:26:54,821 Very cold and very dry. 428 00:27:00,786 --> 00:27:04,580 But on Earth things are going in a very different direction. 429 00:27:08,127 --> 00:27:12,547 Ice and snow are melting at rates we've never seen before. 430 00:27:12,589 --> 00:27:15,216 In Greenland, time-lapse cameras 431 00:27:15,259 --> 00:27:18,094 captured a 23 square mile chunk 432 00:27:18,137 --> 00:27:22,265 of the Jakobshavn glacier breaking off. 433 00:27:28,480 --> 00:27:30,398 The Greenland ice sheet is melting. 434 00:27:33,318 --> 00:27:36,028 If the whole ice sheet were to melt 435 00:27:36,071 --> 00:27:38,823 sea levels could rise 20 feet. 436 00:27:41,410 --> 00:27:45,830 As the level rises, low lying coastal areas will submerge. 437 00:27:48,500 --> 00:27:50,710 The city of New Orleans could be gone, 438 00:27:57,843 --> 00:28:00,553 but we could change this if we step up 439 00:28:00,596 --> 00:28:02,889 to limit the greenhouse gasses we're producing. 440 00:28:05,142 --> 00:28:07,685 As human beings we need to start to consider 441 00:28:07,728 --> 00:28:10,813 ourselves more and more as crew members of this Earth, 442 00:28:10,856 --> 00:28:12,231 not passenger, you know? 443 00:28:12,274 --> 00:28:13,566 Nobody gets a free ride. 444 00:28:15,110 --> 00:28:16,319 You have a responsibility 445 00:28:16,361 --> 00:28:17,904 to take care of your fellow crew mates. 446 00:28:17,946 --> 00:28:19,655 Just like we do on the space station. 447 00:28:19,698 --> 00:28:21,324 It's more difficult to do it 448 00:28:21,366 --> 00:28:22,886 when you're talking about billions of people, 449 00:28:22,910 --> 00:28:26,370 but that's really the mindset that we have to work towards. 450 00:28:35,714 --> 00:28:37,567 A new crew has arrived at the stations. 451 00:28:37,591 --> 00:28:42,553 Two Russians, Gennady Padalka and Mikhail Kornienko, 452 00:28:43,472 --> 00:28:44,639 and an American, Scott Kelly. 453 00:28:45,849 --> 00:28:48,392 The mission for both Scott and Mikhail, 454 00:28:48,435 --> 00:28:50,353 is to spend a full year here 455 00:28:50,395 --> 00:28:52,939 so researchers can study how they're affected 456 00:28:52,981 --> 00:28:54,565 by long-term space travel. 457 00:28:56,693 --> 00:28:59,237 Scott is soon providing data for his study. 458 00:29:00,572 --> 00:29:02,698 One of the more recent discoveries 459 00:29:02,741 --> 00:29:04,700 in terms of the effects of weightlessness 460 00:29:04,743 --> 00:29:06,035 on human physiology 461 00:29:06,078 --> 00:29:09,038 is the effect that it had on our eyes. 462 00:29:09,081 --> 00:29:12,375 Several long duration crew members in the past 463 00:29:12,417 --> 00:29:16,379 have reported the worsening of their eyesight, 464 00:29:16,421 --> 00:29:17,755 while they were up in space. 465 00:29:19,800 --> 00:29:20,758 Next one. 466 00:29:20,801 --> 00:29:21,759 That was what we needed Scott. 467 00:29:21,802 --> 00:29:24,095 Let's move on to the review. 468 00:29:26,765 --> 00:29:31,727 I have an espresso, it's a space espresso machine, 469 00:29:32,604 --> 00:29:33,771 which was developed in Italy, 470 00:29:33,814 --> 00:29:35,083 and we actually, for the first time, 471 00:29:35,107 --> 00:29:37,358 could enjoy a good espresso in space. 472 00:29:38,568 --> 00:29:39,735 It's a welcomed change. 