(electronic whirring) (heartbeat thuds)
Recently, science has been revealing
remarkable new insights into the human body.
There is a vast web of information networks
just like the internet within our bodies
where our various internal organs
are communicating directly with one another
through the exchanging of messages.
It seems that these communications
are also deeply involved in the processes
that take place in the very early stages of our lives.
(baby coos)
How exactly does such a complex, elaborate
system develop from just one tiny fertilized egg?
This may be one of the biggest questions
that scientists the world over have been trying to answer.
Cutting edge research has been shedding light
on some incredibly mechanisms buried
deep within the fertilized egg.
And the key players are the signaling molecules
that are being used by our cells
to communicate with one another.
It's now understood that key messaging
molecules are released at different stages
so that our organs can start taking shape on their own.
I think the surprise for me was the amazing
degree to which the cells sort of know what to do.
They're constantly communicating with one another
and instructing them what to become.
Moreover, these exchanges can have
a substantial impact on the mother's womb, too.
So, part of the placental cells seek out
the mother's blood vessels and invade the walls.
In the struggle to survive, the unborn
baby reacts in astonishing ways.
The veil is finally being lifted
on what had been completely unknown before,
the incredible dramas of life before birth.
Join us to witness this incredible story.
(hopeful instrumental music)
(wind whooshing)
December 2016.
We're going to follow a couple having
a child from the earliest stage of the pregnancy,
the Matsunagas, Atsushi and Megumi.
They were married three years ago.
As Megumi had to have surgery for uterine
fibroids in the past, they have
been having trouble conceiving.
(speaking in foreign language)
And a gynecological exam revealed further obstacles.
(soft instrumental music)
(speaking in foreign language)
I was told that
my egg cell count was very low.
They recommended we conceive within three years.
(speaking in foreign language)
In order to make the most
of the narrow window for conceiving,
the Matsunagas made a decision.
(speaking in foreign language)
We're going to try IVF.
IVF is for in vitro fertilization.
It means Megumi's egg is fertilized
with Atsushi's sperm in a Petri dish.
This is a clip of that very moment.
On the bottom left of the screen is a sperm cell.
It's advancing toward the egg cell.
It makes contact.
But this is just the beginning.
Two round objects have appeared.
These are cell nuclei, each containing
the genes of the mother and father.
The genes that were packed into the head
of the sperm cell balloon outward,
and then the contents of the two nuclei suddenly vanish.
It is at this very moment that a new life begins.
(gentle instrumental music)
This miraculous moment was captured using
a special microscopy technique.
Let's take a look at this breakthrough footage,
the first of its kind to be broadcast.
This is the very moment the two nuclei vanish.
The individual chromosomes containing genetic
information are clearly visible.
They're now gathering together,
and the genes of the mother and
father merge to create a new life.
Two hours later, the egg begins the cell division process.
Over five days, the number of cells grows to around 100.
After this, it's time for implantation.
(suspenseful instrumental music)
The fertilized egg has been
returned to Megumi Matsunaga's womb.
Now comes the most challenging part of the process.
Will the fertilized egg implant
itself properly in the uterus wall?
Fertilized naturally or in vitro,
an egg must implant itself
for the pregnancy to be successful.
In clearing this difficult stage,
a signaling molecule comes into play in the womb,
and the change it triggers is dramatic.
So what happens here?
This decisive moment was captured by this
scientist and was a world first.
Dr. Ali Brivanlou specializes in the
study of the fertilized human egg.
We have never seen this before,
because, again, it's impossible to have
access to this biological material,
especially knowing that women don't
know, even, that they are pregnant.
Dr. Brivanlou creates an environment
like the uterus in a Petri dish.
Then he observes the fertilized egg after implantation.
A substance shown here in yellow
begins to pour out from around it.
Over a period of days, it keeps increasing.
(electronic bubbling)
This is a molecule called HCG.
The egg uses it to send the mother's body
its first messages, saying I'm here.
This message plays a crucial role
in the egg taking root in the uterus.
The egg implants itself to the wall of the uterus,
but without intervention, the next menstrual
cycle would flush it out of the body.
So the egg releases a signaling molecule, HCG.
It enters the mother's bloodstream
and acts on the ovaries and other organs.
This blocks the next menstrual cycle
and instead causes the wall of the uterus to thicken.
The egg then becomes firmly entrenched.
The baby egg calls out and the mother's body answers.
