1 00:00:01,401 --> 00:00:03,370 {\an7}Narrator: THE ATLANTIC OCEAN-- 2 00:00:03,403 --> 00:00:07,774 {\an7}HOME TO A HANDFUL OF ISLANDS... SMALL AND ISOLATED. 3 00:00:10,043 --> 00:00:13,179 {\an7}MOST AREN’T EVEN VISIBLE \h\h\h\hON A WORLD MAP. 4 00:00:13,213 --> 00:00:18,385 {\an7}YET THEY’RE HOME TO SOME OF EARTH’S GREATEST TREASURES: 5 00:00:18,418 --> 00:00:20,954 {\an7}SECLUDED BEACHES... 6 00:00:20,988 --> 00:00:23,524 {\an7}PROTECTED NESTING GROUNDS... 7 00:00:23,557 --> 00:00:27,694 {\an7}AND GEOLOGICAL WONDERS. 8 00:00:27,728 --> 00:00:30,764 {\an7}\h\h\hTHIS IS A JOURNEY THROUGH THE ATLANTIC... 9 00:00:30,797 --> 00:00:35,201 {\an7}TO SOME OF THE MOST SPECTACULAR PLACES ON EARTH. 10 00:00:35,235 --> 00:00:37,637 {\an7}THEY ARE BOTH PLAYGROUNDS... 11 00:00:37,671 --> 00:00:39,573 {\an7}AND SANCTUARIES... 12 00:00:39,606 --> 00:00:41,007 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 13 00:00:41,041 --> 00:00:44,478 {\an7}PLACES WHERE SOME SPECIES \h\h\h\h\h\h\hSTRUGGLE... 14 00:00:44,511 --> 00:00:46,480 {\an7}AND OTHERS THRIVE. 15 00:00:46,513 --> 00:00:48,582 {\an7}[HONKING] 16 00:00:48,615 --> 00:00:52,486 {\an7}WE’LL TREK FROM THE ARCTIC \h\h\h\h\hTO THE ANTARCTIC 17 00:00:52,519 --> 00:00:58,025 {\an7}\h\h\hTO DISCOVER THE SECRETS OF THE WILD ATLANTIC ISLANDS. 18 00:00:58,058 --> 00:01:04,498 {\an7}[RUMBLING] 19 00:01:05,432 --> 00:01:07,100 {\an7}♪ 20 00:01:07,134 --> 00:01:10,571 {\an7}\h\hFEW PLACES ON EARTH REMAIN LARGELY UNTOUCHED 21 00:01:10,604 --> 00:01:13,607 {\an7}AND UNINHABITED BY HUMANS. 22 00:01:13,640 --> 00:01:17,210 {\an7}♪ 23 00:01:17,244 --> 00:01:20,180 {\an7}BUT SUCH SPOTS DO EXIST 24 00:01:20,213 --> 00:01:23,583 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hIN THE MIDDLE OF THE ATLANTIC OCEAN-- 25 00:01:23,617 --> 00:01:27,321 {\an7}ISLANDS THOUSANDS OF MILES \h\h\h\hFROM ANY MAINLAND. 26 00:01:30,691 --> 00:01:34,728 {\an7}TO EXPLORE EARTH AT ITS WILDEST, WE TRAVELED THE ATLANTIC 27 00:01:34,761 --> 00:01:38,198 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hTO EIGHT ISLANDS FEW PEOPLE HAVE HEARD OF, 28 00:01:38,231 --> 00:01:41,101 {\an7}MUCH LESS VISITED. 29 00:01:41,134 --> 00:01:44,304 {\an7}THEY’RE HARD TO FIND... \h\h\hHARDER TO REACH... 30 00:01:44,338 --> 00:01:48,175 {\an7}AND OFTEN DOWNRIGHT FOREBODING. 31 00:01:48,208 --> 00:01:50,277 {\an7}THESE DISTANT SPOTS ARE KEY 32 00:01:50,310 --> 00:01:54,114 {\an7}\h\h\hIN UNDERSTANDING BOTH OUR PLANET’S PAST 33 00:01:54,147 --> 00:01:56,149 {\an7}AND ITS FUTURE. 34 00:01:59,086 --> 00:02:03,624 {\an7}\h\h\h\hOUR JOURNEY BEGINS IN A NATION KNOWN FOR ICE, 35 00:02:03,657 --> 00:02:07,161 {\an7}BUT BORN FROM FIRE-- 36 00:02:07,194 --> 00:02:08,662 {\an7}ICELAND. 37 00:02:08,695 --> 00:02:11,531 {\an7}[RUMBLING] 38 00:02:11,565 --> 00:02:15,035 {\an7}THIS IS THE WORLD’S LARGEST \h\h\h\h\h\hVOLCANIC ISLAND, 39 00:02:15,068 --> 00:02:17,370 {\an7}AND ONE OF THE BEST PLACES \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hON EARTH 40 00:02:17,404 --> 00:02:20,440 {\an7}TO EXAMINE OUR GEOLOGICAL PAST. 41 00:02:20,474 --> 00:02:23,310 {\an7}[RUMBLING] 42 00:02:25,512 --> 00:02:30,484 {\an7}ITS STUNNING LANDSCAPES FORMED AROUND 20 MILLION YEARS AGO... 43 00:02:30,517 --> 00:02:35,455 {\an7}\h\h\hWHEN AN UNDERWATER VOLCANO ERUPTED AND PUSHED THIS LAND UP. 44 00:02:35,489 --> 00:02:39,360 {\an7}♪ 45 00:02:39,393 --> 00:02:42,663 {\an7}\hTODAY, ICELAND IS A PLACE OF EXTREMES, 46 00:02:42,696 --> 00:02:44,531 {\an7}FROM COOL WATERS... 47 00:02:47,100 --> 00:02:49,569 {\an7}TO GEOTHERMAL FIELDS. 48 00:02:49,603 --> 00:02:57,144 {\an7}♪ 49 00:02:57,177 --> 00:03:01,782 {\an7}THE ISLAND’S HEAT COMES \h\h\hFROM ITS LOCATION. 50 00:03:01,815 --> 00:03:05,185 {\an7}\h\h\hIT’S PART OF A HUGE UNDERWATER MOUNTAIN RANGE 51 00:03:05,218 --> 00:03:09,723 {\an7}CALLED THE MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE. 52 00:03:09,756 --> 00:03:14,961 {\an7}ICELAND IS ONE OF THE FEW PLACES WHERE THE RIDGE JUTS ABOVE WATER 53 00:03:14,995 --> 00:03:17,064 {\an7}AND THE ONLY PLACE YOU CAN SEE 54 00:03:17,097 --> 00:03:19,499 {\an7}THE TECTONIC PLATES \h\h\hAT ITS HEART. 55 00:03:21,802 --> 00:03:24,438 {\an7}\hTHE NORTH AMERICAN AND EURASIAN PLATES, 56 00:03:24,471 --> 00:03:29,276 {\an7}ON EITHER SIDE OF THIS VALLEY, \h\h\hARE MOVING APART SLOWLY, 57 00:03:29,309 --> 00:03:32,245 {\an7}AT ABOUT THE SAME RATE \h\hFINGERNAILS GROW. 58 00:03:35,215 --> 00:03:39,319 {\an7}\hBUT THAT SMALL MOVEMENT HAS MAJOR RIPPLE EFFECTS. 59 00:03:39,352 --> 00:03:42,288 {\an7}IT CREATES CRACKS \hDEEP UNDERGROUND 60 00:03:42,322 --> 00:03:46,960 {\an7}WHERE MAGMA PUSHES UP, EXPANDING THE VALLEY-- 61 00:03:46,993 --> 00:03:50,330 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hAND ICELAND-- BY ABOUT AN INCH A YEAR. 62 00:03:50,363 --> 00:03:54,567 {\an7}[RUMBLING] 63 00:03:54,601 --> 00:03:59,406 {\an7}THE PLATE MOVEMENT ALSO FUELS ICELAND’S 30 ACTIVE VOLCANOES. 64 00:04:01,208 --> 00:04:05,279 {\an7}THERE’S A VOLCANIC EVENT HERE \h\h\hABOUT EVERY FIVE YEARS. 65 00:04:05,312 --> 00:04:08,248 {\an7}[RUMBLING] 66 00:04:08,281 --> 00:04:11,518 {\an7}[BIRDS SQUAWKING] 67 00:04:11,551 --> 00:04:15,221 {\an7}\hON THE COAST, EVIDENCE OF ICELAND’S FIERY PAST 68 00:04:15,255 --> 00:04:17,491 {\an7}IS EVERYWHERE. 69 00:04:17,524 --> 00:04:21,962 {\an7}BUT HERE, VOLCANIC ROCK \hSERVES AS A SANCTUARY 70 00:04:21,995 --> 00:04:25,665 {\an7}FOR THOUSANDS OF SEABIRDS. 71 00:04:25,699 --> 00:04:30,037 {\an7}\hTHEY FLOCK TO THESE REMOTE CLIFFS FROM JUNE TO AUGUST, 72 00:04:30,070 --> 00:04:31,572 {\an7}AS THE ISLAND THAWS. 73 00:04:31,605 --> 00:04:33,707 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 74 00:04:33,740 --> 00:04:35,375 {\an7}THE BIRDS ARE PREY 75 00:04:35,408 --> 00:04:38,177 {\an7}FOR THE NATION’S ONLY \hNATIVE LAND MAMMAL-- 76 00:04:38,211 --> 00:04:41,081 {\an7}THE ARCTIC FOX. 77 00:04:41,114 --> 00:04:43,083 {\an7}THIS MOTHER AND HER CUBS 78 00:04:43,116 --> 00:04:46,987 {\an7}ARE DIRECT DESCENDANTS \h\h\hOF THE ICE AGE. 79 00:04:47,020 --> 00:04:50,624 {\an7}THE FOXES HAVE NO NATURAL \h\hPREDATORS IN ICELAND-- 80 00:04:50,657 --> 00:04:55,462 {\an7}YET THEIR NUMBERS ARE DECLINING FOR THE FIRST TIME IN 35 YEARS. 