1 00:00:29,696 --> 00:00:31,365 [narrator] After the death of his father, 2 00:00:31,448 --> 00:00:33,330 Marcus Aurelius... 3 00:00:34,201 --> 00:00:36,662 Commodus has ended the war in Germania 4 00:00:39,390 --> 00:00:42,376 and has returned home to take his father's place 5 00:00:42,459 --> 00:00:45,870 as Emperor of the Roman Empire. 6 00:00:46,964 --> 00:00:48,900 [clapping] 7 00:01:04,773 --> 00:01:06,608 [announcer] People of Rome... 8 00:01:06,692 --> 00:01:08,610 All hail your Emperor! 9 00:01:09,403 --> 00:01:14,950 Marcus Aurelius Commodus Antonius Augustus! 10 00:01:25,430 --> 00:01:27,129 ♪♪ 11 00:02:13,383 --> 00:02:15,886 [narrator] But while the people celebrate the new ruler, 12 00:02:17,304 --> 00:02:20,599 not all are content to see Commodus rise to power. 13 00:02:29,858 --> 00:02:32,694 [theme music playing] 14 00:04:04,244 --> 00:04:06,872 White? Or red? 15 00:04:09,917 --> 00:04:10,959 You decide. 16 00:04:14,296 --> 00:04:16,757 [narrator] As the daughter of Marcus Aurelius, 17 00:04:16,840 --> 00:04:19,927 Lucilla has been prepared for a life of influence. 18 00:04:21,970 --> 00:04:23,764 But as her brother takes the throne, 19 00:04:24,681 --> 00:04:27,226 she begins to manipulate members of the senate... 20 00:04:28,435 --> 00:04:31,104 looking for ways to regain her power. 21 00:04:32,648 --> 00:04:34,316 Such a strong man.... 22 00:04:36,318 --> 00:04:39,363 I wonder if you will show the same strength in the Senate... 23 00:04:40,697 --> 00:04:41,907 with my brother. 24 00:04:43,742 --> 00:04:48,288 The Senate isn't worried about Commodus and neither should you be. 25 00:04:48,372 --> 00:04:50,249 That doesn't sound like much of a plan. 26 00:04:51,166 --> 00:04:54,670 The Emperor's inexperience is the only plan we need. 27 00:04:55,254 --> 00:05:00,509 He's a boy out of his depth. A boy who will do anything we wish. 28 00:05:03,530 --> 00:05:04,388 Such confidence. 29 00:05:04,972 --> 00:05:06,473 But I wonder... 30 00:05:07,558 --> 00:05:10,600 Who will do as I wish? 31 00:05:20,280 --> 00:05:21,780 [Prof. Corey Brennan] It's hard to figure out what's going on 32 00:05:21,864 --> 00:05:23,490 in the head of Lucilla. 33 00:05:24,783 --> 00:05:26,760 Oddly enough, 34 00:05:26,159 --> 00:05:32,400 she seems to have thought that, as Commodus's elder sister, 35 00:05:33,208 --> 00:05:35,919 that she had a better claim on the throne than Commodus. 36 00:05:37,379 --> 00:05:42,676 And so Lucilla put together a very high-level conspiracy against him. 37 00:06:16,710 --> 00:06:19,546 [narrator] As Lucilla begins to plot against her brother, 38 00:06:20,714 --> 00:06:24,635 the responsibility of the throne starts to weigh on the new emperor. 39 00:06:28,960 --> 00:06:29,806 Do not be so hard on yourself. 40 00:06:33,101 --> 00:06:35,187 No man can please all men. 41 00:06:37,564 --> 00:06:38,732 My father could. 42 00:06:42,194 --> 00:06:43,904 You are not your father. 43 00:06:44,696 --> 00:06:45,989 You're Commodus. 44 00:06:54,289 --> 00:06:55,749 [Prof. Aaron Irvin] And we have to imagine 45 00:06:55,832 --> 00:06:59,711 the pressures that that would have placed upon a young Commodus. 46 00:07:01,839 --> 00:07:04,299 That he would have to have earned this position. 47 00:07:05,175 --> 00:07:07,386 He had to become the best Roman. 48 00:07:08,530 --> 00:07:11,139 He had to prove himself to be the best man for the job. 49 00:07:14,184 --> 00:07:20,107 He had to fulfill this immense ideological burden 50 00:07:20,190 --> 00:07:22,442 that the emperor had to bear 51 00:07:22,526 --> 00:07:27,300 in order to operate, in order to make sure everything functioned correctly. 52 00:07:50,387 --> 00:07:54,141 [narrator] The crowning of an emperor marks a new era for Rome, 53 00:07:55,475 --> 00:07:58,562 and Commodus believes that to carry on his father's legacy 54 00:07:59,620 --> 00:08:00,772 and make a mark of his own... 55 00:08:04,610 --> 00:08:07,529 he'll need to gain the support of the Empire... 56 00:08:09,310 --> 00:08:12,117 starting with the military. 57 00:08:23,795 --> 00:08:26,480 [Prof. Clifford Ando] When an emperor arrived on the throne, 58 00:08:26,131 --> 00:08:29,593 he gave the entire army a gift. 59 00:08:31,845 --> 00:08:32,930 Sometimes very small, 60 00:08:33,130 --> 00:08:35,474 sometimes equal to a significant percentage 61 00:08:35,557 --> 00:08:37,142 of an entire year's pay. 62 00:08:41,438 --> 00:08:44,233 It was announced that what he was doing was thanking them for their loyalty. 63 00:08:45,670 --> 00:08:46,260 And, of course, at some level 64 00:08:46,109 --> 00:08:49,196 what he was doing was actually purchasing that loyalty going forward. 65 00:08:52,950 --> 00:08:54,243 [narrator] For centuries, 66 00:08:54,326 --> 00:08:58,413 emperors have given gifts to their soldiers returning from war... 67 00:09:00,916 --> 00:09:03,877 in the form of money, slaves... 68 00:09:06,672 --> 00:09:11,134 and land from conquered regions in an effort to keep their support. 69 00:09:15,597 --> 00:09:16,598 For Commodus, 70 00:09:16,682 --> 00:09:18,976 winning the favor of the military 71 00:09:19,590 --> 00:09:23,630 is the first step in securing the support of the Empire. 