That's what the implantation process is.
These cells are those who are gonna be
talking to the maternal cells to establish
all the inductive interactions and
communications that are required.
(speaking in foreign language)
It's been three weeks
since the fertilized egg was
returned to Megumi Matsunaga's womb.
(speaking in foreign language)
She visits the doctors to find out
whether it has taken root properly in the womb.
Only one in three IVF treatments is
successful on the first try.
Here are the results of her blood test.
They show a large amount of the molecule HCG.
(suspenseful instrumental music)
The one that the baby uses to signal I'm here.
The fertilized egg cell has been firmly
established in the soft tissue
of the thickened uterine wall.
Inside Megumi Matsunaga's womb,
a fetus has begun its journey.
And this is only just the beginning.
There's still a lot of work to be done.
(gentle instrumental music)
Our bodies are made up from many different kinds of cells.
They come in all shapes and sizes.
Stomach cells, gut cells.
We live and breathe because of these cells
working away inside our organs.
But all these different cells have
actually come from the division
of just one fertilized egg.
So how exactly was such a thing possible?
(light instrumental music)
We now have the answer.
Quietly, behind the scenes, our
cells are sending messages to each other.
(playful instrumental music)
(electronic whirring)
Baby.
This is Kenneth Chien, a world leading expert
in the field of regenerative medicine.
For the research into the beginnings of life,
specific types of cells are now available.
The major advantage, advance, of course
was the discovery not only of human
embryonic stem cells, but human IPS cells, of course.
Dr. Yamanaka in Japan was the pioneer in this area
and this has had a transformative effect in our field.
Previously, researchers in
this field could only use embryonic
stem cells, or ES cells in short.
ES cells are based on cells that
have been extracted from a fertilized egg.
And that is why it has the natural power
to transform itself into any cell.
Dr. Shinya Yamanaka in Japan was the first scientist
who had succeeded in developing induced pluripotent
stem cells, or IPS cells in short
by adding special genes to common
types of cells like adult skin cells
and growing them in a cell culture,
the cells with pluripotency can be produced.
They are able to transform into any
cell in the human body just like ES cells.
By using these two types of stem cells,
that is, ES cells and IPS cells,
researchers are now able to observe
the process of how organs are formed
from a single cell in a Petri dish.
At Chien's lab, ES cells are used to observe
the formation of one organ almost every day.
Here, the researcher adds a certain
signaling molecule to an ES cell.
It's called WNT.
WNT molecules are present in large
quantities in dividing eggs.
After one week (speaks in foreign language)
Part of the cell is starting to pulse.
(gentle instrumental music) Two days later,
large ripples move across the flattened cell.
(woman singing)
This is the very beginning of a human heart.
You can take an embryonic stem cell,
they can become any cell, and then
instruct it to specifically, almost
entirely become human beating ventricular muscle.
This is an exciting event, and those
instructions generally are going to be,
I believe, signals that come and tell
the cell to go in one direction or another.
The first organ to form is the heart.
What do you think comes next?
A possible answer to that question
presented itself right in front of our cameras.
Dr. Takanori Takebe is a researcher who is making
waves in the scientific world.
He uses IPS cells.
He has successfully induced them to turn
into cells of some different types of organs.
Today he is observing heart cells made from human IPS cells.
Right next to the pulsing heart tissue,
something quite different has appeared.
(mysterious instrumental music)
Further examination confirms that
it's made up of liver cells.
The heart cells stimulate neighboring
cells to become liver cells.
The heart cells are sending out signaling
molecules with the message become the liver.
And when these messages are picked up
by the neighboring cells, they form into the liver.
It's becoming clearer that as these molecules
are exchanged back and forth in an increasingly
complex manner, organs like the lungs and pancreas
are then created one after the other.
The human body is
never building just one organ.
Various organs which are close to each other
or far apart are all communicating.
But questions still remain, such as
after a certain type of cells are produced,
how do they grow into an organ with a
very complex internal structure?
These are the laboratories of a globally-known
German medical technology company.
Hello. -: Hello, hello.
Welcome. Dr. Klaus Engel
is a specialist in visualizing the
world inside the human body. Thank you
so much for what you've done for our program.
These intriguing images
show the body as if we were looking straight through it.
Enormous amounts of imaging data
of a patient's entire body is used.
It's hard to identify which part of the body
each image comes from to untrained eyes.