473 00:29:39,778 --> 00:29:42,029 I'm actually gonna try and drink it out of this 474 00:29:42,072 --> 00:29:43,155 zero G cup. 475 00:29:43,198 --> 00:29:44,907 Let's see what happens. 476 00:29:45,909 --> 00:29:47,243 Very much an experiment, 477 00:29:48,912 --> 00:29:52,164 but it will be a lot nicer if I get to drink my espresso 478 00:29:52,207 --> 00:29:54,417 from an actual cup, instead of from a pouch. 479 00:29:55,502 --> 00:29:56,502 Let's see. 480 00:30:12,060 --> 00:30:13,227 Wow, that was good. 481 00:30:14,521 --> 00:30:15,521 That was real good. 482 00:30:17,899 --> 00:30:19,817 Six months have passed, 483 00:30:19,860 --> 00:30:22,945 and it's time for Terry, Samantha, and Anton 484 00:30:22,988 --> 00:30:24,405 to say their goodbyes. 485 00:30:29,828 --> 00:30:31,245 It's a bittersweet departure. 486 00:30:33,582 --> 00:30:34,582 See you on Earth. 487 00:30:51,558 --> 00:30:55,227 Three new crew members have moved in. 488 00:30:55,270 --> 00:30:57,188 They've set about a special project, 489 00:30:57,230 --> 00:30:59,190 which will be very important 490 00:30:59,232 --> 00:31:01,817 when people take longer journeys to other planets. 491 00:31:03,195 --> 00:31:06,155 The best results are produced in this pink light. 492 00:31:07,491 --> 00:31:09,617 Without soil, the crew is attempting 493 00:31:09,659 --> 00:31:11,786 to grow their own crops. 494 00:31:13,372 --> 00:31:15,623 Kjell Lindgren, an American medical doctor, 495 00:31:15,665 --> 00:31:17,249 inspects the progress. 496 00:31:18,794 --> 00:31:20,419 Veggie was an amazing experiment, 497 00:31:20,462 --> 00:31:24,215 to grow this plant in space 498 00:31:24,257 --> 00:31:26,258 but we also got to eat it. 499 00:31:27,719 --> 00:31:31,222 Kjell's crewmate, Kimiya Yui, is from Japan. 500 00:31:32,682 --> 00:31:34,600 Well I know that I enjoyed the lettuce. 501 00:31:34,643 --> 00:31:37,770 I think Kimiya is not a big fan of vegetables. 502 00:31:39,022 --> 00:31:41,732 His father is actually a lettuce farmer. 503 00:31:41,775 --> 00:31:44,652 So I think he's had a lot of lettuce. 504 00:31:44,694 --> 00:31:48,197 Happily, fresh food is about to arrive, 505 00:31:48,240 --> 00:31:52,410 this time on the Japanese HTV resupply ship. 506 00:31:52,452 --> 00:31:56,414 The HTV maneuver is complete. 507 00:31:56,456 --> 00:31:59,583 It's like a golden treasure box. 508 00:31:59,626 --> 00:32:00,960 A golden treasure box? 509 00:32:03,255 --> 00:32:06,465 You'll have to share your beef teriyaki bowl with me. 510 00:32:08,009 --> 00:32:10,970 # Brother bought a coconut, he bought it for a dime # 511 00:32:11,012 --> 00:32:13,973 # His sister had another one she paid it for the lime # 512 00:32:14,015 --> 00:32:17,726 # She put the lime in the coconut, she drank 'em bot' up # 513 00:32:17,769 --> 00:32:21,564 # She put the lime in the coconut, she drank 'em bot' up # 514 00:32:21,606 --> 00:32:25,067 # She put the lime in the coconut, she drank 'em bot' up # 515 00:32:25,110 --> 00:32:27,153 # She put the lime in the coconut # 516 00:32:27,195 --> 00:32:29,029 # She called the doctor, woke him up # 517 00:32:29,072 --> 00:32:32,199 # And said doctor, ain't there nothin' I can take # 518 00:32:32,242 --> 00:32:35,870 # I said doctor, to relieve this belly ache # 519 00:32:35,912 --> 00:32:39,623 # I said doctor, ain't there nothin' I can take # 520 00:32:39,666 --> 00:32:43,002 # I said doctor, to relieve this belly ache # 521 00:32:43,044 --> 00:32:44,712 We are approaching England, 522 00:32:44,754 --> 00:32:46,672 and its great capital, London. 