72 00:09:23,939 --> 00:09:26,608 But before he can give the military its payment, 73 00:09:28,260 --> 00:09:32,114 he knows he'll have to convince the Senate to back his plan. 74 00:09:46,503 --> 00:09:48,589 For the first time in generations, 75 00:09:50,591 --> 00:09:52,900 we are at peace. 76 00:09:53,427 --> 00:09:55,929 So I think those who lay their lives on the line for Rome 77 00:09:56,471 --> 00:09:58,640 deserve far more than simply our gratitude. 78 00:09:59,349 --> 00:10:00,184 Thank you. 79 00:10:06,690 --> 00:10:07,941 [Dio] Emperor... 80 00:10:08,250 --> 00:10:10,694 -I could not agree more. -An excellent idea. 81 00:10:10,777 --> 00:10:14,531 It's the right thing to do, and precisely the right time to do it. 82 00:10:14,615 --> 00:10:16,408 Your support means a lot to me. 83 00:10:17,451 --> 00:10:18,911 Emperor, please. 84 00:10:19,453 --> 00:10:23,248 The legions have spent eight years of their lives in Germania. 85 00:10:23,749 --> 00:10:26,335 We, Rome, 86 00:10:26,418 --> 00:10:28,795 owe them an enormous debt. 87 00:10:30,880 --> 00:10:32,257 A gift of rich, fertile lands upon which to settle 88 00:10:32,341 --> 00:10:33,884 seems like the least the Empire can do. 89 00:10:33,967 --> 00:10:35,427 Exactly. Which is why I proposed-- 90 00:10:35,511 --> 00:10:38,847 [Quintianus] May I ask which areas you are considering? 91 00:10:39,640 --> 00:10:42,184 Etruria? Campania? Sardinia? 92 00:10:42,768 --> 00:10:44,353 Perhaps Macedonia? 93 00:10:45,812 --> 00:10:47,731 An excellent question, Senator. 94 00:10:48,232 --> 00:10:50,734 And to be honest, I haven't had the time to get into specifics. 95 00:10:50,817 --> 00:10:51,735 [Dio] And why would you? 96 00:10:52,319 --> 00:10:54,279 You have far more pressing concerns to attend to. 97 00:10:54,947 --> 00:10:56,865 [Quintianus] If I may, Emperor, 98 00:10:56,949 --> 00:10:59,243 offer the Senate's assistance in this matter? 99 00:11:00,244 --> 00:11:02,829 You have just made your triumphant return home. 100 00:11:04,581 --> 00:11:08,627 The process of assessing and allocating 101 00:11:08,710 --> 00:11:14,174 the most desirable plots of land in our vast empire... 102 00:11:15,800 --> 00:11:16,260 This takes time. 103 00:11:17,636 --> 00:11:20,722 Time better spent reacquainting yourself with Rome and... 104 00:11:21,265 --> 00:11:23,934 introducing yourself to your subjects. 105 00:11:25,185 --> 00:11:27,437 That's a very generous offer, Senator. 106 00:11:28,210 --> 00:11:31,984 Please. Your father was a great friend to the Senate. 107 00:11:32,901 --> 00:11:38,156 If it is within our power to make your transition to the throne smoother, 108 00:11:40,409 --> 00:11:42,244 it would be an honor. 109 00:11:48,876 --> 00:11:51,440 I gratefully accept your offer, Senator. 110 00:11:51,879 --> 00:11:53,714 This seems like something that can only benefit 111 00:11:53,797 --> 00:11:55,480 from the Senate's expertise. 112 00:11:55,132 --> 00:11:58,385 Exactly. We deal with this sort of thing every day. 113 00:11:58,468 --> 00:11:59,553 [chuckles] 114 00:12:00,512 --> 00:12:01,430 [Quintianus] Why... 115 00:12:02,264 --> 00:12:05,267 bother yourself with mundane administrative tasks? 116 00:12:05,350 --> 00:12:07,811 There will be much more of that in the months and years to come. 117 00:12:08,270 --> 00:12:09,229 [Commodus] Fine then. 118 00:12:09,313 --> 00:12:11,315 Keep me informed of any developments. 119 00:12:14,260 --> 00:12:15,819 Absolutely. You'll be the first to know. 120 00:12:21,158 --> 00:12:24,578 Your doubts were unfounded, Senator Dio. 121 00:12:25,704 --> 00:12:29,958 -The Emperor is a boy. -But he is still the Emperor. 122 00:12:35,339 --> 00:12:37,299 [narrator] Against the advice of the Senate, 123 00:12:38,500 --> 00:12:41,530 Commodus ended the war against the Germanic tribes, 124 00:12:42,513 --> 00:12:46,141 losing favor among some of Rome's most influential citizens... 125 00:12:51,855 --> 00:12:55,400 including a senator named Quintianus. 126 00:12:59,279 --> 00:13:00,697 With Lucilla's backing, 127 00:13:01,365 --> 00:13:05,202 the senator begins to lay the groundwork for his first play... 128 00:13:07,996 --> 00:13:13,460 believing he can undermine the Emperor if the Senate takes credit for the gifts. 129 00:13:18,507 --> 00:13:19,550 [Jeffrey Stevens] Senators, 130 00:13:19,633 --> 00:13:22,928 part of that aristocratic elite, could actually be a threat 131 00:13:23,110 --> 00:13:25,514 in certain circumstances to the Emperor. 132 00:13:27,349 --> 00:13:30,352 They had a bit more autonomy, a bit more wealth, 133 00:13:31,144 --> 00:13:34,606 and the familial background that some of them could compete 134 00:13:34,690 --> 00:13:39,361 in certain contexts with imperial power if the situation was just right. 135 00:13:41,113 --> 00:13:44,491 So they were not always trustworthy in that sense. 136 00:13:44,575 --> 00:13:47,160 ♪♪ 137 00:14:01,341 --> 00:14:02,259 Emperor... 