Dr. Engel combines these images in 3D
and uses a special technique to add color.
Once this is done, photo-realistic images come to life.
These remarkable visuals have been created
from real medical data from the human body.
This is the heart.
And this here shows large blood vessels inside the brain.
Let's take a look inside an organ.
This is inside a lung.
The human bronchial tubes are very complex structures.
They split again and again over 20 times
as they branch out into smaller, thinner airways.
So how do such internally intricate organs get created?
There's a researcher in Japan who's been trying
to get to grips with this mystery.
This is Dr. Takashi Miura of Kyushu University.
He has been exploring how bronchial tubes
develop using computer simulations.
Previously, bronchial tubes were thought
to start branching out just by receiving
a positive instruction, stretch, from neighboring cells.
However, he found that just with this message
to urge tracts to stretch out, it's
quite hard to complete the process
of creating the whole branching system.
To make the branching effects take place,
he needed to build up an extremely complicated
computer program, so Dr. Miura
decided to try something else.
Along with the message stretch out,
he introduced another message in his
simulations and saw what would happen.
This second message was a negative one.
Won't stretch.
When he ran the simulation again
using these contradictory messages
to make counterregulatory actions
happen, he discovered that even a very
simple program was able to initiate
the branching effect and successfully
recreate the structure of the bronchial tubes.
(man speaking in foreign language)
As signals are exchanged,
rules are made about shapes, and
these branches form by themselves.
Even a very simple two-way interaction
can result in a structure like this.
It's now been two
months into Megumi Matsunaga's pregnancy.
Within Megumi's womb, too, this
communication is taking place.
At this point, the baby is only three millimeters in size.
But already,
Only a few weeks into pregnancy,
the first organ to form, the heart, begins to beat.
This is the starting point of a domino effect
forming the full lineup of organs.
Signaling molecules are flying everywhere
within the developing body of the baby.
We can now see the arms and legs.
Once again, this is the work of signaling molecules.
Meanwhile, what's happening inside the baby's body?
(gentle instrumental music)
Fast forward another two months,
and you can see other organs at the area around the heart.
The liver is directly below it.
The lungs and intestines have also been formed.
The stomach appears in black,
being filled with amniotic fluid.
Research has revealed that an assortment
of different signaling molecules are released
one after the other, causing cascading reactions
and leading to the formation of our organs by themselves.
The timings and the amount our cells release
such molecules seem to be very precisely adjusted.
In the womb of the mother, an
extraordinary mechanism is unfolding.
This knowledge gives us an entirely new
perspective into the story of our life before birth.
The baby growing inside Megumi's womb
is only just halfway through its journey
since starting out as a fertilized egg.
A big task waits for both of them around the corner.
And the next task is growth in size.
(upbeat instrumental music)
If a fertilized egg were the same size
as an apple, about 10 centimeters across,
how big would a newborn baby be?
The baby would be 500 meters tall,
higher than the Empire State building.
A baby's growth over nine months is quite extraordinary.
This rapid growth is supported by something crucial.
That's the placenta, the area where the
tip of the baby's umbilical cord
connects with the mother's womb.
The placenta is part of the baby's
body, so it also has developed
from that single fertilized egg cell.
It's an organ where the baby receives
oxygen and nutrients essential to its growth.
Let's take a look to see what's happening inside.
Inside the placenta are tree-like structures.
We'll call them the baby's branches.
The baby's blood vessels run through these structures.
This is the frontier of the baby's own body.
Above is the wall of the mother's womb.
The holes that can be seen are openings
that connect to blood vessels of the mother's body.
We'll call them windows of riches.
The baby's branches absorb nutrients
from blood flowing from the mother.
Oxygen is also absorbed indirectly through the branches.
When red blood cells collide with them,
the branches strip away the oxygen the cells are carrying.
The mother also sends out messages,
our old friends, the signaling molecules.
In response to the mother's stretch out
messages, the baby's branches are encouraged to spread out.
More oxygen and nutrients then become available,
allowing the baby's continued growth.
Cutting edge research has been revealing
more and more of these signaling molecules
which are at work inside the placenta.
Detailed genetic analyses are now
helping us create a complete picture
of molecules being exchanged in the placenta.
So what we see is interesting.
It's a lot of crosstalk going from both sides,
so the maternal and fetal sides
communicate a lot from the mom to the fetus,
as well as, of course, a lot of signals
also coming back on the other side,
from the fetus to the maternal side.