523 00:32:48,091 --> 00:32:51,302 Across the English Channel to right is France, 524 00:32:51,344 --> 00:32:53,596 and the Glorious city of Paris. 525 00:32:54,806 --> 00:32:56,474 Europe lies beyond. 526 00:32:57,809 --> 00:32:59,310 During the daytime, 527 00:32:59,352 --> 00:33:01,687 it's kind of hard to tell that people are on Earth. 528 00:33:01,730 --> 00:33:04,565 You don't see that much evidence of humanity. 529 00:33:10,489 --> 00:33:11,697 But at night, 530 00:33:11,740 --> 00:33:13,949 the same view tells a different story. 531 00:33:15,577 --> 00:33:18,954 It's easy to see how populated our planet really is, 532 00:33:20,332 --> 00:33:23,459 and how many of us have gathered in towns and cities. 533 00:33:24,920 --> 00:33:29,757 Now you can spot famous cities like Amsterdam, Brussels, 534 00:33:34,054 --> 00:33:36,764 the capital of Russia, Moscow, 535 00:33:41,019 --> 00:33:45,981 the vibrant cities of Japan, Osaka, Nagoya, and Tokyo, 536 00:33:49,611 --> 00:33:52,154 Beloved Rome, and Naples. 537 00:33:54,324 --> 00:33:56,534 Italy at night is very modern 538 00:33:56,576 --> 00:33:58,410 because it's incredibly bright. 539 00:33:58,453 --> 00:34:00,097 It's a densely populated country of course, 540 00:34:00,121 --> 00:34:02,248 so you really see all the cities, 541 00:34:02,290 --> 00:34:04,500 and you have this very distinct shape 542 00:34:04,543 --> 00:34:07,461 that you can very definitely see at night as well, 543 00:34:07,504 --> 00:34:08,921 of this boot, 544 00:34:08,964 --> 00:34:12,716 reaching into the darkness of the Mediterranean. 545 00:34:17,597 --> 00:34:20,391 It is just overwhelmingly beautiful. 546 00:34:21,893 --> 00:34:25,145 The undulating ribbon of light is Nile River, 547 00:34:25,188 --> 00:34:28,524 illuminated by people drawn from the desert to its water. 548 00:34:29,943 --> 00:34:32,486 Cairo gleams like a jewel in the Delta's crown. 549 00:34:33,530 --> 00:34:35,656 To the left, Israel, 550 00:34:35,699 --> 00:34:37,700 and the cities of Tel Aviv and Jerusalem. 551 00:34:39,578 --> 00:34:42,162 I think one of the most amazing sights 552 00:34:42,205 --> 00:34:43,581 I saw with my eye 553 00:34:43,623 --> 00:34:47,001 was coming across the southern United States, Florida, 554 00:34:47,043 --> 00:34:51,672 into the Caribbean sea, through the Bahamas at night, 555 00:34:51,715 --> 00:34:53,215 with a full moon, 556 00:34:53,258 --> 00:34:57,094 and you could see the aqua colors in the Bahama area, 557 00:34:57,137 --> 00:34:59,555 all the way down through Cuba, 558 00:34:59,598 --> 00:35:01,932 and then the Dominican Republic, Haiti, 559 00:35:01,975 --> 00:35:03,225 on into Puerto Rico, 560 00:35:03,268 --> 00:35:05,144 and then the Virgin Islands beyond that. 561 00:35:05,186 --> 00:35:06,604 Oh my goodness. 562 00:35:10,609 --> 00:35:12,044 Fishing boats really stand out at night, 563 00:35:12,068 --> 00:35:14,403 especially in Asia, and the Andaman Sea, 564 00:35:14,446 --> 00:35:17,323 and near Thailand, there's a bunch of green fishing boats. 565 00:35:17,365 --> 00:35:19,950 During the day you can't tell there's people in the ocean 566 00:35:19,993 --> 00:35:21,410 down there, but at night time, 567 00:35:21,453 --> 00:35:22,597 there's lots of folks fishing. 