81 00:04:55,495 --> 00:05:00,500 {\an7}♪ 82 00:05:00,534 --> 00:05:02,403 {\an7}EXPERTS DON’T KNOW WHY, 83 00:05:02,435 --> 00:05:06,406 {\an7}BUT SUSPECT CLIMATE CHANGE, LACK OF PREY, AND POLLUTION 84 00:05:06,439 --> 00:05:08,574 {\an7}ARE ALL FACTORS. 85 00:05:08,608 --> 00:05:10,043 {\an7}[YIPPING] 86 00:05:10,076 --> 00:05:12,378 {\an7}THE ANIMALS’ FUTURE REMAINS UNCERTAIN... 87 00:05:12,412 --> 00:05:15,282 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hON AN ISLAND THAT’S LONG BEEN THEIR HOME. 88 00:05:15,315 --> 00:05:16,616 {\an7}[YIPPING] 89 00:05:19,219 --> 00:05:21,688 {\an7}5,000 MILES SOUTH OF ICELAND, 90 00:05:21,721 --> 00:05:25,725 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hANOTHER PART OF THE MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE SURFACES. 91 00:05:25,759 --> 00:05:29,696 {\an7}\h\h\hJUST BELOW THE EQUATOR IN THE SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN 92 00:05:29,729 --> 00:05:32,599 {\an7}IS ASCENSION ISLAND. 93 00:05:32,632 --> 00:05:36,002 {\an7}\h\h\hTHIS SPECK OF LAND IS A BRITISH TERRITORY, 94 00:05:36,036 --> 00:05:39,106 {\an7}WITH A POPULATION OF 800. 95 00:05:39,139 --> 00:05:41,742 {\an7}THERE ARE ONLY TWO WAYS \h\h\h\h\hTO GET HERE-- 96 00:05:41,775 --> 00:05:45,012 {\an7}BY BOAT OR MILITARY AIRCRAFT. 97 00:05:51,117 --> 00:05:54,687 {\an7}\h\hTHE ENTIRE LANDMASS IS THE TIP OF A VOLCANO, 98 00:05:54,721 --> 00:05:57,490 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hWHICH EMERGED ABOUT A MILLION YEARS AGO 99 00:05:57,524 --> 00:05:59,493 {\an7}IN A MASSIVE ERUPTION. 100 00:05:59,526 --> 00:06:02,129 {\an7}[ROARING] 101 00:06:02,162 --> 00:06:05,265 {\an7}♪ 102 00:06:05,298 --> 00:06:08,968 {\an7}THE RED SOIL HERE CONSISTS \h\h\h\hOF LAVA FRAGMENTS, 103 00:06:09,002 --> 00:06:14,975 {\an7}CALLED CLINKER, THAT BAKE \hIN THE SUBTROPICAL HEAT. 104 00:06:15,008 --> 00:06:20,647 {\an7}ONE EXPLORER CALLED ASCENSION "HELL WITH THE FIRES PUT OUT." 105 00:06:20,680 --> 00:06:23,216 {\an7}TODAY, THE ISLAND \hOFFERS A WINDOW 106 00:06:23,250 --> 00:06:26,053 {\an7}INTO MANKIND’S EFFECT ON NATURE. 107 00:06:26,086 --> 00:06:30,057 {\an7}♪ 108 00:06:30,090 --> 00:06:35,295 {\an7}IN 1836, A YOUNG ENGLISHMAN AND NATURALIST LANDED ON ASCENSION 109 00:06:35,328 --> 00:06:38,164 {\an7}AND NOTED ITS LACK OF TREES. 110 00:06:38,198 --> 00:06:40,600 {\an7}HIS NAME WAS CHARLES DARWIN. 111 00:06:42,535 --> 00:06:46,372 {\an7}\h\h\hAT THE TIME, ASCENSION WAS A BLEAK MILITARY OUTPOST 112 00:06:46,406 --> 00:06:48,408 {\an7}FOR THE BRITISH NAVY. 113 00:06:48,441 --> 00:06:52,645 {\an7}IT WAS ALSO A QUARANTINE SPOT \h\hFOR SAILORS WITH DISEASES 114 00:06:52,679 --> 00:06:55,682 {\an7}LIKE DYSENTERY AND YELLOW FEVER. 115 00:06:57,817 --> 00:07:01,054 {\an7}THERE WAS NO FRESH WATER. 116 00:07:01,087 --> 00:07:06,459 {\an7}BUT WHERE SOME SAW DESOLATION, \h\h\hDARWIN SAW POSSIBILITY. 117 00:07:06,493 --> 00:07:10,163 {\an7}[WIND WHISTLING] 118 00:07:10,196 --> 00:07:13,966 {\an7}\h\h\hDARWIN AND HIS FRIEND, THE BOTANIST JOSEPH HOOKER, 119 00:07:14,000 --> 00:07:18,605 {\an7}TEAMED UP TO SOLVE ASCENSION’S \h\hWATER PROBLEM FOR ENGLAND. 120 00:07:18,638 --> 00:07:23,042 {\an7}THEY ADVISED THE NAVY TO CREATE AN ARTIFICIAL CLOUD FOREST-- 121 00:07:23,076 --> 00:07:27,247 {\an7}A FOREST THAT TRAPS SEA MIST \h\h\h\hAND PROVIDES WATER. 122 00:07:27,280 --> 00:07:32,318 {\an7}[WIND WHISTLING] 123 00:07:32,352 --> 00:07:39,693 {\an7}IN 1857, SAILORS BEGAN PLANTING AN ODD ASSORTMENT OF TREES-- 124 00:07:39,726 --> 00:07:43,129 {\an7}FROM BAMBOO TO BANANA TREES-- 125 00:07:43,163 --> 00:07:45,966 {\an7}ON ASCENSION’S HIGHEST POINT. 126 00:07:45,999 --> 00:07:51,037 {\an7}THEY OPTIMISTICALLY NAMED IT \h\h\h\h\h\hGREEN MOUNTAIN. 127 00:07:51,071 --> 00:07:54,675 {\an7}AMAZINGLY, THE PLAN WORKED. 128 00:07:54,708 --> 00:07:56,610 {\an7}LEAVES TRAPPED MOISTURE... 129 00:07:56,643 --> 00:08:00,780 {\an7}\h\h\h\hWHICH DRIPPED DOWN AND PROVIDED FRESH WATER. 130 00:08:00,814 --> 00:08:04,451 {\an7}\h\h\hTHE FOREST ALLOWED BRITISH AND AMERICAN TROOPS TO LIVE HERE 131 00:08:04,484 --> 00:08:08,421 {\an7}DURING BOTH WORLD WARS. 132 00:08:08,455 --> 00:08:13,360 {\an7}BUT ON ASCENSION, THE SOLDIERS \h\h\h\hFACED ANOTHER ENEMY-- 133 00:08:13,393 --> 00:08:14,761 {\an7}THE SOOTY TERN... 134 00:08:14,794 --> 00:08:16,729 {\an7}[CACOPHONY OF SQUAWKING] 135 00:08:16,763 --> 00:08:22,035 {\an7}NICKNAMED THE "WIDEAWAKES" FOR THEIR NON-STOP NOISE. 136 00:08:22,068 --> 00:08:23,703 {\an7}DURING WORLD WAR TWO, 137 00:08:23,737 --> 00:08:28,542 {\an7}SOLDIERS EVEN DUBBED A NEARBY \hAIRFIELD "WIDEAWAKE FIELD." 138 00:08:28,575 --> 00:08:30,977 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 139 00:08:31,011 --> 00:08:33,580 {\an7}THE BIRDS DISRUPTED \hTHE MEN’S SLEEP-- 140 00:08:33,613 --> 00:08:35,281 {\an7}AND THEIR FLIGHTS-- 141 00:08:35,315 --> 00:08:39,119 {\an7}OFTEN COLLIDING WITH PLANES \h\hON TAKEOFF AND LANDING. 142 00:08:41,254 --> 00:08:43,656 {\an7}\h\h\hTHE U.S. ARMY ULTIMATELY RESORTED 143 00:08:43,690 --> 00:08:46,092 {\an7}TO KILLING THOUSANDS OF EGGS. 144 00:08:46,126 --> 00:08:49,262 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 145 00:08:49,295 --> 00:08:52,598 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hMORE RECENTLY, THE BIRDS’ NUMBERS HAVE FALLEN 146 00:08:52,632 --> 00:08:54,400 {\an7}BECAUSE OF RATS. 147 00:08:54,434 --> 00:08:58,104 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTHE RODENTS, INTRODUCED BY SHIPS LONG AGO, 148 00:08:58,138 --> 00:09:01,475 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hDROVE AWAY MANY BIRD SPECIES HERE-- 149 00:09:01,508 --> 00:09:06,013 {\an7}\h\h\h\hAS DID CATS, WHICH WERE BROUGHT IN TO CONTROL THE RATS. 150 00:09:10,417 --> 00:09:14,454 {\an7}SEVERAL BIRD SPECIES FLED \hTO A SPOT JUST OFFSHORE 151 00:09:14,487 --> 00:09:18,091 {\an7}CALLED BOATSWAIN BIRD ISLAND. 