138 00:14:09,349 --> 00:14:11,977 Saoterus and Cleander are here to see you. 139 00:14:19,693 --> 00:14:21,445 -Emperor... -[Commodus] What is it? 140 00:14:21,528 --> 00:14:22,446 This. 141 00:14:32,956 --> 00:14:36,543 "The Senate hereby announces a gift to the brave legions..." 142 00:14:38,962 --> 00:14:39,963 The Senate? 143 00:14:41,840 --> 00:14:42,799 Where did this come from? 144 00:14:42,883 --> 00:14:44,676 It was posted in the forum. 145 00:14:46,345 --> 00:14:47,888 This was my gift. 146 00:14:48,931 --> 00:14:50,724 My name is nowhere on here. 147 00:14:58,398 --> 00:14:59,942 They offer their assistance, 148 00:15:00,901 --> 00:15:01,735 and then they do this? 149 00:15:04,363 --> 00:15:07,741 Now my soldiers think their Emperor places no value on their service. 150 00:15:11,286 --> 00:15:12,996 That only the Senate honors them. 151 00:15:14,873 --> 00:15:16,208 I have to do something. 152 00:15:17,420 --> 00:15:18,710 I'll tell you what you do. 153 00:15:19,670 --> 00:15:22,890 Let the streets run red with their blood. 154 00:15:23,480 --> 00:15:25,759 Just tell me which ones, and I will see to it myself. 155 00:15:26,844 --> 00:15:28,950 If we kill them... 156 00:15:29,680 --> 00:15:30,764 Emperor. 157 00:15:31,390 --> 00:15:33,475 Punishing the Senate by spilling their blood 158 00:15:33,559 --> 00:15:34,935 would send a strong message, 159 00:15:35,180 --> 00:15:38,630 but the streets would be in turmoil. 160 00:15:38,814 --> 00:15:41,608 So soon after you have brought peace to the Empire. 161 00:15:41,692 --> 00:15:44,736 -It's the last thing the people want. -Who cares what the people want? 162 00:15:44,820 --> 00:15:46,280 I do. 163 00:15:46,363 --> 00:15:47,239 Emperor, I did not mean to say-- 164 00:15:47,322 --> 00:15:48,407 You're angry. 165 00:15:49,533 --> 00:15:50,659 We all are. 166 00:15:52,703 --> 00:15:54,370 Saoterus is right. 167 00:15:55,873 --> 00:15:57,416 We must settle this another way. 168 00:15:58,500 --> 00:16:00,669 -We must-- -We must stab them back, 169 00:16:01,170 --> 00:16:02,921 but not to draw blood. 170 00:16:06,341 --> 00:16:09,178 For what do Senators love more than life itself? 171 00:16:11,763 --> 00:16:12,764 Money. 172 00:16:14,990 --> 00:16:16,476 Then that's where you stick the knife. 173 00:16:19,479 --> 00:16:20,522 Good. 174 00:16:21,648 --> 00:16:23,817 Good. Come back in the morning. 175 00:16:28,300 --> 00:16:29,720 [narrator] For Commodus, 176 00:16:29,656 --> 00:16:33,368 the Senate's betrayal is a decisive move against his reign. 177 00:16:34,661 --> 00:16:36,997 And he knows to maintain his authority, 178 00:16:37,873 --> 00:16:40,375 he'll need to devise a counterattack. 179 00:16:41,919 --> 00:16:44,838 [Prof. Brennan] Essential for understanding Roman social relations 180 00:16:44,922 --> 00:16:47,466 is the whole idea of patron and client. 181 00:16:47,549 --> 00:16:50,520 So it was very, very important, in the case 182 00:16:50,135 --> 00:16:52,554 of these donatives to Roman soldiers, 183 00:16:52,638 --> 00:16:54,389 where was the source they were coming from? 184 00:16:54,473 --> 00:16:57,434 Was it coming from the Emperor or was it coming from the Senate itself? 185 00:17:05,192 --> 00:17:07,361 [Commodus] Finally, Gentlemen... 186 00:17:08,362 --> 00:17:10,822 I would just like to thank you for the assistance you gave 187 00:17:10,906 --> 00:17:12,908 in arranging my gift to the soldiers. 188 00:17:13,575 --> 00:17:15,369 Should you need anything else? 189 00:17:16,780 --> 00:17:18,956 I've been told that the lands you chose are some of the finest in the Empire. 190 00:17:19,540 --> 00:17:21,625 My soldiers are extremely grateful. 191 00:17:21,708 --> 00:17:23,293 That means everything to us. 192 00:17:24,920 --> 00:17:25,921 I've been thinking... 193 00:17:26,588 --> 00:17:28,924 They're not the only ones who sacrificed. 194 00:17:29,675 --> 00:17:30,509 Emperor. 195 00:17:30,592 --> 00:17:35,130 Compared to the brave legions, our sacrifices have been minimal. 196 00:17:35,639 --> 00:17:37,474 I was actually speaking about the people. 197 00:17:40,686 --> 00:17:43,772 Well, what I meant was-- 198 00:17:43,856 --> 00:17:45,858 Is that this goes without saying. 199 00:17:46,817 --> 00:17:48,443 The people made great sacrifices 200 00:17:48,527 --> 00:17:50,571 and offered steadfast support throughout the war. 201 00:17:51,154 --> 00:17:52,155 Exactly. 202 00:17:53,323 --> 00:17:55,242 So I was thinking one way I could thank them... 203 00:17:56,660 --> 00:17:58,120 is to stage a day of games. 204 00:18:00,622 --> 00:18:01,540 Games. 205 00:18:02,583 --> 00:18:03,417 Yes. 206 00:18:03,917 --> 00:18:05,335 On the first Saturday of next month. 207 00:18:06,295 --> 00:18:09,256 A massive day of gladiator games... 208 00:18:10,674 --> 00:18:13,177 ushering in a new era of peace in the Empire. 209 00:18:14,303 --> 00:18:15,137 Emperor... 210 00:18:16,346 --> 00:18:19,558 Please do not mistake our reticence to imply disagreement. 211 00:18:19,641 --> 00:18:21,310 The people deserve a day of games 212 00:18:21,393 --> 00:18:23,687 and much more, without question. 213 00:18:25,314 --> 00:18:26,565 But if I may speak freely... 214 00:18:27,357 --> 00:18:28,233 Of course. 