568 00:35:22,621 --> 00:35:23,787 You can see that. 569 00:35:25,874 --> 00:35:27,291 I can see where I was born, 570 00:35:27,334 --> 00:35:29,793 Murphy's Burrow looks like a little diamond below Nashville. 571 00:35:29,836 --> 00:35:33,339 North of that, Louisville, of course Indianapolis 572 00:35:33,381 --> 00:35:34,632 just beyond there. 573 00:35:34,674 --> 00:35:37,718 Pittsburgh, and then looking to the left 574 00:35:37,761 --> 00:35:38,927 you can see the great lakes, 575 00:35:38,970 --> 00:35:41,764 and of course the cities of Green Bay, Chicago, 576 00:35:41,806 --> 00:35:45,142 you can see Cleveland evident, Buffalo, 577 00:35:45,185 --> 00:35:47,061 and then further up the east coast, 578 00:35:47,103 --> 00:35:52,066 coming to Richmond, Washington, Baltimore, Philadelphia, 579 00:35:53,234 --> 00:35:55,277 New York, Long Island sticks out, 580 00:35:55,320 --> 00:35:57,613 just absolutely gorgeous. 581 00:35:57,656 --> 00:36:00,449 Boston, Cape Cod, very visible, 582 00:36:00,492 --> 00:36:01,909 just absolutely beautiful, 583 00:36:01,951 --> 00:36:03,554 and then of course the cities across the border, 584 00:36:03,578 --> 00:36:07,748 Toronto, Ottawa, Montreal, Quebec City. 585 00:36:09,709 --> 00:36:11,627 Astronauts often remark that 586 00:36:11,670 --> 00:36:14,713 you don't see any national borders from space, 587 00:36:14,756 --> 00:36:17,132 but there are exceptions. 588 00:36:17,175 --> 00:36:20,177 The strand of orange light dividing the view 589 00:36:20,220 --> 00:36:23,055 is the border separating Pakistan from India. 590 00:36:24,516 --> 00:36:26,160 I wish that there weren't issues, but there are. 591 00:36:26,184 --> 00:36:28,769 We have different ideals, and different mindsets, 592 00:36:28,812 --> 00:36:32,272 and it causes us to have the border. 593 00:36:32,315 --> 00:36:33,315 That is sad. 594 00:36:36,319 --> 00:36:38,946 The most noticeable border at night 595 00:36:38,988 --> 00:36:40,656 is between North and South Korea. 596 00:36:42,158 --> 00:36:44,201 Seoul, South Korea is one of the brightest, 597 00:36:44,244 --> 00:36:46,328 most vibrant cities on the planet. 598 00:36:46,371 --> 00:36:49,331 The whole South Korean country is lit up, 599 00:36:49,374 --> 00:36:51,834 and then there's this line in the border, 600 00:36:51,876 --> 00:36:54,002 and this complete darkness of North Korea, 601 00:36:54,045 --> 00:36:56,839 with a few little white lights where Pyongyang is, 602 00:36:56,881 --> 00:36:58,192 but there's a similar number of people 603 00:36:58,216 --> 00:36:59,675 on both sides of the border, 604 00:36:59,718 --> 00:37:01,677 and you can really see the difference 605 00:37:01,720 --> 00:37:04,221 between how people live. 606 00:37:10,270 --> 00:37:12,604 By moonlight, the Gulf of Mexico 607 00:37:12,647 --> 00:37:16,692 and the great cities of Dallas, Houston, and San Antonio. 608 00:37:17,861 --> 00:37:20,487 The landscape around them is ablaze 609 00:37:20,530 --> 00:37:24,116 with thousands of oil and gas flares. 610 00:37:24,159 --> 00:37:27,494 To meet our ever-increasing energy needs for the future, 611 00:37:27,537 --> 00:37:30,372 we'll have to develop new energy sources 612 00:37:30,415 --> 00:37:32,124 on a far larger scale, 613 00:37:33,084 --> 00:37:35,711 and one of them is our own sun. 614 00:37:39,591 --> 00:37:42,634 As the space station crosses its face, 615 00:37:42,677 --> 00:37:45,763 from 250 miles below, 616 00:37:45,805 --> 00:37:48,724 you can see the solar panels that provide its power. 