152 00:09:18,124 --> 00:09:21,561 {\an7}\h\hTHIS 13-ACRE ISLET HAS BECOME A SANCTUARY 153 00:09:21,594 --> 00:09:24,197 {\an7}FOR TEN SPECIES OF SEABIRDS... 154 00:09:24,230 --> 00:09:26,966 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 155 00:09:27,000 --> 00:09:31,037 {\an7}\h\h\h\hEACH OF WHICH COLONIZES A DIFFERENT PART OF THE ISLAND. 156 00:09:31,071 --> 00:09:34,041 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 157 00:09:34,074 --> 00:09:37,778 {\an7}\h\hTHE WHITE FAIRY TERN INHABITS NARROW LEDGES. 158 00:09:40,613 --> 00:09:45,284 {\an7}THESE ANGELIC-LOOKING BIRDS \hARE ACTUALLY RISK-TAKERS. 159 00:09:45,318 --> 00:09:50,456 {\an7}\hTHEY LAY THEIR EGGS DIRECTLY ON THE ROCKS. 160 00:09:50,490 --> 00:09:52,158 {\an7}WHEN A CHICK HATCHES, 161 00:09:52,192 --> 00:09:55,395 {\an7}THE PARENTS STAY CLOSE \h\h\hFOR A FEW DAYS. 162 00:09:58,598 --> 00:10:02,102 {\an7}THEN THEY START TAKING FREQUENT FISHING TRIPS 163 00:10:02,135 --> 00:10:05,171 {\an7}TO FEED THEIR YOUNGSTER \h\h\h\hAND THEMSELVES. 164 00:10:05,205 --> 00:10:12,179 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 165 00:10:12,212 --> 00:10:17,384 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hTHE TOP OF THE ISLET IS DOMINATED BY MASKED BOOBIES. 166 00:10:17,417 --> 00:10:20,420 {\an7}THE LONG-WINGED BIRDS \h\hNEST ON HIGH SPOTS 167 00:10:20,453 --> 00:10:25,158 {\an7}SO THEY CAN MORE EASILY \h\h\h\h\h\hTAKE FLIGHT. 168 00:10:25,191 --> 00:10:26,659 {\an7}THE SURROUNDING SLOPES 169 00:10:26,693 --> 00:10:30,096 {\an7}ARE HOME TO A BIRD THAT’S MADE \h\h\h\h\h\hA MAJOR COMEBACK-- 170 00:10:30,130 --> 00:10:35,235 {\an7}THE ASCENSION FRIGATEBIRD, KNOWN FOR ITS RED-THROATED MALES. 171 00:10:36,736 --> 00:10:41,174 {\an7}FOR 180 YEARS, THEY LIVED \h\h\hONLY ON THIS ISLET, 172 00:10:41,207 --> 00:10:44,610 {\an7}\hDRIVEN FROM ASCENSION BY THE RODENTS AND CATS. 173 00:10:48,081 --> 00:10:53,386 {\an7}\hIN 2006, FERAL CATS WERE ELIMINATED FROM ASCENSION, 174 00:10:53,419 --> 00:10:56,689 {\an7}\h\hAND THE FRIGATEBIRDS, ALONG WITH OTHER SEABIRDS, 175 00:10:56,723 --> 00:10:58,725 {\an7}SLOWLY RETURNED. 176 00:11:02,162 --> 00:11:06,166 {\an7}TODAY, THIS IS THE MAIN SEABIRD NESTING STATION 177 00:11:06,199 --> 00:11:07,600 {\an7}IN THE SOUTH ATLANTIC. 178 00:11:07,634 --> 00:11:09,769 {\an7}[HONKING] 179 00:11:12,739 --> 00:11:17,644 {\an7}ASCENSION ISLAND IS A SAFE HAVEN FOR A LONG-ENDANGERED SPECIES-- 180 00:11:17,677 --> 00:11:20,113 {\an7}THE GREEN SEA TURTLE. 181 00:11:22,148 --> 00:11:25,385 {\an7}THIS FEMALE IS ONE \h\hOF ABOUT 5,000 182 00:11:25,418 --> 00:11:28,154 {\an7}THAT HEADS TO THE ISLAND \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTO NEST. 183 00:11:35,528 --> 00:11:39,465 {\an7}SHE INSTINCTIVELY RETURNS TO THE BEACH WHERE SHE WAS BORN 184 00:11:39,499 --> 00:11:41,234 {\an7}TO LAY HER OWN EGGS. 185 00:11:45,238 --> 00:11:48,074 {\an7}THE FEMALE HAS TREKKED \h\h\h\h\h1,200 MILES 186 00:11:48,107 --> 00:11:50,743 {\an7}FROM HER FEEDING GROUNDS \h\h\h\h\h\hNEAR BRAZIL. 187 00:11:50,777 --> 00:11:54,214 {\an7}♪ 188 00:11:54,247 --> 00:11:58,084 {\an7}FOR FIVE CENTURIES, MEN WOULD \h\hCAMP OUT ON THESE BEACHES 189 00:11:58,117 --> 00:12:03,522 {\an7}\hTO HARVEST THE ANIMALS AND THEIR EGGS FOR FOOD. 190 00:12:03,556 --> 00:12:07,727 {\an7}THEY’D WATCH THE 700-POUND \hANIMALS CAREFULLY DIG... 191 00:12:07,760 --> 00:12:14,166 {\an7}♪ 192 00:12:14,200 --> 00:12:16,769 {\an7}THEN WAIT AS THE TURTLES NESTED. 193 00:12:16,803 --> 00:12:22,342 {\an7}♪ 194 00:12:22,375 --> 00:12:25,578 {\an7}FEMALES LAY AROUND 100 EGGS... 195 00:12:25,612 --> 00:12:33,687 {\an7}♪ 196 00:12:33,720 --> 00:12:38,458 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hAND SHED TEARS, A WAY OF EXPELLING SALT WATER. 197 00:12:38,491 --> 00:12:52,972 {\an7}♪ 198 00:12:53,006 --> 00:13:03,250 {\an7}♪ 199 00:13:03,283 --> 00:13:06,620 {\an7}\h\hAS THE EXHAUSTED MOTHERS LUMBERED BACK TO THE OCEAN, 200 00:13:06,653 --> 00:13:09,022 {\an7}HUNTERS WOULD POUNCE-- 201 00:13:09,055 --> 00:13:14,494 {\an7}\h\h\hFLIPPING THE ANIMALS AND TRAPPING THEM ON THEIR BACKS. 202 00:13:14,527 --> 00:13:18,197 {\an7}\h\h\hHARVESTERS KILLED UP TO A THOUSAND TURTLES EACH YEAR-- 203 00:13:18,231 --> 00:13:22,035 {\an7}UNTIL THE PRACTICE WAS BANNED \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hIN THE 1930s. 204 00:13:22,068 --> 00:13:31,477 {\an7}♪ 205 00:13:31,511 --> 00:13:33,079 {\an7}IT TOOK 40 YEARS 206 00:13:33,112 --> 00:13:39,051 {\an7}FOR THE GREEN SEA TURTLES HERE \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTO REBOUND. 207 00:13:39,085 --> 00:13:40,720 {\an7}TODAY, ASCENSION HAS 208 00:13:40,753 --> 00:13:44,624 {\an7}THE SECOND LARGEST COLONY \h\hIN THE ATLANTIC OCEAN. 209 00:13:44,657 --> 00:13:57,170 {\an7}♪ 210 00:13:57,203 --> 00:14:03,376 {\an7}\h\hHUNDREDS OF TURTLES NOW BURY MILLIONS OF EGGS HERE EACH YEAR, 211 00:14:03,409 --> 00:14:06,679 {\an7}WITH EACH FEMALE NESTING \h\h\hUP TO SEVEN TIMES. 212 00:14:06,713 --> 00:14:19,960 {\an7}♪ 213 00:14:19,992 --> 00:14:25,297 {\an7}♪ 214 00:14:25,331 --> 00:14:29,569 {\an7}TWO MONTHS AFTER THE MOTHERS \h\h\hLEAVE, THE EGGS HATCH. 215 00:14:29,602 --> 00:14:40,980 {\an7}♪ 216 00:14:41,013 --> 00:14:52,625 {\an7}♪ 217 00:14:52,658 --> 00:14:57,096 {\an7}THEIR SHELLS ATTRACT SCAVENGERS CALLED SALLY LIGHTFOOTS. 218 00:14:57,130 --> 00:15:01,167 {\an7}♪ 219 00:15:01,200 --> 00:15:05,504 {\an7}AT LOW TIDE, THEY COMB THE BEACH FOR ANYTHING EDIBLE. 220 00:15:05,538 --> 00:15:13,379 {\an7}♪ 221 00:15:13,413 --> 00:15:16,016 {\an7}AS THE CRABS CLEAN UP, 222 00:15:16,048 --> 00:15:20,019 {\an7}THE BABY TURTLES INSTINCTIVELY \h\h\h\hHEAD TOWARD THE OCEAN. 223 00:15:20,052 --> 00:15:24,156 {\an7}♪ 224 00:15:24,190 --> 00:15:26,559 {\an7}OUT OF EVERY THOUSAND \h\h\h\h\hHATCHLINGS, 225 00:15:26,592 --> 00:15:29,495 {\an7}ONLY ONE WILL LIVE TO ADULTHOOD. 