215 00:18:28,984 --> 00:18:30,819 Imperial games at the Coliseum, 216 00:18:31,486 --> 00:18:33,947 even for a single day, are a costly undertaking. 217 00:18:35,730 --> 00:18:36,992 And after eight years of war, 218 00:18:37,750 --> 00:18:39,770 the treasury has been stretched to the limit. 219 00:18:39,161 --> 00:18:40,329 I understand. 220 00:18:40,412 --> 00:18:42,623 Money would surely have to be raised through taxation. 221 00:18:42,706 --> 00:18:43,749 And, well... 222 00:18:44,458 --> 00:18:47,200 To tax the people for the very games you are staging for them? 223 00:18:47,850 --> 00:18:49,213 -Well, it would be-- -Unacceptable. 224 00:18:50,672 --> 00:18:52,758 If I may speak freely. 225 00:18:53,759 --> 00:18:56,720 You're right, Dio. 226 00:18:57,429 --> 00:18:58,931 The people shouldn't be taxed. 227 00:19:02,170 --> 00:19:03,560 And they won't be. 228 00:19:05,312 --> 00:19:07,523 I will see to it that these games are paid for. 229 00:19:09,816 --> 00:19:11,276 Now, if you will excuse me. 230 00:19:16,865 --> 00:19:19,910 [narrator] Commodus has launched a strike against the Senate, 231 00:19:20,911 --> 00:19:23,622 demanding an even larger gift for his people... 232 00:19:24,498 --> 00:19:25,832 a day of games. 233 00:19:29,711 --> 00:19:33,600 ♪♪ 234 00:19:33,549 --> 00:19:37,135 First staged as part of funeral rites for the elite class, 235 00:19:39,960 --> 00:19:43,767 gladiator games have become a popular spectator sport of the Roman people. 236 00:19:46,478 --> 00:19:48,355 Featuring violent fights... 237 00:19:50,650 --> 00:19:52,109 and public executions... 238 00:19:54,278 --> 00:19:57,322 used by emperors to gain support. 239 00:20:03,453 --> 00:20:05,372 [Tom Holland] People would be put to death. 240 00:20:06,957 --> 00:20:09,840 Then you had wild beast shows. 241 00:20:09,751 --> 00:20:13,130 You had exotic animals released into the arena, 242 00:20:13,213 --> 00:20:14,631 maybe set against one another. 243 00:20:19,136 --> 00:20:22,514 And then as the climax, you had a gladiatorial combat, 244 00:20:23,849 --> 00:20:28,187 and there was the feeling that gladiators were the headline act. 245 00:20:31,857 --> 00:20:35,235 [narrator] By staging an elaborate day of gladiator games, 246 00:20:36,320 --> 00:20:39,907 Commodus believes he has a way to win over the Roman people... 247 00:20:43,702 --> 00:20:45,746 while undercutting the Senate. 248 00:20:52,169 --> 00:20:53,879 [Dio] Well, that sounds fine. 249 00:20:54,713 --> 00:20:57,966 -If you need to discuss it further-- -[Quintianus] Dio. Did you hear? 250 00:21:02,304 --> 00:21:03,305 No... 251 00:21:04,723 --> 00:21:07,309 -Judging from your state of agitation-- -He deceived us. 252 00:21:08,310 --> 00:21:09,478 -He? -The Emperor. 253 00:21:10,187 --> 00:21:12,231 What exactly did the Emperor do? 254 00:21:12,314 --> 00:21:15,400 He is taxing us, Senator. 255 00:21:15,484 --> 00:21:17,861 For the full cost of the games. 256 00:21:20,989 --> 00:21:21,823 I see. 257 00:21:23,492 --> 00:21:25,869 What is so amusing about that? 258 00:21:25,953 --> 00:21:27,871 "I will see to it that these games are paid for!" 259 00:21:27,955 --> 00:21:29,957 And it would seem he is doing just that. 260 00:21:30,400 --> 00:21:31,875 Paid for, by us. 261 00:21:31,959 --> 00:21:33,168 And you are just going to stand there? 262 00:21:34,503 --> 00:21:37,500 If his father were alive to see this disrespect-- 263 00:21:37,890 --> 00:21:39,466 I will give the Emperor his due. 264 00:21:41,885 --> 00:21:45,550 Going forward, I think it would be wise that we all did. 265 00:22:02,114 --> 00:22:05,117 [narrator] By forcing the Senate to pay for his games, 266 00:22:05,826 --> 00:22:08,780 Commodus has secured his revenge. 267 00:22:11,748 --> 00:22:15,586 But Quintianus refuses to admit defeat. 268 00:22:31,435 --> 00:22:32,394 To the Senate. 269 00:22:32,477 --> 00:22:33,896 [laughing] I'll drink to that. 270 00:22:38,275 --> 00:22:40,277 [Cleander] Well, this is just the first step. 271 00:22:40,360 --> 00:22:42,654 We need to show the Senate that if they cross Commodus again-- 272 00:22:42,738 --> 00:22:44,448 We already showed them that. 273 00:22:44,948 --> 00:22:45,908 And you think that's enough? 274 00:22:46,366 --> 00:22:47,201 [Saoterus] I do. 275 00:22:48,243 --> 00:22:49,786 And you think they won't respond? 276 00:22:49,870 --> 00:22:51,705 [Saoterus] Who cares if they respond? 277 00:22:51,788 --> 00:22:53,457 They're not who you should be focusing on. 278 00:22:53,540 --> 00:22:56,100 Emperor, with all due respect, I-- 279 00:22:56,840 --> 00:22:57,294 Let him finish. 280 00:22:58,629 --> 00:23:00,422 [Saoterus] You came back to Rome for a reason, 281 00:23:00,506 --> 00:23:02,174 not to play games with the Senate. 282 00:23:02,257 --> 00:23:03,634 They'll never give you your due. 283 00:23:04,343 --> 00:23:05,302 But the people. 284 00:23:05,719 --> 00:23:07,971 What did they do when you announced your games? 285 00:23:08,847 --> 00:23:10,265 They were chanting my name in the streets. 286 00:23:11,160 --> 00:23:13,810 Giving their thanks to their Emperor. 