Staggering.
Over 100 signaling molecules have been discovered so far.
Scientists have been trying to decipher their functions,
and they discovered that one of them has the power
to dramatically sway the baby's growth.
This molecule causes startling
changes inside the mother's womb.
Megumi Matsunaga is entering her fourth month of pregnancy.
How are you feeling? -: The
morning sickness is pretty bad.
I'm throwing up anything I eat and I can't keep fluids down.
It will be about a month
until her condition stabilizes.
During this period, every mother would
be wondering if her baby is growing and doing well.
Now, the baby is about 10 centimeters long,
and inside the baby's head,
the cerebrum is the part that
looks like a thin casing around the brain.
There's a big gap between it and the core of the brain.
There is still much growth ahead
for the brain and other organs.
At this stage, something astonishing
is happening inside the womb.
To carry the baby, the mother's body literally bears pain.
And the pain comes from the baby's branches.
Dr. Susan Fisher is the one who shed light on this process.
Her research focused on those windows of riches,
the openings where blood vessels
form an outlet into the womb.
These are electron microscope images of windows of riches.
On the left is early stage pregnancy.
On the right is from the mid-stage.
It may not look much different, but when
we show them at the same scale
of magnification, the difference becomes clear.
The opening on the right is 10 times bigger.
Further investigations revealed a remarkable phenomenon.
(gentle instrumental music)
As the window of riches expands,
cells, slightly different from the
surrounding ones, start appearing.
They are shown here in yellow.
Let's take a further look in closeup.
(object squeaks and whooshes)
These cells, in fact, come from the baby.
These type of cells are normally
found in the baby's branches.
But they are now gathering in the wall
of the mother's womb in large numbers.
So part of the placental cells
have specialized molecular homing
devices to be able to seek out the mother's
blood vessels and invade the walls.
In the mother's womb, such a dramatic
event takes place, which will then
spur the growth of the baby.
Let's take a look at that pivotal moment.
We are inside the placenta of the fetus in its fourth month.
The baby's branches have grown so large
they are now more like baby's trees.
They have spread out an impressive crowd of branches.
However, the branches have turned slightly black.
(soft instrumental music)
As the baby grows larger, the mother's
blood supply can no longer deliver
enough nutrients and oxygen.
Without an adequate supply, the baby
will no longer be able to grow.
There's a severe bottleneck.
But then, something starts being released by the branches.
It's a signaling molecule called PGF.
It sends the message I need to grow bigger.
The message is received by the mother's uterus.
Then, in response,
(object whistling)
(water whooshing) The
windows of riches open wider, allowing
a larger volume of blood to flow.
But this big event isn't over yet.
The tips of the branches reach out even
further, right to the uterine wall.
Cells from the baby's branches
penetrate the wall of the uterus,
and it reappears on the inside of the window of riches.
The cells shoulder their way through the walls
of the window and then the walls of the blood vessel crumble
to create a larger for the parental pipeline.
Now, huge amounts of blood wash over the baby's branches.
This is such an aggressive event,
but necessary to release a life-giving shower.
Part of the mother's body is literally torn open.
The baby's branches can now absorb
plenty of oxygen and nutrients.
They pass it through the umbilical cord to the fetus,
and this enables the fetus to grow much larger.
This bleeding change should also be happening
inside Megumi's body to protect her baby,
but Megumi has been worrying about something.
It's to do with surgery that she
had before she became pregnant.
(speaking in foreign language)
There were over 10 uterine fibroids,
so there was even talk about a hysterectomy.
So when I was told that I might not
be able to have children, that was so tough.
Megumi managed to avoid hysterectomy,
but the surgery to remove the fibroids
resulted in a much thinner uterine wall.
So she had been worried whether her womb
was able to keep supplying large amounts
of blood that the baby needed to grow.
They're going to check the blood flow to the placenta.
Megumi's womb had been supplying
large volumes of blood to the baby.
As a result, the baby has grown considerably.
(gentle instrumental music) An area
that was an empty space at the last scan
is now filled with brain cells.
The due date is now just one month away.
(waves crashing)
The baby's brain is growing and
developing inside the mother's body.
When you compare the size of a baby's
brain with an animal who shares our ancestry,
like a newborn chimpanzee, the human
baby's brain is three times larger.