226 00:15:32,198 --> 00:15:35,735 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTHOSE THAT DO WILL RETURN TO THIS BEACH... 227 00:15:35,768 --> 00:15:38,404 {\an7}TO MAKE NESTS OF THEIR OWN. 228 00:15:53,486 --> 00:15:55,488 {\an7}THROUGHOUT ASCENSION’S HISTORY, 229 00:15:55,521 --> 00:15:58,157 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hONE THING HAS REMAINED CONSTANT-- 230 00:15:58,191 --> 00:16:00,960 {\an7}THE LAND CRABS. 231 00:16:00,993 --> 00:16:04,964 {\an7}\hFOR THOUSANDS OF YEARS, THEY WERE THE LARGEST ANIMALS HERE, 232 00:16:04,997 --> 00:16:07,700 {\an7}THOUGH NO ONE KNOWS \hHOW THEY ARRIVED, 233 00:16:07,733 --> 00:16:10,002 {\an7}SINCE THEY CAN’T SWIM. 234 00:16:11,804 --> 00:16:14,106 {\an7}EVERY YEAR, THE FEMALES BULK UP 235 00:16:14,140 --> 00:16:19,012 {\an7}FOR ONE OF NATURE’S \hTOUGHEST TREKS... 236 00:16:19,045 --> 00:16:20,380 {\an7}A HALF-MILE JOURNEY 237 00:16:20,413 --> 00:16:24,651 {\an7}\h\hFROM THE MOUNTAINS TO THE SHORE TO NEST. 238 00:16:24,684 --> 00:16:28,121 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hIT’S TOO HOT TO MAKE THE DESCENT DURING THE DAY... 239 00:16:28,154 --> 00:16:30,757 {\an7}SO THE FEMALES WAIT \h\h\hFOR NIGHTFALL. 240 00:16:34,293 --> 00:16:36,762 {\an7}EVEN THEN, IT’S SLOW GOING. 241 00:16:40,500 --> 00:16:43,803 {\an7}IT TAKES THEM A FULL WEEK \h\h\hTO REACH THE WATER. 242 00:16:47,406 --> 00:16:50,576 {\an7}NEXT, THE ANIMALS WAIT \h\h\h\h\hFOR A WAVE-- 243 00:16:50,610 --> 00:16:52,745 {\an7}TO SHAKE OUT THEIR EGGS. 244 00:16:52,778 --> 00:16:58,050 {\an7}♪ 245 00:16:58,084 --> 00:17:02,355 {\an7}FOR THESE NON-SWIMMERS, \hTIMING IS EVERYTHING. 246 00:17:02,388 --> 00:17:07,593 {\an7}♪ 247 00:17:10,563 --> 00:17:15,735 {\an7}AFTERWARDS, THE FEMALES MAKE \h\h\h\hTHE SLOW TREK BACK. 248 00:17:15,768 --> 00:17:19,705 {\an7}IN THREE WEEKS, THEIR BABIES \hWILL EMERGE FROM THE OCEAN 249 00:17:19,739 --> 00:17:22,041 {\an7}AND HEAD HOME. 250 00:17:25,278 --> 00:17:28,314 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hTRAVELING SOUTH DOWN THE MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE 251 00:17:28,347 --> 00:17:32,251 {\an7}IS AN ISLAND GROUP EVEN MORE \h\hREMOTE THAN ASCENSION-- 252 00:17:32,285 --> 00:17:34,687 {\an7}TRISTAN DA CUNHA. 253 00:17:34,720 --> 00:17:38,691 {\an7}THIS BRITISH TERRITORY NAMED AFTER A PORTUGUESE EXPLORER 254 00:17:38,724 --> 00:17:41,560 {\an7}ALSO SITS IN THE SOUTH ATLANTIC. 255 00:17:41,594 --> 00:17:46,265 {\an7}ITS FOUR ISLANDS ARE THE TIPS \h\hOF UNDERWATER VOLCANOES-- 256 00:17:46,299 --> 00:17:49,969 {\an7}\h\hALL IN THE PATH OF RELENTLESS WINDS 257 00:17:50,002 --> 00:17:52,605 {\an7}KNOWN AS "THE ROARING FORTIES." 258 00:17:55,775 --> 00:17:58,344 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTHEY MAKE THE SEVEN-DAY BOAT RIDE HERE 259 00:17:58,377 --> 00:18:01,113 {\an7}AN ADVENTURE IN AND OF ITSELF. 260 00:18:07,253 --> 00:18:10,456 {\an7}THE FIERCE WINDS BRING WHITECAPS AND RAIN... 261 00:18:10,489 --> 00:18:13,325 {\an7}\hUP TO THREE WEEKS OUT OF EVERY MONTH. 262 00:18:17,196 --> 00:18:21,000 {\an7}\h\h\h\hTRISTAN IS THE WORLD’S MOST REMOTE INHABITED ISLAND. 263 00:18:26,005 --> 00:18:30,042 {\an7}\h\h\hITS SINGLE VILLAGE HAS A POPULATION OF 262. 264 00:18:32,511 --> 00:18:35,981 {\an7}\h\h\h\hTHE SETTLEMENT SITS BENEATH QUEEN MARY’S PEAK-- 265 00:18:36,015 --> 00:18:38,251 {\an7}THE VOLCANIC SUMMIT. 266 00:18:43,322 --> 00:18:46,292 {\an7}IT LAST ERUPTED IN 1961, 267 00:18:46,325 --> 00:18:49,195 {\an7}FORCING FAMILIES HERE \h\h\h\h\hTO EVACUATE. 268 00:18:49,228 --> 00:18:54,266 {\an7}♪ 269 00:18:54,300 --> 00:18:57,537 {\an7}TWO YEARS LATER, THEY RETURNED \h\h\h\h\hTO THE FARMING LIFE 270 00:18:57,570 --> 00:19:00,306 {\an7}THAT DOMINATES TRISTAN. 271 00:19:00,339 --> 00:19:02,274 {\an7}THE MAIN CROP IS POTATOES, 272 00:19:02,308 --> 00:19:05,144 {\an7}\h\h\h\hWHICH THRIVE IN THE VOLCANIC ASH. 273 00:19:05,177 --> 00:19:10,282 {\an7}[BIRDS CALLING] 274 00:19:10,316 --> 00:19:13,386 {\an7}HERE, NATURE EVOLVES \h\h\hAROUND HUMANS 275 00:19:13,419 --> 00:19:16,656 {\an7}IN UNEXPECTED WAYS. 276 00:19:16,689 --> 00:19:20,560 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTRISTAN IS HOME TO SEVEN SPECIES OF LAND BIRDS-- 277 00:19:20,593 --> 00:19:23,963 {\an7}INCLUDING THESE FINCHES. 278 00:19:23,996 --> 00:19:26,298 {\an7}\h\hTHEY ORIGINATED FROM SOUTH AMERICA-- 279 00:19:26,332 --> 00:19:29,569 {\an7}2,000 MILES AWAY. 280 00:19:29,602 --> 00:19:34,974 {\an7}BUT ON TRISTAN, THEY’VE CHANGED, EVOLVING INTO DIFFERENT SPECIES, 281 00:19:35,007 --> 00:19:39,211 {\an7}\h\hEACH WITH A BILL ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC KIND OF SEED. 282 00:19:41,414 --> 00:19:44,584 {\an7}\h\h\h\hANOTHER LAND BIRD, CALLED THE TRISTAN THRUSH, 283 00:19:44,617 --> 00:19:49,655 {\an7}HAS CHANGED FROM AN HERBIVORE \h\h\h\h\h\h\hTO A CARNIVORE. 284 00:19:49,689 --> 00:19:54,527 {\an7}[PENGUINS BRAYING] 285 00:19:54,560 --> 00:19:57,163 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hTHE BIRDS LURK AROUND TRISTAN’S COLONIES 286 00:19:57,196 --> 00:19:59,632 {\an7}OF NORTHERN ROCKHOPPER PENGUINS. 287 00:20:01,534 --> 00:20:05,204 {\an7}THEY PECK AT THE LARGER BIRDS’ \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOPEN WOUNDS... 288 00:20:05,237 --> 00:20:07,439 {\an7}AND DRINK THEIR BLOOD. 289 00:20:07,473 --> 00:20:10,743 {\an7}[BRAYING] 290 00:20:10,776 --> 00:20:23,455 {\an7}♪ 291 00:20:23,489 --> 00:20:25,224 {\an7}[HONKING] 292 00:20:25,257 --> 00:20:31,697 {\an7}♪ 293 00:20:31,731 --> 00:20:33,700 {\an7}[BRAYING] 294 00:20:33,733 --> 00:20:38,504 {\an7}\h\h\h\hIT’S A STARK EXAMPLE OF SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST. 295 00:20:38,537 --> 00:20:43,175 {\an7}[BRAYING] 296 00:20:43,209 --> 00:20:46,012 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTRISTAN DA CUNHA HAS THE WORLD’S LARGEST NUMBER 297 00:20:46,045 --> 00:20:48,481 {\an7}OF NORTHERN ROCKHOPPER PENGUINS, 298 00:20:48,514 --> 00:20:51,017 {\an7}WHICH HOP RATHER THAN WADDLE. 