287 00:23:13,894 --> 00:23:15,729 [Cleander] I couldn't have said it better myself. 288 00:23:16,688 --> 00:23:18,482 [Saoterus] And doesn't that show you exactly 289 00:23:18,565 --> 00:23:20,651 where your attention should be? 290 00:23:22,270 --> 00:23:24,154 ♪♪ 291 00:23:27,991 --> 00:23:28,825 Drink. 292 00:23:28,909 --> 00:23:30,244 Tonight we celebrate. 293 00:23:33,413 --> 00:23:36,166 [narrator] Commodus has outwitted the Senate... 294 00:23:37,251 --> 00:23:39,711 and guaranteed the funding of his games. 295 00:23:41,171 --> 00:23:42,840 But to win over the people, 296 00:23:43,465 --> 00:23:46,969 he's convinced he has to do more than stage a spectacle. 297 00:23:51,139 --> 00:23:52,808 Soon after taking the throne, 298 00:23:53,475 --> 00:23:56,478 Commodus launches a massive P.R. campaign 299 00:23:56,562 --> 00:23:59,648 commissioning dozens of statues in his image, 300 00:23:59,731 --> 00:24:03,318 and minting thousands of coins with his profile. 301 00:24:03,944 --> 00:24:06,780 [Jerry Toner] Commodus made sure that he maintained the support 302 00:24:06,864 --> 00:24:08,532 of the Roman people. 303 00:24:08,615 --> 00:24:12,119 Coins are a great way for Emperors to advertise their reign. 304 00:24:13,780 --> 00:24:17,249 It's a way that they can show themselves as they want to be seen. 305 00:24:22,921 --> 00:24:25,799 People of Rome, thank you! 306 00:24:26,508 --> 00:24:28,385 And may the Gods be with you! 307 00:24:37,144 --> 00:24:41,648 [Prof. Marden Nichols] Commodus was very interested in popular appeal, 308 00:24:41,732 --> 00:24:44,276 and so many of his programs, 309 00:24:44,359 --> 00:24:47,237 such as the donation of monies to the people 310 00:24:47,321 --> 00:24:51,450 were aimed around garnering popular support. 311 00:24:52,701 --> 00:24:54,995 These were moves that Roman Emperors made 312 00:24:55,780 --> 00:24:59,917 to really bask in the glow of popular acclaim. 313 00:25:13,847 --> 00:25:17,100 [narrator] As the Emperor's popularity continues to grow, 314 00:25:18,393 --> 00:25:23,315 Lucilla realizes the time has come to put her plan in motion. 315 00:25:24,608 --> 00:25:27,486 And with her connections in the Senate in place, 316 00:25:28,737 --> 00:25:32,157 she makes her next move to dethrone her brother. 317 00:25:33,867 --> 00:25:39,748 [Stevens] Lucilla resented what is essentially a form of honorific demotion. 318 00:25:41,792 --> 00:25:45,671 And this resentment seemed to have worked with 319 00:25:45,754 --> 00:25:50,175 the other resentments among the leading senators and aristocrats, 320 00:25:50,259 --> 00:25:55,550 who also felt that Commodus had started to infringe upon their dignity and honor. 321 00:25:56,390 --> 00:25:59,170 So what Lucilla may actually represent 322 00:25:59,101 --> 00:26:02,980 is the sentiments of the traditional aristocracy. 323 00:26:03,630 --> 00:26:06,358 And their willingness to move against a sitting emperor. 324 00:26:10,904 --> 00:26:12,489 [Quintianus] Lucilla, this is your brother. 325 00:26:13,156 --> 00:26:15,534 Yes, I'm well aware of his relationship to me. 326 00:26:15,617 --> 00:26:17,286 He's the Emperor of Rome. 327 00:26:17,369 --> 00:26:18,996 Only for as long as he lives. 328 00:26:20,380 --> 00:26:21,832 It sounds as though something happened tonight. 329 00:26:22,291 --> 00:26:26,295 Nothing happened tonight. This is about a lifetime of disrespect. 330 00:26:26,378 --> 00:26:27,754 You're upset. Sit down. 331 00:26:27,838 --> 00:26:29,173 I do not need to sit down. 332 00:26:29,256 --> 00:26:31,383 -Have a drink of wine. -I do not need wine. 333 00:26:32,217 --> 00:26:33,927 I need him dead. 334 00:26:34,678 --> 00:26:36,221 And I need a drink. 335 00:26:36,305 --> 00:26:38,980 You need a backbone. 336 00:26:38,182 --> 00:26:40,267 You know, if the Emperor were to die tonight, 337 00:26:40,350 --> 00:26:42,394 I would not shed a tear. 338 00:26:43,687 --> 00:26:44,897 But to murder... 339 00:26:46,899 --> 00:26:49,484 -There are other ways-- -It is the only way. 340 00:26:50,680 --> 00:26:53,864 You have underestimated him already, and he only grows stronger. 341 00:26:53,947 --> 00:26:56,450 Are you so blind you cannot see that? 342 00:26:58,785 --> 00:27:03,957 You are letting your hatred blind you. 343 00:27:07,503 --> 00:27:11,340 Senator, my hatred gives me clarity. 344 00:27:12,966 --> 00:27:14,343 But tell me, 345 00:27:15,260 --> 00:27:17,554 what does your cowardice do for you? 346 00:27:25,229 --> 00:27:27,481 [narrator] While the Senator is reluctant to act, 347 00:27:28,190 --> 00:27:30,776 Lucilla's anger continues to grow... 348 00:27:31,985 --> 00:27:34,488 knowing she'll have to follow through with her plan... 349 00:27:35,322 --> 00:27:37,908 with or without Quintianus. 350 00:27:49,920 --> 00:27:51,839 After announcing his day of games, 351 00:27:53,423 --> 00:27:56,176 Commodus takes his campaign for the people... 352 00:27:56,635 --> 00:27:58,110 a step further. 353 00:27:59,263 --> 00:28:01,223 Saoterus, my brother. 