617 00:37:50,101 --> 00:37:53,270 Here on Earth, we must go beyond capturing the sun's rays 618 00:37:53,313 --> 00:37:57,566 and learn how to create energy the way the sun does, 619 00:37:57,609 --> 00:37:59,234 by nuclear fusion. 620 00:38:01,154 --> 00:38:03,947 The challenge is to build a fusion reactor 621 00:38:03,990 --> 00:38:07,159 that will provide enough power for all our needs. 622 00:38:10,997 --> 00:38:14,249 If you can figure out how to reproduce this 623 00:38:14,292 --> 00:38:17,294 you can create immense amounts of power 624 00:38:17,337 --> 00:38:18,796 and leave no pollution. 625 00:38:26,971 --> 00:38:31,266 Our sun also bombards us with lethal radiation. 626 00:38:35,188 --> 00:38:39,441 Without protection, most living creatures cannot survive it, 627 00:38:41,152 --> 00:38:43,654 but our Earth has a magnetic field 628 00:38:43,696 --> 00:38:46,615 which deflects the harmful particles away from us. 629 00:38:49,619 --> 00:38:52,496 The aurora shows that shield in action. 630 00:39:20,608 --> 00:39:25,070 Because we have this magical magnetic field protecting us, 631 00:39:25,113 --> 00:39:30,033 we have our forests, oceans, animals, and people. 632 00:39:31,536 --> 00:39:34,121 It's why ours is a planet of life. 633 00:40:32,889 --> 00:40:34,890 What struck me looking at Earth from space 634 00:40:34,933 --> 00:40:39,895 is the fact that you can really perceive it visually 635 00:40:40,605 --> 00:40:42,731 as a spacecraft. 636 00:40:44,275 --> 00:40:46,401 I've heard before about you know, spaceship Earth, 637 00:40:46,444 --> 00:40:48,153 but when you are up there, 638 00:40:48,196 --> 00:40:50,405 you really cannot escape that notion. 639 00:40:50,448 --> 00:40:54,618 It's totally obvious that it is a celestial body 640 00:40:54,661 --> 00:40:57,913 that is carrying all of us, all of humanity, 641 00:40:57,956 --> 00:41:01,249 all of life on Earth on this journey through space, 642 00:41:01,292 --> 00:41:03,085 and just like the space station is, you know, 643 00:41:03,127 --> 00:41:07,089 a human made outpost there that allows us to survive 644 00:41:07,131 --> 00:41:09,383 in this hostile environment of space, 645 00:41:09,425 --> 00:41:13,303 well, you know, our Earth does the same for all of us. 646 00:41:25,650 --> 00:41:27,484 I can imagine of course a future in which 647 00:41:27,527 --> 00:41:31,530 human beings are able to travel to other star systems. 648 00:41:31,572 --> 00:41:34,449 So I really hope that at some point 649 00:41:34,492 --> 00:41:38,495 there will be a breakthrough in science and technology 650 00:41:38,538 --> 00:41:41,623 that will allow us to travel faster than light 651 00:41:41,666 --> 00:41:44,334 and actually explore different star systems. 652 00:41:48,506 --> 00:41:51,049 Don't you wonder sometimes? 653 00:41:51,092 --> 00:41:53,343 Are there planets around other stars? 654 00:41:55,763 --> 00:41:56,763 Could they have life? 655 00:41:59,642 --> 00:42:03,186 Though, we can't yet travel to the stars ourselves, 656 00:42:03,229 --> 00:42:04,354 our telescopes can. 657 00:42:05,815 --> 00:42:07,816 Astronomers have already discovered 658 00:42:07,859 --> 00:42:09,776 several thousand planets. 