299 00:20:53,452 --> 00:20:55,688 {\an7}BUT THE SPECIES IS IN TROUBLE. 300 00:20:55,721 --> 00:21:00,392 {\an7}THEIR POPULATION HAS DECREASED \h\h\h\h\h90% SINCE THE 1950s. 301 00:21:02,995 --> 00:21:04,497 {\an7}THE BIGGEST THREAT TO THEM 302 00:21:04,530 --> 00:21:09,335 {\an7}USED TO BE HUNTERS SEEKING THEIR DECORATIVE FEATHERS. 303 00:21:09,368 --> 00:21:13,439 {\an7}\h\h\h\hTODAY, THE CULPRITS ARE CLIMATE CHANGE AND OVERFISHING, 304 00:21:13,472 --> 00:21:15,374 {\an7}WHICH HAS CUT DOWN \hTHE FOOD SUPPLY 305 00:21:15,407 --> 00:21:19,378 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hFOR BOTH THE PENGUINS AND ANOTHER TRISTAN RESIDENT... 306 00:21:22,114 --> 00:21:24,550 {\an7}THE SUBANTARCTIC FUR SEAL. 307 00:21:25,451 --> 00:21:29,555 {\an7}[PUPS CRYING] 308 00:21:29,588 --> 00:21:32,491 {\an7}\h\h\hTHESE PUPS LIVE IN ONE OF SEVERAL BREEDING COLONIES 309 00:21:32,525 --> 00:21:35,128 {\an7}THAT HAVE RE-EMERGED ON TRISTAN. 310 00:21:37,329 --> 00:21:39,164 {\an7}[WARBLING] 311 00:21:41,500 --> 00:21:45,170 {\an7}THE SPECIES WAS ONCE PUSHED TO THE BRINK OF EXTINCTION, 312 00:21:45,204 --> 00:21:49,775 {\an7}\hLARGELY BY SEALERS FROM NORTH AMERICA. 313 00:21:49,809 --> 00:21:52,178 {\an7}IN THE 17- AND 1800s, 314 00:21:52,211 --> 00:21:54,680 {\an7}\h\h\hHUNTERS SLAUGHTERED THOUSANDS OF THESE ANIMALS 315 00:21:54,713 --> 00:21:56,715 {\an7}FOR THEIR THICK PELTS. 316 00:22:00,019 --> 00:22:02,622 {\an7}THE PRACTICE STOPPED IN THE 20th CENTURY 317 00:22:02,655 --> 00:22:06,492 {\an7}WHEN THE SPECIES EARNED \hWIDESPREAD PROTECTION. 318 00:22:06,525 --> 00:22:08,560 {\an7}[BELLOWING] 319 00:22:08,594 --> 00:22:12,098 {\an7}\h\h\hHUNDREDS OF PUPS NOW THRIVE ON TRISTAN. 320 00:22:14,099 --> 00:22:16,001 {\an7}[BELLOWING] 321 00:22:16,035 --> 00:22:21,374 {\an7}♪ 322 00:22:21,407 --> 00:22:23,476 {\an7}THE ANIMALS LINE THE ROCKY SHORES 323 00:22:23,509 --> 00:22:26,312 {\an7}DURING BREEDING SEASON \h\h\h\h\h\hEACH FALL. 324 00:22:30,683 --> 00:22:33,586 {\an7}BUT THEY’RE MOST AT HOME \h\h\h\h\hIN THE WATER. 325 00:22:33,619 --> 00:22:44,463 {\an7}♪ 326 00:22:44,496 --> 00:22:47,299 {\an7}MOTHERS HUNT ALONE... 327 00:22:47,333 --> 00:22:49,001 {\an7}OR IN GROUPS... 328 00:22:49,034 --> 00:22:52,971 {\an7}FORTIFYING THEMSELVES TO NURSE \h\hTHEIR PUPS BACK ON SHORE. 329 00:22:53,005 --> 00:23:01,580 {\an7}♪ 330 00:23:01,614 --> 00:23:15,161 {\an7}♪ 331 00:23:15,194 --> 00:23:19,765 {\an7}\h\hTHESE MASTER DIVERS CAN PLUNGE UP TO 60 FEET 332 00:23:19,798 --> 00:23:22,734 {\an7}AND HOLD THEIR BREATH \h\hFOR FOUR MINUTES. 333 00:23:22,768 --> 00:23:35,114 {\an7}♪ 334 00:23:35,147 --> 00:23:37,783 {\an7}\h\hTHE WATERS HERE ARE RICH WITH FOOD, 335 00:23:37,816 --> 00:23:42,721 {\an7}SINCE COMMERCIAL FISHING \h\h\h\h\h\h\hIS BANNED. 336 00:23:42,755 --> 00:23:46,659 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hTHE SEALS USE THEIR SHARP EYESIGHT AND KEEN HEARING 337 00:23:46,692 --> 00:23:49,161 {\an7}TO TRACK DOWN FISH AND KRILL. 338 00:23:49,194 --> 00:23:56,201 {\an7}♪ 339 00:23:56,235 --> 00:24:01,006 {\an7}\h\hTHESE PROTECTED WATERS ALSO TEEM WITH PLANT LIFE. 340 00:24:01,040 --> 00:24:04,176 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOCEAN CURRENTS, ALONG WITH THE ROARING FORTIES, 341 00:24:04,209 --> 00:24:07,345 {\an7}\h\hSTIR UP SEDIMENT DEEP UNDERGROUND... 342 00:24:07,379 --> 00:24:10,616 {\an7}WHICH FEEDS TOWERING FORESTS \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOF KELP. 343 00:24:16,588 --> 00:24:19,658 {\an7}THIS IS HOME TO TRISTAN’S \h\h\hMOST ABUNDANT FISH, 344 00:24:19,692 --> 00:24:23,396 {\an7}CALLED THE FIVE-FINGERS... 345 00:24:23,429 --> 00:24:25,698 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hALONG WITH A COLOR-STREAKED SPECIES 346 00:24:25,731 --> 00:24:28,200 {\an7}NAMED THE TRISTAN WRASSE. 347 00:24:28,233 --> 00:24:34,573 {\an7}♪ 348 00:24:34,606 --> 00:24:36,741 {\an7}THE SCHOOLS OF FISH \h\h\hAROUND TRISTAN 349 00:24:36,775 --> 00:24:42,114 {\an7}FEED 25 SPECIES OF SEABIRDS-- 350 00:24:42,147 --> 00:24:45,984 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hINCLUDING YELLOW-NOSED ALBATROSSES. 351 00:24:46,018 --> 00:24:51,957 {\an7}♪ 352 00:24:51,991 --> 00:24:55,161 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 353 00:24:55,194 --> 00:25:01,100 {\an7}THEY’RE FOUND THROUGHOUT \h\hTHE SOUTH ATLANTIC, 354 00:25:01,133 --> 00:25:04,637 {\an7}BUT TRISTAN IS THE ONLY PLACE \h\h\h\h\h\h\hTHAT THEY NEST. 355 00:25:07,206 --> 00:25:10,242 {\an7}IN AUGUST, THE BIRDS BEGIN MOVING INLAND 356 00:25:10,275 --> 00:25:13,745 {\an7}TO TRISTAN’S VOLCANIC PEAK. 357 00:25:13,779 --> 00:25:16,515 {\an7}HERE, AMONG DWARF TREE FERNS, 358 00:25:16,548 --> 00:25:21,586 {\an7}\hTHE ALBATROSSES BUILD THEIR NESTS. 359 00:25:21,620 --> 00:25:27,326 {\an7}\hPAIRS ARE MONOGAMOUS AND OFTEN RETURN TO THE SAME NESTING SITE. 360 00:25:27,359 --> 00:25:32,497 {\an7}♪ 361 00:25:32,531 --> 00:25:35,968 {\an7}\h\h\hTOGETHER, THEY CARE FOR A SINGLE BABY BIRD... 362 00:25:36,001 --> 00:25:39,137 {\an7}[SQUEAKING] 363 00:25:39,171 --> 00:25:42,041 {\an7}TAKING TURNS FISHING, \h\h\h\hTHEN FEEDING. 364 00:25:42,074 --> 00:25:52,051 {\an7}♪ 365 00:25:52,084 --> 00:25:55,254 {\an7}BY SPRING, THEIR CHICK \hWILL LEAVE THE NEST 366 00:25:55,287 --> 00:25:59,124 {\an7}AND WON’T RETURN TO LAND \h\h\h\hFOR FIVE YEARS. 367 00:25:59,158 --> 00:26:02,695 {\an7}♪ 368 00:26:02,728 --> 00:26:04,563 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 369 00:26:04,596 --> 00:26:06,598 {\an7}IN THE EVENINGS ON TRISTAN, 370 00:26:06,632 --> 00:26:11,437 {\an7}A RELATIVE OF THE ALBATROSS \h\h\h\h\hGATHERS OFFSHORE-- 371 00:26:11,470 --> 00:26:14,006 {\an7}THE GREAT SHEARWATERS. 372 00:26:16,809 --> 00:26:19,578 {\an7}THESE BIRDS ARE COMMON \h\h\hIN NORTH AMERICA 373 00:26:19,611 --> 00:26:23,215 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hBUT ONLY BREED ON THESE REMOTE ISLANDS. 