354 00:28:01,306 --> 00:28:02,307 You called for me? 355 00:28:14,194 --> 00:28:15,237 What is this? 356 00:28:16,280 --> 00:28:17,364 Open it. 357 00:28:21,368 --> 00:28:23,704 ♪♪ 358 00:28:38,427 --> 00:28:42,139 [narrator] Commodus has given Saoterus one of the highest honors in Rome... 359 00:28:43,515 --> 00:28:45,580 known as the signet ring. 360 00:28:47,436 --> 00:28:48,770 Commodus... 361 00:28:50,272 --> 00:28:51,773 You deserve this and more. 362 00:29:18,910 --> 00:29:22,554 [Prof. Brennan] The signet ring was used to seal letters, orders, et cetera in wax. 363 00:29:23,430 --> 00:29:26,892 It was about as close a guarantee as you could get, 364 00:29:26,975 --> 00:29:28,180 given the technology at the time, 365 00:29:28,101 --> 00:29:31,980 that an item in question was emanating from the Emperor. 366 00:29:35,275 --> 00:29:36,652 Thank you, brother. 367 00:29:49,248 --> 00:29:51,667 [narrator] In giving the ring to his most trusted friend, 368 00:29:54,711 --> 00:29:58,215 Commodus has named Saoterus his closest advisor. 369 00:30:00,300 --> 00:30:02,511 And as one of the few men he can trust, 370 00:30:03,595 --> 00:30:07,432 Commodus believes Saoterus will appeal to the common people. 371 00:30:09,560 --> 00:30:13,730 [Toner] Commodus, once he takes power, is keen to become his own man, 372 00:30:13,814 --> 00:30:17,442 is keen to break away from this group that he sees as being 373 00:30:17,526 --> 00:30:19,111 loyal to his father, 374 00:30:19,194 --> 00:30:22,281 always comparing him negatively with his father. 375 00:30:22,364 --> 00:30:24,992 And instead, he looks to appoint his own men. 376 00:30:25,576 --> 00:30:28,203 People who are freed men, former slaves, 377 00:30:28,287 --> 00:30:31,810 who are from the lower ranks of society. 378 00:30:31,164 --> 00:30:34,126 ♪♪ 379 00:30:47,598 --> 00:30:48,849 [Saoterus] Gentlemen... 380 00:30:49,516 --> 00:30:51,518 My apologies for keeping you waiting. 381 00:30:51,602 --> 00:30:53,145 The Emperor had some business 382 00:30:53,228 --> 00:30:55,439 he wished to discuss with me before I departed. 383 00:30:55,522 --> 00:30:56,899 The Emperor is not joining us? 384 00:30:56,982 --> 00:30:58,483 He has sent me in his stead. 385 00:30:58,567 --> 00:31:00,402 In his stead? 386 00:31:00,944 --> 00:31:02,905 He has named me Chief Aide. 387 00:31:03,530 --> 00:31:07,159 I am to act as his proxy in all matters pertaining to this body. 388 00:31:08,452 --> 00:31:10,662 It's all here in writing. With the Emperor's, 389 00:31:10,746 --> 00:31:12,789 and my, official seal. 390 00:31:15,459 --> 00:31:16,335 Well, this is... 391 00:31:16,835 --> 00:31:20,756 -This is-- -This is a momentous occasion, Saoterus. 392 00:31:21,548 --> 00:31:23,175 Give the Emperor our warmest regards 393 00:31:23,258 --> 00:31:26,940 and let him know that we look forward to meeting with him, 394 00:31:26,178 --> 00:31:28,180 -should the need arise. -Of course. 395 00:31:28,764 --> 00:31:30,432 And now with that bit of business out of the way, 396 00:31:31,990 --> 00:31:33,393 let me share this document with your scribe. 397 00:31:35,312 --> 00:31:37,981 This is a disgrace to Rome, 398 00:31:39,149 --> 00:31:43,904 yet you stand and smile at the freedman who now rules over you. 399 00:31:43,987 --> 00:31:47,115 I merely welcomed the man who is here at the Emperor's request. 400 00:31:47,199 --> 00:31:49,368 The whim of the Emperor. 401 00:31:50,202 --> 00:31:53,872 -A man not fit to rule. -But, in fact, he does rule. 402 00:31:54,373 --> 00:31:55,791 For now. 403 00:31:56,708 --> 00:31:58,377 Until something is done. 404 00:31:58,460 --> 00:32:00,379 What, may I ask you, could be done? 405 00:32:01,547 --> 00:32:02,381 [Saoterus] Gentlemen... 406 00:32:03,674 --> 00:32:05,425 -Shall we begin? -Absolutely. 407 00:32:08,178 --> 00:32:10,722 [Dio] Gentlemen, the Senate is in session. 408 00:32:10,806 --> 00:32:12,808 ♪♪ 409 00:32:15,143 --> 00:32:17,688 [Prof. Nichols] Commodus had difficulty 410 00:32:17,771 --> 00:32:21,660 in his relationships with the Roman Senate, 411 00:32:21,149 --> 00:32:25,279 partially because he chose as his advisors 412 00:32:25,362 --> 00:32:30,325 people who had originally been slaves in his court. 413 00:32:33,120 --> 00:32:35,455 The Senate was not included 414 00:32:35,539 --> 00:32:37,124 in his inner circle. 415 00:32:37,207 --> 00:32:41,128 And this was perhaps the most dangerous choice 416 00:32:41,211 --> 00:32:43,130 that Commodus made during his reign. 417 00:32:46,341 --> 00:32:47,426 [narrator] For Quintianus, 418 00:32:50,888 --> 00:32:54,141 Commodus has dealt the ultimate insult to the Senate. 419 00:32:57,102 --> 00:33:00,189 And he realizes the only way to settle the conflict... 420 00:33:00,939 --> 00:33:03,150 is to put an end to the Emperor's reign. 421 00:33:04,484 --> 00:33:06,612 ♪♪ 422 00:33:13,410 --> 00:33:16,121 [Saoterus] Oh by the Gods, I wish you'd been there... 423 00:33:16,205 --> 00:33:19,833 just to see the look on Quintianus's face. 424 00:33:22,200 --> 00:33:26,965 The son of a freedman walking into the Senate, 425 00:33:27,490 --> 00:33:29,218 commanding their attention. 426 00:33:31,261 --> 00:33:32,262 [Commodus] Oh, brother. 