Our large brains have always been
the driving force behind us, helping
us build advanced societies and prosper so much.
And what have helped our brains' highly sophisticated
workings are those signaling molecules.
In our brains, too, they are acting
in a complex and amazingly elaborate way.
The effect is no less remarkable
than the miracles of the beginning of life.
Now, another stunning world is about to be revealed.
To make the brain's work visible,
Naoki Matayoshi, well-known Japanese comedian
and writer, was invited to take part in an experiment.
(speaking in foreign language)
(laughing)
Naoki's sketches and books have been hugely popular
in his country, full of fresh and unique ideas.
(upbeat instrumental music)
First, to find out what the brain actually looks like.
The world's most advanced MRI scanner is revealing
an intriguing, bushy structure hidden
under the brain's wrinkly exterior.
The wire-like tendrils you can see are bundles of neurons.
Electrical impulses criss-cross the
brain along these neural pathways.
How exactly does the brain use this intricate network?
(heels clacking)
Here's an example.
When Naoki sees the face of someone he knows on the street,
(clock ticking)
electrical signals flash through the bundles
of neurons like lightning bolts.
Let's watch it in slow motion.
The marvel of a brain in action.
The first part of the brain to respond is the visual cortex.
It handles input from the eyes.
In just 0.2 seconds, the signal
propagates through the entire brain.
The visual cortex renders a basic
outline of objects seen by the eyes.
(neuron pinging)
It can be described as something like this.
You can't be sure who it is yet.
The signals then travel to a location
called the fusiform face area.
It's thought that face recognition takes place here.
Now the brain knows who it is.
Then the signal travels to the prefrontal cortex.
This is where the emotion associated
with recognizing a face is controlled.
All this processing takes place
in just two tenths of a second.
It really does happen in a flash.
A split-second electric impulse.
But how does the signal travel so quickly?
Now we'll dive into the brain at the microscopic level
and see how elaborate this network is.
This is part of Naoki's neural network.
These wire-like structures are neurons.
Long, thin, string-shaped nerve cells
relay electrical impulses to each other.
Let's zoom in even closer.
There's a tiny gap between the ends of the neurons.
Why doesn't this interrupt the passing of electric impulses?
When the electrical impulse arrives
at the end of one neuron, (object crashes)
a cloud of tiny particles is released.
This substance is called Glutamic acid,
and it's also a signaling molecule.
And the message they carry is fire an electric impulse.
When these signaling molecules are
received by the neighboring cell,
another electric impulse fires up.
Between cells, signals are not being transmitted
by electric impulses, but by chemical messages.
The time it takes to pass along this chemical
message is just one ten-thousandth of a second.
From electrical impulse to chemical
message and then back again.
That's how the signal is passed from neuron to neuron.
(soft instrumental music)
But why is it necessary for chemical
messages to be involved at all?
(chemicals whooshing)
(funky instrumental music) (bubbling)
The brain actually uses dozens
of different signaling molecules,
and they can create variations in how
these electrical signals are transmitted.
For example, if Naoki sees a beautiful woman,
a particular type of signaling molecule
inside the brain shoots off in a big burst.
It says send electrical signals now.
Together, this makes the neurons more active.
Boosted signals are propelled widely throughout the brain.
Then, that person's face is strongly imprinted in memory.
This footage shows neurons furiously relaying impulses.
Each twinkling light here is a neuron.
Among them flows a cascade of signaling chemicals.
Dozens of signaling molecules zoom around more
than 100 billion neurons, and in almost
infinite combinations, they interact,
and at times, form quite unique circuits.
This enables us to come up with new ideas.
Messaging molecules are key to our cutting
edge understanding of the complex and sophisticated
workings of the human brain, too.
(women laughing and chattering)
It's Megumi's delivery day.
(speaks in foreign language)
As Megumi had surgery for uterine fibroids
before her pregnancy, her baby will be
delivered by Cesarean section in order
to minimize any damage to her womb.
(monitors beeping)
An hour into the delivery, (baby cries)
(uplifting instrumental music)
The newborn's cries ring throughout the delivery room.
It's a very healthy girl.
The baby that had started out its life
as a tiny fertilized egg and cared
for preciously in her mother's womb.
It's nice to meet you, finally.
(baby crying)
(uplifting instrumental music)
(gentle instrumental music)
The beginning of life is full of wonder and awe.