659 00:42:11,696 --> 00:42:15,907 We're searching around stars for the perfect conditions, 660 00:42:15,950 --> 00:42:18,577 not too hot, not too cold, 661 00:42:19,495 --> 00:42:21,705 for liquid water to exist. 662 00:42:23,750 --> 00:42:25,751 We call this the Goldilocks zone. 663 00:42:32,050 --> 00:42:36,470 We can detect a planet as it crosses in front of a star, 664 00:42:36,512 --> 00:42:37,512 blocking its light. 665 00:42:39,140 --> 00:42:44,102 This is one system we found, Kepler 186. 666 00:42:45,021 --> 00:42:46,521 It's 500 light years from Earth, 667 00:42:47,982 --> 00:42:50,734 and it contains a remarkable five Earth sized planets. 668 00:42:52,653 --> 00:42:57,574 Most important of all, the outermost planet, Kepler 186F 669 00:42:59,285 --> 00:43:02,120 is just the right distance from its star for water, 670 00:43:03,664 --> 00:43:06,041 and life to exist. 671 00:43:18,262 --> 00:43:20,263 Could this be another Earth? 672 00:43:40,868 --> 00:43:43,036 In the end, it's about two things. 673 00:43:46,290 --> 00:43:49,417 It's about this great adventure of exploring, 674 00:43:50,670 --> 00:43:53,630 and then it's about how our world works, 675 00:43:54,924 --> 00:43:57,384 and expanding the possibilities 676 00:43:57,426 --> 00:43:59,469 of what we human beings can do. 677 00:44:02,306 --> 00:44:04,724 And we can do great things together. 678 00:44:05,977 --> 00:44:08,603 If we all do our part, for our children, 679 00:44:08,646 --> 00:44:13,400 and great grandchildren, our Earth will always be 680 00:44:13,442 --> 00:44:15,569 a beautiful planet. 681 00:44:27,999 --> 00:44:31,251 # Hello world # 682 00:44:31,294 --> 00:44:34,963 # It's nice to meet you # 683 00:44:35,006 --> 00:44:39,968 # I've been waiting for this moment to come my whole life # 684 00:44:42,263 --> 00:44:45,724 # Hello world # 685 00:44:45,766 --> 00:44:49,311 # The past is over # 686 00:44:49,353 --> 00:44:52,105 # It's time for us to come together # 687 00:44:52,148 --> 00:44:56,902 # And make the future right # 688 00:44:56,944 --> 00:44:59,946 # I had an epiphany one night # 689 00:44:59,989 --> 00:45:04,868 # Looking at the endless star filled sky # 690 00:45:05,703 --> 00:45:10,081 # The world is ours # 691 00:45:12,960 --> 00:45:17,923 # The world is ours # 692 00:45:19,926 --> 00:45:21,676 # Seven billion stars # 693 00:45:21,719 --> 00:45:22,802 # We're all, we are # 694 00:45:22,845 --> 00:45:24,679 # We're all, we are # 695 00:45:24,722 --> 00:45:26,473 # We're all, we are # 696 00:45:26,515 --> 00:45:28,183 # We're all, we are # 697 00:45:28,226 --> 00:45:30,018 # We're all, we are # 698 00:45:30,061 --> 00:45:35,023 # The world is ours # 699 00:45:35,733 --> 00:45:37,859 # Hello world # 700 00:45:37,902 --> 00:45:42,072 # The sun is rising # 701 00:45:42,114 --> 00:45:44,741 # It doesn't matter who you are # 702 00:45:44,784 --> 00:45:49,537 # The sun still sets the same # 703 00:45:49,580 --> 00:45:53,208 # Hello world # 704 00:45:53,251 --> 00:45:56,628 # Undivided # 705 00:45:56,671 --> 00:45:59,047 # Don't matter if you win or lose # 706 00:45:59,090 --> 00:46:03,843 # It's how you play the game # 707 00:46:03,886 --> 00:46:08,848 # The world is ours # 708 00:46:10,935 --> 00:46:13,895 # The world is ours #