427 00:33:43,899 --> 00:33:46,652 Senator Quintianus, this is an unexpected visit. 428 00:33:46,735 --> 00:33:48,862 -I had to see you. -And uninvited. 429 00:33:48,946 --> 00:33:50,113 It couldn't wait. 430 00:33:50,906 --> 00:33:52,199 Apparently not. 431 00:33:53,659 --> 00:33:56,411 But I happen to have been asleep, and having a very pleasant dream. 432 00:33:57,788 --> 00:33:59,790 Commodus must die. 433 00:34:01,416 --> 00:34:02,584 My goodness. 434 00:34:03,168 --> 00:34:04,962 What on Earth did my little brother do to you? 435 00:34:05,450 --> 00:34:06,463 He has no honor. 436 00:34:07,673 --> 00:34:11,760 Only contempt for everything the Rome you and I know stands for. 437 00:34:11,844 --> 00:34:14,596 To name a freedman to rule over the Senate! 438 00:34:16,473 --> 00:34:17,474 ♪♪ 439 00:34:25,274 --> 00:34:26,900 [narrator] As resentment against her brother 440 00:34:26,984 --> 00:34:28,443 grows in the Senate, 441 00:34:29,444 --> 00:34:32,406 Lucilla sees an opportunity to further her plan. 442 00:34:34,116 --> 00:34:37,327 But she's not the only one in the palace with an agenda. 443 00:34:39,746 --> 00:34:41,582 [Prof. Irvin] Slaves were instruments. 444 00:34:41,665 --> 00:34:45,627 They were extensions of whoever owned them. 445 00:34:45,711 --> 00:34:48,463 They were nonexistent individuals. 446 00:34:48,547 --> 00:34:51,258 So you would have Romans with their elite slaves 447 00:34:51,341 --> 00:34:52,593 that knew all of their secrets, 448 00:34:52,676 --> 00:34:55,220 knew everything that was going on on a day-to-day basis. 449 00:34:55,304 --> 00:34:58,682 And the clueless master that believes he has everything tucked away 450 00:34:58,765 --> 00:35:00,184 and nobody knows what's going on, 451 00:35:00,267 --> 00:35:01,977 when, of course, the slaves know everything. 452 00:35:05,898 --> 00:35:08,483 [narrator] After watching Saoterus rise to power 453 00:35:09,276 --> 00:35:11,570 and win the trust of the Emperor, 454 00:35:14,198 --> 00:35:17,659 Cleander is determined to take his place... 455 00:35:18,827 --> 00:35:24,333 and will do anything to seize the position for himself. 456 00:35:48,357 --> 00:35:49,691 What did you hear? 457 00:35:50,400 --> 00:35:53,779 I overheard Senator Quintianus and Lucilla talking. 458 00:35:54,655 --> 00:35:56,740 They plan to murder the Emperor. 459 00:35:57,740 --> 00:35:58,200 When was this? 460 00:35:58,283 --> 00:35:59,660 Nearly two hours ago. 461 00:36:00,369 --> 00:36:03,580 -Who else was there? -I'm not sure. Just me, I think. 462 00:36:05,958 --> 00:36:07,793 Go back to Lucilla's quarters. 463 00:36:08,335 --> 00:36:10,420 -Yes. -Go... 464 00:36:18,637 --> 00:36:21,223 ♪♪ 465 00:36:29,189 --> 00:36:30,230 Madame? 466 00:36:30,440 --> 00:36:31,900 Yes, what is it? 467 00:36:31,984 --> 00:36:34,820 Sorry to disturb you, but we have a... 468 00:36:35,404 --> 00:36:36,405 Cleander. 469 00:36:36,989 --> 00:36:37,865 ...here to see you. 470 00:36:39,575 --> 00:36:40,701 Thank you, Tatiana. 471 00:36:48,500 --> 00:36:49,710 Sorry to intrude. 472 00:36:50,794 --> 00:36:52,296 But I was just passing by and realized... 473 00:36:53,922 --> 00:36:55,424 I've never been in here before. 474 00:36:58,510 --> 00:36:59,303 Prepare my bath... 475 00:37:02,181 --> 00:37:03,265 If I'd have known you were coming, 476 00:37:03,348 --> 00:37:06,101 I would have had the cook prepare something more substantial... 477 00:37:08,270 --> 00:37:10,856 -No need. I won't be long. -Is that a promise? 478 00:37:18,447 --> 00:37:19,990 Just long enough to tell you... 479 00:37:23,285 --> 00:37:24,536 I know everything... 480 00:37:26,790 --> 00:37:27,789 about your plans for the Emperor. 481 00:37:32,850 --> 00:37:34,546 Clearly, I have no idea what you're talking about. 482 00:37:38,884 --> 00:37:39,885 Clearly... 483 00:37:43,931 --> 00:37:45,307 Which is a shame, 484 00:37:45,390 --> 00:37:48,352 given that anyone plotting to kill the Emperor... 485 00:37:50,229 --> 00:37:53,398 could certainly use someone close to him on their side. 486 00:37:56,735 --> 00:37:57,819 Tatiana. 487 00:37:58,737 --> 00:38:00,720 [Tatiana] Yes, Madame? 488 00:38:00,155 --> 00:38:01,532 Never mind my bath. 489 00:38:02,241 --> 00:38:03,700 Our guest is very hungry. 490 00:38:05,770 --> 00:38:06,578 Prepare him a nice meal. 491 00:38:07,663 --> 00:38:09,540 We have much to discuss. 492 00:38:17,673 --> 00:38:20,175 There are several moments in the Empire, 493 00:38:20,259 --> 00:38:21,677 Commodus is one example, 494 00:38:22,219 --> 00:38:25,639 in which there's a nexus of lower-status people around the Emperor 495 00:38:25,722 --> 00:38:27,990 who are perceived as his friends 496 00:38:27,182 --> 00:38:29,101 and are thought of as dangerous for this reason. 497 00:38:29,935 --> 00:38:32,855 And because power emanates from a single point, 498 00:38:33,397 --> 00:38:36,483 anyone else who wants access to that power has to be close. 499 00:38:37,192 --> 00:38:39,278 ♪♪ 500 00:38:45,450 --> 00:38:49,621 [Quintianus] I know that each of you have taken great risks to be here. 501 00:38:51,790 --> 00:38:53,250 This is your one chance. 