The new knowledge about signaling molecules
involving fetus development has also led
to some revolutionary treatments
to save the lives of infants.
Landry Mullholland is 12 years old.
Hi, Landry. -: Can
I introduce you to a friend? She
suffers from an impaired function of her bladder,
intestines, gallbladder, and other organs.
She has a hard time being able to eat
'cause the nerves in her bowel, they don't squeeze.
Doctors think it may've
been due to disruptions in some signaling
molecules before she was born.
Right here you get an IV every
day where you get nutrition.
Can you show them?
So what's it like to get TPN?
Well, it's kinda weird, but it helps, so.
How long are you on TPN a day?
Landry has had numerous operations.
But recently, the condition of her liver started to worsen.
Liver tissues in -: Dr. Takanori
Takebe is now involved in her treatment.
As we saw earlier, he conducts research
on the process of organ development.
We can save you by your own liver tissues you can growing.
Watching a baby grow and develop and
That's cool. -: Kind of cool, isn't it?
Yeah. (laughing)
Thank you so much for meeting.
Thank you, so much nice meeting you.
Thank you for everything. -: My great pleasure.
Yours too. -: Alright, take care.
You too. -: Have a good day.
Dr. Takebe is devleoping
a treatment that uses IPS cells to create a mini liver.
The idea is that when it's placed
in the patient's ailing liver,
it will begin to help regenerate itself.
This is at the frontier of regenerative medicine
being tackled by researchers around the world.
But just making her liver cells is not enough.
He has to make liver tissue that functions as an organ.
The liver is a very complex organ.
(soft instrumental music) This
footage of living liver cells was
taken using an 8K microscope.
Visible in blue are liver cells.
The other cells around them in red are capillaries.
For the liver to function, it needs
this complex tissue structure.
But the structure is just too
challenging to be created artificially.
So Dr. Takebe's method is to simulate
what happens in the mother's uterus.
He uses IPS cells that are in the
process of changing into liver cells.
They are mixed with blood vessel
cells and supporting tissue cells.
This creates conditions similar to those
when the liver forms in the fetus.
Then, he cultures the cell mixture
in an environment that is similar to the mother's womb.
Dr. Takebe hopes that this will induce
the cells to send out signaling molecules
and trigger the process of building
the liver's complex structure.
After many experiments, the dispersed cells
begin clumping together on their own.
The product is a tiny liver, just a few millimeters in size,
with a network of blood vessels inside.
But will it function inside the living body?
The tiny livers were implanted
in mice with impaired liver function.
This operation dramatically increased their 30-day survival.
A miniature liver that functions
in an animal has been successfully created.
This is a world first.
In 2017, for the next step toward treating people,
Dr. Takebe launched a lab that can
mass-produce these mini livers.
He hopes to start human trials
in 2020 on children suffering from serious liver diseases.
(speaking in foreign language)
The purpose of our research is to save
the lives of children like Landry.
I hope we will find a cure for them using these mini livers.
I expect that this method will become
available for clinical use in the very near future.
Researchers around the globe are working
rapidly to create these artificial organs called organoids.
These are stomach organoids,
and these are intestine organoids.
Here is a stomach
organoid that releases stomach acids.
And this intestinal organoid is showing
an involuntary muscular wave-like movement
needed to pass food through the gut.
Even a kidney, known to be one of the
most complex organs in our body.
A part of its structure has now
been successfully created in a laboratory.
These organoid technology gives us a window
to understand each of these different organs,
and ultimately, it will be important to synthesize
all of this together to get a more complete
picture of the mysteries of the human body.
Precious, irreplaceable lives
continue to join us every day.
(baby crying)
Each one of us is the product of so many miracles.
You also started your journey
from just one fertilized egg.
This is where your story began.
One by one, as signaling molecules
are released, your various organs started forming.
And when you sent out messages to allow
you further growth in the womb, your
mother's body responded, continuing
to supply you with her riches.
(blood cells whooshing)
You are the result of the highly complex,
sophisticated workings of the human body.
Megumi Matsunaga's baby is now five months old.
(speaking in foreign language)
She is now three times her birth
weight and is getting bigger.
A remarkable exchange with microscopic
messages takes place between our internal organs
to sustain our lives in an unimaginably
elaborate and complex manner.
(speaking in foreign language)
As we gain further insights into our bodies'
inner networks, (inspirational music)
somehow, life feels more precious than ever.
(inspirational music)