374 00:26:25,284 --> 00:26:29,355 {\an7}MILLIONS DESCEND ON TRISTAN \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hEACH YEAR. 375 00:26:29,388 --> 00:26:32,358 {\an7}\h\hTHE BIRDS SPEND THEIR DAYS FISHING. 376 00:26:35,394 --> 00:26:38,964 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hWHEN NIGHT FALLS, THEY’LL RETURN TO THEIR NESTS 377 00:26:38,997 --> 00:26:43,735 {\an7}\h\h\hAND FEED THEIR YOUNG UNTIL THE SUN RISES AGAIN. 378 00:26:50,609 --> 00:26:53,212 {\an7}MOVING FURTHER SOUTH \hIN THE ATLANTIC... 379 00:26:53,245 --> 00:26:55,314 {\an7}\h\hTOWARDS THE TIP OF SOUTH AMERICA... 380 00:26:55,347 --> 00:26:57,983 {\an7}ARE THE FALKLAND ISLANDS. 381 00:26:58,016 --> 00:27:00,619 {\an7}\h\hTHE CHAIN CONSISTS OF TWO MAIN ISLANDS-- 382 00:27:00,652 --> 00:27:02,454 {\an7}EAST AND WEST-- 383 00:27:02,488 --> 00:27:05,324 {\an7}ALONG WITH HUNDREDS \h\hOF SMALLER ONES. 384 00:27:10,162 --> 00:27:14,967 {\an7}\h\hTODAY THIS REMOTE CHAIN IS BEST KNOWN FOR ITS DIVERSITY. 385 00:27:15,000 --> 00:27:21,039 {\an7}♪ 386 00:27:21,073 --> 00:27:24,376 {\an7}COMMERSON’S DOLPHINS PLAY \h\h\h\h\h\hIN THE SURF... 387 00:27:24,409 --> 00:27:32,317 {\an7}♪ 388 00:27:32,351 --> 00:27:36,021 {\an7}WHILE ON THE BEACH, \h\h\hBIRDS ABOUND. 389 00:27:36,054 --> 00:27:43,461 {\an7}[CHIRPING] 390 00:27:43,495 --> 00:27:46,665 {\an7}FIVE DIFFERENT KINDS OF PENGUINS LIVE HERE, 391 00:27:46,698 --> 00:27:49,000 {\an7}INCLUDING THE GENTOO. 392 00:27:52,404 --> 00:27:56,208 {\an7}THE FALKLANDS HAVE THE LARGEST \hGENTOO POPULATION ON EARTH-- 393 00:27:56,241 --> 00:27:59,444 {\an7}MORE THAN 120,000 PAIRS. 394 00:27:59,478 --> 00:28:05,517 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 395 00:28:05,551 --> 00:28:09,522 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hDURING THE DAY, THE BIRDS BUSILY FISH ON SHORE. 396 00:28:14,193 --> 00:28:15,961 {\an7}[HONKING] 397 00:28:15,994 --> 00:28:22,968 {\an7}♪ 398 00:28:23,001 --> 00:28:27,205 {\an7}\h\hTHEN, IN THE EVENING, THEY WADDLE INLAND TO THEIR NESTS. 399 00:28:30,209 --> 00:28:34,013 {\an7}FOR A TWO-FOOT-TALL PENGUIN, \h\h\h\h\hIT’S A LONG HAUL. 400 00:28:36,682 --> 00:28:38,284 {\an7}[HONKING] 401 00:28:38,317 --> 00:28:42,454 {\an7}\h\h\hTHERE ARE MORE THAN 230 BIRD SPECIES IN THE FALKLANDS. 402 00:28:42,487 --> 00:28:45,957 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 403 00:28:45,991 --> 00:28:50,496 {\an7}\h\h\hTHE ISLANDS ARE HOME TO THE STRIATED CARACARA, 404 00:28:50,529 --> 00:28:53,365 {\an7}THE WORLD’S SOUTHERNMOST \h\h\h\h\hBIRD OF PREY. 405 00:28:53,398 --> 00:28:57,235 {\an7}[SCREECHING] 406 00:28:59,037 --> 00:29:03,141 {\an7}THIS AREA IS ALSO POPULAR WITH SOUTHERN ROCKHOPPER PENGUINS-- 407 00:29:03,175 --> 00:29:05,811 {\an7}\h\h\hCLOSE RELATIVES OF THE NORTHERN ONES. 408 00:29:08,213 --> 00:29:10,582 {\an7}BUT THE SHOW STOPPERS \h\h\hON THE FALKLANDS 409 00:29:10,616 --> 00:29:13,619 {\an7}ARE THE BLACK-BROWED \h\h\hALBATROSSES-- 410 00:29:13,652 --> 00:29:17,156 {\an7}NAMED FOR THE FAINT BLACK BROW \h\h\h\h\h\h\hOVER THEIR EYES. 411 00:29:17,189 --> 00:29:22,494 {\an7}[SQUEAKING] 412 00:29:22,527 --> 00:29:26,598 {\an7}TWO-THIRDS OF THE WORLD’S \h\hPOPULATION NEST HERE-- 413 00:29:26,632 --> 00:29:29,201 {\an7}AROUND A MILLION BIRDS. 414 00:29:29,234 --> 00:29:32,971 {\an7}[CHIRPING AND SQUAWKING] 415 00:29:33,005 --> 00:29:42,448 {\an7}♪ 416 00:29:42,481 --> 00:29:51,690 {\an7}♪ 417 00:29:51,723 --> 00:29:56,595 {\an7}\hTHE SEABIRDS OFTEN MIX WITH THE LOCAL PENGUIN POPULATION-- 418 00:29:56,628 --> 00:29:59,664 {\an7}BOTH PEACEFULLY... 419 00:29:59,698 --> 00:30:03,168 {\an7}AND NOT SO PEACEFULLY. 420 00:30:03,201 --> 00:30:09,174 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 421 00:30:09,207 --> 00:30:11,976 {\an7}♪ 422 00:30:12,010 --> 00:30:17,215 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 423 00:30:17,249 --> 00:30:25,324 {\an7}♪ 424 00:30:29,695 --> 00:30:35,434 {\an7}\hWHEN NESTING SEASON ENDS, THE ALBATROSSES TAKE FLIGHT. 425 00:30:35,467 --> 00:30:39,604 {\an7}\h\hTHEIR SEVEN-FOOT WINGSPAN MAKES FOR AWKWARD TAKEOFFS... 426 00:30:39,638 --> 00:30:44,576 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 427 00:30:44,609 --> 00:30:46,578 {\an7}BUT EASY FLIGHT. 428 00:30:46,611 --> 00:30:49,581 {\an7}THE EXPERT GLIDERS CAN FLY FOR HOURS 429 00:30:49,614 --> 00:30:52,183 {\an7}WITHOUT A SINGLE WINGBEAT. 430 00:30:52,217 --> 00:30:58,223 {\an7}♪ 431 00:30:58,256 --> 00:30:59,958 {\an7}BY RIDING AIR CURRENTS, 432 00:30:59,991 --> 00:31:03,962 {\an7}THEY TRAVEL THOUSANDS OF MILES \h\h\h\h\hWITH MINIMAL EFFORT. 433 00:31:03,995 --> 00:31:07,265 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 434 00:31:07,299 --> 00:31:12,504 {\an7}\h\hAND EACH FALL, THEY RETURN TO THIS FAMILIAR SPOT TO NEST. 435 00:31:12,537 --> 00:31:17,642 {\an7}♪ 436 00:31:17,676 --> 00:31:22,514 {\an7}THE FALKLANDS’ TWO MAIN ISLANDS SIT AMONG 200 SMALLER ONES. 437 00:31:24,316 --> 00:31:28,120 {\an7}ON MANY, TUSSOCKS OF GRASS \hHIDE THE NESTING GROUNDS 438 00:31:28,153 --> 00:31:30,989 {\an7}FOR SEABIRDS CALLED \hSOOTY SHEARWATERS. 439 00:31:35,727 --> 00:31:39,998 {\an7}\h\h\h\hLIKE GREAT SHEARWATERS, THESE BIRDS FISH DURING THE DAY 440 00:31:40,031 --> 00:31:43,001 {\an7}AND RETURN TO LAND AT NIGHT. 441 00:31:45,670 --> 00:31:50,542 {\an7}SOOTY SHEARWATERS ARE AMONG THE WORLD’S MOST ABUNDANT SEABIRDS. 442 00:31:50,575 --> 00:31:55,146 {\an7}BUT EXPERTS SAY THEIR POPULATION IS DECREASING. 443 00:31:55,180 --> 00:31:57,983 {\an7}THEIR YOUNG ARE HARVESTED \h\h\h\h\hBY THE THOUSANDS 444 00:31:58,016 --> 00:32:00,652 {\an7}FOR FOOD, SOAP, AND OIL. 445 00:32:02,988 --> 00:32:07,493 {\an7}IN THE FALKLANDS, SKIES THAT ONCE TURNED BLACK WITH BIRDS 446 00:32:07,526 --> 00:32:10,295 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hARE BECOMING LESS AND LESS CROWDED. 447 00:32:10,328 --> 00:32:12,130 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 448 00:32:15,534 --> 00:32:19,004 {\an7}\h\h\hMOVING A THOUSAND MILES SOUTHEAST OF THE FALKLANDS... 