502 00:38:54,710 --> 00:38:57,713 The future of Rome is at stake. 503 00:38:59,470 --> 00:39:03,218 Commodus is destroying everything that we hold dear. 504 00:39:03,719 --> 00:39:04,678 Our tradition, 505 00:39:05,846 --> 00:39:07,139 our culture. 506 00:39:08,265 --> 00:39:10,350 He must be stopped. 507 00:39:20,819 --> 00:39:21,737 Good. 508 00:39:23,197 --> 00:39:26,408 It is all going to happen at the Games. 509 00:39:27,340 --> 00:39:27,993 Cleander? 510 00:39:30,780 --> 00:39:31,914 The most important person to remove... 511 00:39:33,165 --> 00:39:34,583 is Saoterus. 512 00:39:37,753 --> 00:39:39,296 And I will take care of that. 513 00:39:42,716 --> 00:39:44,343 ♪♪ 514 00:39:46,345 --> 00:39:49,348 [Toner] Roman Emperors were the most powerful people on the planet. 515 00:39:50,390 --> 00:39:55,562 It perhaps is not surprising that many men wanted to have a part of that power 516 00:39:55,646 --> 00:39:58,232 and looked to take control themselves. 517 00:39:58,315 --> 00:39:59,733 And so throughout the Empire, 518 00:39:59,816 --> 00:40:02,611 we find that assassination attempts are quite common. 519 00:40:02,694 --> 00:40:04,613 ♪♪ 520 00:40:05,405 --> 00:40:07,866 [narrator] As Lucilla and members of the Senate 521 00:40:07,950 --> 00:40:09,243 plot their overthrow... 522 00:40:13,705 --> 00:40:17,960 Cleander knows this is his opportunity to eliminate Saoterus. 523 00:40:19,711 --> 00:40:21,964 And with all eyes on the Emperor's games, 524 00:40:22,923 --> 00:40:24,925 he's determined to take advantage. 525 00:40:31,390 --> 00:40:34,268 [chattering] 526 00:40:35,185 --> 00:40:36,854 After months of planning, 527 00:40:37,855 --> 00:40:40,941 the eve of the Emperor's games has arrived. 528 00:40:44,444 --> 00:40:48,699 But while Commodus prepares for one of his most important days as Emperor, 529 00:40:56,390 --> 00:40:58,917 Lucilla has recruited influential senators... 530 00:40:59,459 --> 00:41:02,400 and members of Commodus's inner circle... 531 00:41:02,629 --> 00:41:05,174 with a plan to dethrone the Emperor. 532 00:41:09,720 --> 00:41:12,806 Lucilla plots to have Commodus assassinated. 533 00:41:14,391 --> 00:41:17,186 It may have been that she was simply after power. 534 00:41:17,269 --> 00:41:19,646 Perhaps she wanted to be Empress. 535 00:41:21,273 --> 00:41:23,650 Or perhaps it was already clear to her 536 00:41:23,734 --> 00:41:28,280 that her younger brother was just not up to the job of being Emperor, 537 00:41:28,363 --> 00:41:30,157 and so needed to be got rid of 538 00:41:30,282 --> 00:41:33,619 before he threatened the safety of the Empire as a whole. 539 00:41:38,707 --> 00:41:42,419 ♪♪ 540 00:41:49,384 --> 00:41:50,928 [narrator] On the day of the games, 541 00:41:51,512 --> 00:41:54,348 50,000 people crowd into the arena.... 542 00:41:56,850 --> 00:42:00,938 to see battles and performances by more than 100 gladiators... 543 00:42:03,650 --> 00:42:05,670 and thousands of wild animals. 544 00:42:13,408 --> 00:42:17,287 [Prof. Irvin] These were celebrations that involved the entire city of Rome. 545 00:42:17,788 --> 00:42:20,123 They would be shown throughout the day 546 00:42:20,207 --> 00:42:21,542 the glory of the Empire, 547 00:42:21,625 --> 00:42:24,127 the glory of the Emperor who was paying for all of this. 548 00:42:24,795 --> 00:42:26,505 They would be, of course, encouraged to be loyal 549 00:42:26,588 --> 00:42:28,423 and see how great their Emperor was, 550 00:42:28,507 --> 00:42:30,384 that he provided all of these things. 551 00:42:34,346 --> 00:42:35,848 [narrator] But not everyone in Rome... 552 00:42:37,641 --> 00:42:39,142 is in the Coliseum. 553 00:42:42,813 --> 00:42:44,481 Look at this, Saoterus. 554 00:42:44,565 --> 00:42:46,608 Empty streets means a full Coliseum. 555 00:42:49,111 --> 00:42:52,322 Perhaps, some preliminary games? 556 00:42:53,574 --> 00:42:55,200 The Emperor is expecting us. 557 00:42:55,993 --> 00:42:58,161 If anyone will understand, it's Commodus. 558 00:42:58,245 --> 00:42:59,621 Cleander. 559 00:43:01,748 --> 00:43:03,959 The games won't start for another half hour. 560 00:43:04,420 --> 00:43:06,211 And I know for a fact, you won't need that long. 561 00:43:18,640 --> 00:43:20,601 Emperor Commodus! 562 00:43:37,534 --> 00:43:40,621 Let the games begin! 563 00:43:41,121 --> 00:43:42,414 ♪♪ 564 00:43:59,515 --> 00:44:00,974 I'm sure they're on their way. 565 00:44:01,683 --> 00:44:03,936 -What other business could there be? -They'll be here. 566 00:44:06,813 --> 00:44:08,565 Come here, you. 567 00:44:09,525 --> 00:44:11,260 ♪ I love my friends... ♪ 568 00:44:11,109 --> 00:44:12,861 Ahh, a lady. 569 00:44:12,945 --> 00:44:15,322 [Cleander] How are you? Oh, look. 570 00:44:15,405 --> 00:44:17,616 ♪♪ 571 00:44:32,589 --> 00:44:33,882 [cheers] 572 00:44:37,520 --> 00:44:39,540 [moaning] 573 00:44:41,139 --> 00:44:42,891 ♪♪ 574 00:45:26,185 --> 00:45:27,603 [blood spilling] [groaning] 575 00:45:33,817 --> 00:45:35,270 [sword slicing] 576 00:46:31,792 --> 00:46:34,169 [distant cheering] 577 00:46:48,475 --> 00:46:49,518 This is for the Senate! 578 00:46:53,630 --> 00:46:55,649 [theme music playing]