449 00:32:19,037 --> 00:32:23,408 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hTHE WINDS PICK UP, AND THE TEMPERATURE PLUMMETS. 450 00:32:23,442 --> 00:32:27,346 {\an7}\hTHIS ICY CLIMATE IS HOME TO SOUTH GEORGIA ISLAND-- 451 00:32:27,379 --> 00:32:31,283 {\an7}A BRITISH TERRITORY MADE FAMOUS BY ERNEST SHACKLETON. 452 00:32:35,987 --> 00:32:39,057 {\an7}IN 1916, SHACKLETON \h\h\hVENTURED HERE 453 00:32:39,090 --> 00:32:41,726 {\an7}TO SAVE THE CREW OF HIS SHIP \h\h\h\h\h\h\hTHE ENDURANCE, 454 00:32:41,760 --> 00:32:45,564 {\an7}WHICH WAS CRUSHED BY ICE. 455 00:32:45,597 --> 00:32:49,534 {\an7}SHACKLETON TRAVERSED GLACIERS \hTO REACH A WHALING STATION, 456 00:32:49,568 --> 00:32:51,570 {\an7}WHERE HE LAUNCHED A RESCUE MISSION. 457 00:32:51,603 --> 00:32:54,106 {\an7}[CHIRPING] 458 00:32:54,139 --> 00:32:55,374 {\an7}[HONKING] 459 00:32:55,407 --> 00:32:59,444 {\an7}\h\hTODAY SOUTH GEORGIA IS UNINHABITED BY PEOPLE 460 00:32:59,478 --> 00:33:01,246 {\an7}BUT PACKED WITH WILDLIFE... 461 00:33:01,279 --> 00:33:03,615 {\an7}[HONKING] 462 00:33:03,648 --> 00:33:06,784 {\an7}THE GREATEST DENSITY ON EARTH. 463 00:33:06,818 --> 00:33:11,556 {\an7}\h\h\hFUR SEALS MINGLE WITH GENTOO PENGUINS-- 464 00:33:11,590 --> 00:33:16,128 {\an7}\h\hBOTH OF WHICH SHACKLETON AND HIS CREW ATE TO SURVIVE. 465 00:33:17,596 --> 00:33:20,332 {\an7}[GRUNTING] 466 00:33:22,400 --> 00:33:25,503 {\an7}TODAY THE HUNTERS ARE GIANT PETRELS, 467 00:33:25,537 --> 00:33:27,773 {\an7}INFAMOUS FOR THEIR GLUTTONY. 468 00:33:30,475 --> 00:33:34,546 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 469 00:33:34,579 --> 00:33:38,583 {\an7}\h\h\hBUT THE BEHEMOTHS HERE ARE SOUTHERN ELEPHANT SEALS. 470 00:33:38,617 --> 00:33:42,488 {\an7}[BELLOWING] 471 00:33:42,521 --> 00:33:44,023 {\an7}THESE BULLS ARE FIGHTING 472 00:33:44,055 --> 00:33:47,292 {\an7}OVER NEARBY FEMALES, \h\h\h\hCALLED COWS. 473 00:33:49,561 --> 00:33:52,597 {\an7}\h\h\hTHE TWO-TON ANIMALS ARE NAMED FOR THEIR NOSES, 474 00:33:52,631 --> 00:33:54,600 {\an7}NOT THEIR SIZE. 475 00:33:54,633 --> 00:33:57,536 {\an7}[BELLOWING] 476 00:34:02,407 --> 00:34:06,244 {\an7}EACH BULL CLAIMS A TERRITORY \h\h\hFOR HIS HAREM OF COWS. 477 00:34:06,278 --> 00:34:08,380 {\an7}[BELLOWING] 478 00:34:08,413 --> 00:34:11,449 {\an7}BUT CHALLENGES CAN COME ANYTIME. 479 00:34:13,018 --> 00:34:14,453 {\an7}[BELLOWING] 480 00:34:14,486 --> 00:34:19,958 {\an7}THE STRONGEST BULLS HAVE UP TO 50 MATES. 481 00:34:19,991 --> 00:34:23,561 {\an7}AFTER BREEDING, THE ANIMALS \hMIGRATE TO THE ANTARCTIC-- 482 00:34:23,595 --> 00:34:26,398 {\an7}TO FEAST ON FISH AND SQUID. 483 00:34:27,532 --> 00:34:32,303 {\an7}♪ 484 00:34:32,337 --> 00:34:36,241 {\an7}NEARBY, A DIFFERENT SPECIES-- \h\h\hTHE ANTARCTIC FUR SEAL-- 485 00:34:36,274 --> 00:34:38,343 {\an7}SEEMS PEACEFUL. 486 00:34:38,376 --> 00:34:46,017 {\an7}[SEALS GROANING] 487 00:34:48,320 --> 00:34:52,124 {\an7}BUT THEIR BEHAVIOR IS SIMILAR \hTO THEIR HULKING RELATIVES. 488 00:34:52,157 --> 00:34:58,563 {\an7}[WARBLING] 489 00:34:58,597 --> 00:35:01,166 {\an7}IRONICALLY, THIS FEISTY COLONY 490 00:35:01,199 --> 00:35:05,103 {\an7}INHABITS AN ABANDONED \h\h\hSEALING STATION. 491 00:35:05,136 --> 00:35:06,704 {\an7}[GRUNTING] 492 00:35:06,738 --> 00:35:10,775 {\an7}SEALERS LIVED ON SOUTH GEORGIA \h\hTHROUGH THE 18th CENTURY, 493 00:35:10,809 --> 00:35:13,578 {\an7}DECIMATING THE SEAL POPULATION. 494 00:35:13,612 --> 00:35:17,116 {\an7}[WARBLING AND GRUNTING] 495 00:35:17,148 --> 00:35:22,220 {\an7}NOW 95% OF THE WORLD’S POPULATION LIVES HERE. 496 00:35:28,693 --> 00:35:32,397 {\an7}THE MOST SPECTACULAR THING ABOUT SOUTH GEORGIA ISLAND 497 00:35:32,430 --> 00:35:35,066 {\an7}MAY BE ITS KING PENGUINS. 498 00:35:35,100 --> 00:35:40,372 {\an7}[CACOPHONY OF HONKING] 499 00:35:40,405 --> 00:35:44,042 {\an7}IT’S HOME TO NEARLY A MILLION \h\h\h\h\h\hOF THESE BIRDS... 500 00:35:44,075 --> 00:35:47,979 {\an7}[HONKING] 501 00:35:48,013 --> 00:35:52,050 {\an7}\h\hSECOND IN SIZE ONLY TO THE EMPEROR PENGUIN. 502 00:35:52,083 --> 00:36:04,295 {\an7}[HONKING] 503 00:36:04,329 --> 00:36:11,970 {\an7}♪ 504 00:36:12,003 --> 00:36:16,374 {\an7}PARENTS KEEP THEIR NEWBORNS WARM BY BALANCING THEM ON THEIR FEET. 505 00:36:20,311 --> 00:36:22,246 {\an7}AS AWKWARD ADOLESCENTS, 506 00:36:22,280 --> 00:36:25,183 {\an7}THE YOUNGSTERS GROW A COAT \h\h\h\hOF DOWNY FEATHERS 507 00:36:25,216 --> 00:36:27,985 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTO PROTECT THEM FROM THE FREEZING TEMPERATURES. 508 00:36:28,019 --> 00:36:30,154 {\an7}[HONKING] 509 00:36:30,188 --> 00:36:42,000 {\an7}♪ 510 00:36:42,033 --> 00:36:46,404 {\an7}THE PENGUINS ALSO STAY WARM \hWITH COLLECTIVE BODY HEAT. 511 00:36:49,774 --> 00:36:54,479 {\an7}\hTHE RESULT IS ONE OF THE MOST STUNNING SIGHTS IN THE ATLANTIC. 512 00:37:02,120 --> 00:37:04,956 {\an7}MOVING EVEN FURTHER SOUTH, \h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hWE ARRIVE 513 00:37:04,989 --> 00:37:08,125 {\an7}AT SOME OF THE MOST FOREBODING \h\h\h\h\h\hISLANDS ON EARTH-- 514 00:37:08,159 --> 00:37:10,695 {\an7}THE SOUTH SHETLANDS. 515 00:37:10,729 --> 00:37:14,399 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hTHE ARCHIPELAGO SITS OFF THE COAST OF ANTARCTICA-- 516 00:37:14,432 --> 00:37:19,170 {\an7}\h\hTHE ONLY CONTINENT WITH NO NATIVE PEOPLE. 517 00:37:19,204 --> 00:37:23,375 {\an7}ALL OF THIS LAND IS PROTECTED \h\h\hBY THE ANTARCTIC TREATY, 518 00:37:23,408 --> 00:37:26,611 {\an7}WHICH SETS IT ASIDE FOR SCIENTIFIC USE. 519 00:37:30,215 --> 00:37:32,384 {\an7}\hON THE NORTHERN END OF THE SOUTH SHETLANDS 520 00:37:32,417 --> 00:37:34,185 {\an7}IS ELEPHANT ISLAND, 521 00:37:34,219 --> 00:37:37,589 {\an7}WHERE SUMMER HIGHS REACH \h\h\hABOUT 34 DEGREES. 522 00:37:41,059 --> 00:37:45,764 {\an7}\h\h\hTHIS DESOLATE LANDSCAPE IS A HAVEN FOR CHINSTRAP PENGUINS, 523 00:37:45,797 --> 00:37:51,202 {\an7}\h\h\hNAMED FOR THE BLACK BAND OF FEATHERS UNDER THEIR HEADS. 524 00:37:51,236 --> 00:37:54,539 {\an7}THOUSANDS OF THE BIRDS LIVE HERE IN RELATIVE PEACE, 525 00:37:54,572 --> 00:37:57,475 {\an7}SINCE THERE ARE FEW \hNATURAL PREDATORS. 526 00:37:57,509 --> 00:38:02,047 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 527 00:38:02,080 --> 00:38:03,081 {\an7}[SQUIRT] 528 00:38:04,349 --> 00:38:08,987 {\an7}FOR THEM, PARENTHOOD \hIS A TEAM EFFORT. 529 00:38:09,020 --> 00:38:12,290 {\an7}MALES HUNT FOR ROCKS \h\hTO BUILD NESTS. 530 00:38:12,323 --> 00:38:20,665 {\an7}♪ 531 00:38:20,698 --> 00:38:24,202 {\an7}\hTHEY CAREFULLY CONSTRUCT CIRCULAR STONE ENCLOSURES 532 00:38:24,235 --> 00:38:27,138 {\an7}\hTO PROTECT EGGS FROM THE ELEMENTS. 533 00:38:27,172 --> 00:38:34,446 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 534 00:38:34,479 --> 00:38:42,387 {\an7}♪ 535 00:38:42,420 --> 00:38:44,322 {\an7}WHEN FEMALES ARRIVE, 536 00:38:44,355 --> 00:38:48,292 {\an7}\hTHE PARENTS WILL TAKE TURNS KEEPING THEIR OFFSPRING WARM. 537 00:38:52,030 --> 00:38:53,465 {\an7}IN THEIR OFF HOURS, 538 00:38:53,498 --> 00:38:56,701 {\an7}\h\hTHESE PENGUINS PLUNGE INTO THE 30-DEGREE WATERS 539 00:38:56,734 --> 00:38:59,003 {\an7}TO FISH FOR KRILL. 540 00:38:59,037 --> 00:39:03,141 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 541 00:39:03,174 --> 00:39:07,145 {\an7}♪ 542 00:39:07,178 --> 00:39:09,313 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hTHEY WITHSTAND THE FREEZING TEMPERATURES 543 00:39:09,347 --> 00:39:11,449 {\an7}THANKS TO TIGHTLY PACKED \h\h\h\h\h\h\hFEATHERS, 544 00:39:11,482 --> 00:39:14,785 {\an7}\h\hWHICH PROVIDE A WATERPROOF COAT, 545 00:39:14,819 --> 00:39:17,121 {\an7}ALONG WITH PLENTY OF BLUBBER. 546 00:39:17,155 --> 00:39:21,559 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 547 00:39:21,593 --> 00:39:26,398 {\an7}\h\h\hWHEN BREEDING SEASON ENDS, THE PAIRS HEAD BACK OUT TO SEA. 548 00:39:32,203 --> 00:39:34,605 {\an7}\hON THE SOUTHERN END OF THE SOUTH SHETLANDS 549 00:39:34,639 --> 00:39:36,407 {\an7}IS DECEPTION ISLAND, 550 00:39:36,441 --> 00:39:39,778 {\an7}NAMED FOR ITS DECEPTIVE HARBOR. 551 00:39:39,811 --> 00:39:42,681 {\an7}\h\h\h\hTHE HORSESHOE SHAPE CREATES AN UNEXPECTED HAVEN 552 00:39:42,714 --> 00:39:46,184 {\an7}IN THE HARSH ENVIRONMENT. 553 00:39:46,217 --> 00:39:50,988 {\an7}THE ENTIRE ISLAND IS THE CALDERA OF AN ACTIVE VOLCANO. 554 00:39:57,161 --> 00:39:59,563 {\an7}AROUND DECEPTION, COLD AIR COLLIDES 555 00:39:59,597 --> 00:40:02,066 {\an7}WITH THE WARMTH OF THE ISLAND-- 556 00:40:02,100 --> 00:40:04,703 {\an7}CREATING A LOW-HANGING MIST. 557 00:40:04,736 --> 00:40:14,179 {\an7}♪ 558 00:40:14,212 --> 00:40:18,183 {\an7}THIS IS A PLACE OF CONTRASTS. 559 00:40:18,216 --> 00:40:21,519 {\an7}SNOW DOTS RED VOLCANIC ASH 560 00:40:21,552 --> 00:40:25,456 {\an7}FROM A MASSIVE ERUPTION AROUND 10,000 YEARS AGO. 561 00:40:28,092 --> 00:40:31,562 {\an7}\hFREEZING WATER LAPS ON BLACK LAVA BEACHES, 562 00:40:31,596 --> 00:40:34,732 {\an7}\h\h\hWHERE WILDLIFE WAS ONCE WIPED OUT. 563 00:40:42,573 --> 00:40:45,076 {\an7}AND AMID THE SNOW AND ICE, 564 00:40:45,109 --> 00:40:49,547 {\an7}THE EARTH BELOW IS SO HOT, \h\h\h\h\hIT BOILS WATER. 565 00:40:57,355 --> 00:41:02,760 {\an7}\hIN 1906, WHALERS ESTABLISHED A BLEAK OUTPOST ON DECEPTION. 566 00:41:06,230 --> 00:41:10,267 {\an7}WHALING WAS A WORLDWIDE INDUSTRY THROUGH THE 19th CENTURY. 567 00:41:14,205 --> 00:41:18,242 {\an7}HERE, WHALERS BUILT MASSIVE IRON BOILERS 568 00:41:18,276 --> 00:41:21,212 {\an7}TO EXTRACT OIL FROM THE ANIMALS. 569 00:41:21,245 --> 00:41:26,650 {\an7}♪ 570 00:41:26,684 --> 00:41:29,520 {\an7}\h\h\h\hTHE BLEACHED BONES OF THE WHALES THEY HUNTED 571 00:41:29,554 --> 00:41:32,690 {\an7}STILL LITTER THE GROUND. 572 00:41:32,724 --> 00:41:36,194 {\an7}[WARBLING] 573 00:41:45,603 --> 00:41:49,674 {\an7}♪ 574 00:41:49,707 --> 00:41:54,345 {\an7}TODAY, ALL OF ANTARCTICA IS A WHALE SANCTUARY... 575 00:41:54,379 --> 00:41:55,614 {\an7}[WHOOSH] 576 00:41:55,646 --> 00:41:58,682 {\an7}AND A FEEDING GROUND FOR HUMPBACK WHALES. 577 00:41:58,716 --> 00:42:05,656 {\an7}[WHALES MOANING] 578 00:42:08,159 --> 00:42:11,295 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hEVERY YEAR, THEY TRAVEL 3,000 MILES 579 00:42:11,329 --> 00:42:15,500 {\an7}FROM THEIR CALVING GROUNDS 580 00:42:15,533 --> 00:42:18,403 {\an7}TO FEAST IN THESE RICH WATERS. 581 00:42:20,405 --> 00:42:23,408 {\an7}[SQUEALING] 582 00:42:27,078 --> 00:42:29,013 {\an7}[MOANING] 583 00:42:29,814 --> 00:42:31,983 {\an7}[SQUEAKING] 584 00:42:32,016 --> 00:42:35,386 {\an7}IT’S ONE OF THE LONGEST JOURNEYS ON EARTH 585 00:42:35,420 --> 00:42:38,290 {\an7}FOR ONE OF EARTH’S \hLARGEST MAMMALS. 586 00:42:38,322 --> 00:42:41,559 {\an7}♪ 587 00:42:41,592 --> 00:42:43,594 {\an7}[SQUEALING] 588 00:42:43,628 --> 00:42:57,175 {\an7}♪ 589 00:42:57,208 --> 00:43:01,479 {\an7}FROM NORTH TO SOUTH, THE ISLANDS SCATTERED DOWN THE ATLANTIC 590 00:43:01,512 --> 00:43:06,283 {\an7}\hGIVE US A GLIMPSE OF EARTH UNPLUGGED. 591 00:43:06,317 --> 00:43:10,321 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 592 00:43:10,354 --> 00:43:14,358 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\hTHESE REMOTE SPOTS ARE SAFE HAVENS FOR SOME SPECIES... 593 00:43:17,428 --> 00:43:21,399 {\an7}AND TESTING GROUNDS FOR OTHERS. 594 00:43:21,432 --> 00:43:25,369 {\an7}THEY OFFER WINDOWS INTO EVOLUTION... 595 00:43:25,403 --> 00:43:28,406 {\an7}AND SPACES FOR SCIENTIFIC STUDY. 596 00:43:30,007 --> 00:43:33,644 {\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hTHE FORCES OF NATURE WILL CONTINUE TO PUSH AND PULL. 597 00:43:33,678 --> 00:43:38,416 {\an7}[RUMBLING] 598 00:43:38,449 --> 00:43:40,418 {\an7}[SQUAWKING] 599 00:43:40,451 --> 00:43:44,355 {\an7}AND THESE EIGHT ISLANDS \hWILL REMAIN ELUSIVE... 600 00:43:44,388 --> 00:43:48,225 {\an7}SPECKS OF LAND... 601 00:43:48,259 --> 00:43:51,195 {\an7}IN THE WILD ATLANTIC OCEAN. 602 00:43:51,229 --> 00:43:59,137 {\an7}♪